从基类中的派生类获取属性

本文关键字:获取 属性 派生 基类 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:07:41

如何在基类中获得派生类的属性?

基类:

public abstract class BaseModel {
    protected static readonly Dictionary<string, Func<BaseModel, object>>
            _propertyGetters = typeof(BaseModel).GetProperties().Where(p => _getValidations(p).Length != 0).ToDictionary(p => p.Name, p => _getValueGetter(p));
}
派生类:

public class ServerItem : BaseModel, IDataErrorInfo {
    [Required(ErrorMessage = "Field name is required.")]
    public string Name { get; set; }
}
public class OtherServerItem : BaseModel, IDataErrorInfo {
    [Required(ErrorMessage = "Field name is required.")]
    public string OtherName { get; set; }
    [Required(ErrorMessage = "Field SomethingThatIsOnlyHereis required.")]
    public string SomethingThatIsOnlyHere{ get; set; }
}

在这个例子中-我可以从ServerItem类中获得"Name"属性,而在BaseModel类?

编辑:我试图实现模型验证,如下所述:http://weblogs.asp.net/marianor/archive/2009/04/17/wpf-validation-with-attributes-and-idataerrorinfo-interface-in-mvvm.aspx

我认为,如果我创建一些基本模型(几乎)所有的验证魔术在它,然后扩展该模型,它将是好的…

从基类中的派生类获取属性

如果两个类都在同一个程序集中,您可以尝试这样做:

Assembly
    .GetAssembly(typeof(BaseClass))
    .GetTypes()
    .Where(t => t.IsSubclassOf(typeof(BaseClass))
    .SelectMany(t => t.GetProperties());

这将给你BaseClass的所有子类的所有属性。

如果您要求派生类必须实现一个方法或属性,您应该将该方法或属性作为抽象声明引入基类。

例如,对于Name属性,您可以在基类中添加:

public abstract string Name { get; set; }

那么任何派生类必须实现它,或者自己是抽象类。

一旦你把Name属性的抽象版本添加到基类中,你就可以在基类的任何地方访问它,除了在基类的构造函数中

如果您必须从基类中获取派生类的属性,您可以使用反射,例如-像这样…

using System;
public class BaseModel
{
    public string getName()
    {
        return (string) this.GetType().GetProperty("Name").GetValue(this, null);
    }
}
public class SubModel : BaseModel
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
}
namespace Test
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            SubModel b = new SubModel();
            b.Name = "hello";
            System.Console.Out.WriteLine(b.getName()); //prints hello
        }
    }
}

这是不推荐的,但你很可能应该重新考虑你的设计,就像马修说的。

至于不向基类抛出属性——你可以尝试将基类和派生类解耦为不相关的对象,并通过构造函数传递它们。

另一种解决方法是在基类中创建虚拟属性,并在派生类中重写

public class Employee
{
    public virtual string Name {get; set;}
}
public class GeneralStaff
{
    public override string Name {get; set;}
}
class Program
{
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Employee emp = new GeneralStaff();
            emp.Name = "Abc Xyz";
            //---- More code follows----            
        }
}

好了,我解决这个问题的方法与这篇文章的作者略有不同:http://weblogs.asp.net/marianor/archive/2009/04/17/wpf-validation-with-attributes-and-idataerrorinfo-interface-in-mvvm.aspx

public abstract class BaseModel : IDataErrorInfo {
    protected Type _type;
    protected readonly Dictionary<string, ValidationAttribute[]> _validators;
    protected readonly Dictionary<string, PropertyInfo> _properties;
    public BaseModel() {
        _type = this.GetType();
        _properties = _type.GetProperties().ToDictionary(p => p.Name, p => p);
        _validators = _properties.Where(p => _getValidations(p.Value).Length != 0).ToDictionary(p => p.Value.Name, p => _getValidations(p.Value));
    }
    protected ValidationAttribute[] _getValidations(PropertyInfo property) {
        return (ValidationAttribute[])property.GetCustomAttributes(typeof(ValidationAttribute), true);
    }
    public string this[string columnName] {
        get {
            if (_properties.ContainsKey(columnName)) {
                var value = _properties[columnName].GetValue(this, null);
                var errors = _validators[columnName].Where(v => !v.IsValid(value)).Select(v => v.ErrorMessage).ToArray();
                return string.Join(Environment.NewLine, errors);
            }
            return string.Empty;
        }
    }
    public string Error {
        get { throw new NotImplementedException(); }
    }
}

也许它会帮助别人。

扫描程序集中所有从BaseModel继承的类,并创建如下的字典:

Dictionary<Type, Dictionary<string, Func<BaseModel, object>>>
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
namespace TESTNEW
{
   public abstract class BusinessStructure
    {
       public BusinessStructure()
       { }
       public string Name { get; set; }
   public string[] PropertyNames{
       get
       { 
                System.Reflection.PropertyInfo[] Pr;
                System.Type _type = this.GetType();
                Pr = _type.GetProperties();
                string[] ReturnValue = new string[Pr.Length];
                for (int a = 0; a <= Pr.Length - 1; a++)
                {
                    ReturnValue[a] = Pr[a].Name;
                }
                return ReturnValue;
       }
   }
}

public class MyCLS : BusinessStructure
   {
       public MyCLS() { }
       public int ID { get; set; }
       public string Value { get; set; }

   }
   public class Test
   {
       void Test()
       {
           MyCLS Cls = new MyCLS();
           string[] s = Cls.PropertyNames;
           for (int a = 0; a <= s.Length - 1; a++)
           {
            System.Windows.Forms.MessageBox.Show(s[a].ToString());
           }
       }
   }
}