将数据表转换为对象的方法

本文关键字：方法 对象 数据表 转换 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:08:53

从数据表获取数据到对应对象的好方法是什么?我猜有一种比我现在做的更有效、更干净的方法:

var username = dt_user.rows[0].columns[0];

谢谢!

将数据表转换为对象的方法

您可能会受益于本文中的helper类:http://lozanotek.com/blog/archive/2007/05/09/Converting_Custom_Collections_To_and_From_DataTable.aspx

public class CollectionHelper
{
    private CollectionHelper()
    {
    }
    public static DataTable ConvertTo<T>(IList<T> list)
    {
        DataTable table = CreateTable<T>();
        Type entityType = typeof(T);
        PropertyDescriptorCollection properties = TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(entityType);
        foreach (T item in list)
        {
            DataRow row = table.NewRow();
            foreach (PropertyDescriptor prop in properties)
            {
                row[prop.Name] = prop.GetValue(item);
            }
            table.Rows.Add(row);
        }
        return table;
    }
    public static IList<T> ConvertTo<T>(IList<DataRow> rows)
    {
        IList<T> list = null;
        if (rows != null)
        {
            list = new List<T>();
            foreach (DataRow row in rows)
            {
                T item = CreateItem<T>(row);
                list.Add(item);
            }
        }
        return list;
    }
    public static IList<T> ConvertTo<T>(DataTable table)
    {
        if (table == null)
        {
            return null;
        }
        List<DataRow> rows = new List<DataRow>();
        foreach (DataRow row in table.Rows)
        {
            rows.Add(row);
        }
        return ConvertTo<T>(rows);
    }
    public static T CreateItem<T>(DataRow row)
    {
        T obj = default(T);
        if (row != null)
        {
            obj = Activator.CreateInstance<T>();
            foreach (DataColumn column in row.Table.Columns)
            {
                PropertyInfo prop = obj.GetType().GetProperty(column.ColumnName);
                try
                {
                    object value = row[column.ColumnName];
                    prop.SetValue(obj, value, null);
                }
                catch
                {
                    // You can log something here
                    throw;
                }
            }
        }
        return obj;
    }
    public static DataTable CreateTable<T>()
    {
        Type entityType = typeof(T);
        DataTable table = new DataTable(entityType.Name);
        PropertyDescriptorCollection properties = TypeDescriptor.GetProperties(entityType);
        foreach (PropertyDescriptor prop in properties)
        {
            table.Columns.Add(prop.Name, prop.PropertyType);
        }
        return table;
    }
}
To see the full code in action, check this sample out:
public class MyClass
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        List<Customer> customers = new List<Customer>();
        for (int i = 0; i < 10; i++)
        {
            Customer c = new Customer();
            c.Id = i;
            c.Name = "Customer " + i.ToString();
            customers.Add(c);
        }
        DataTable table = CollectionHelper.ConvertTo<Customer>(customers);
        foreach (DataRow row in table.Rows)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Customer");
            Console.WriteLine("---------------");
            foreach (DataColumn column in table.Columns)
            {
                object value = row[column.ColumnName];
                Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", column.ColumnName, value);
            }
            Console.WriteLine();
        }
        RL();
    }
    #region Helper methods
    private static void WL(object text, params object[] args)
    {
        Console.WriteLine(text.ToString(), args);
    }
    private static void RL()
    {
        Console.ReadLine();
    }
    private static void Break()
    {
        System.Diagnostics.Debugger.Break();
    }
    #endregion
}

查看System.Data.DataSetExtensions中的扩展。它为DataRow提供了一个具有各种重载的通用扩展方法Field。

var username = dt_user.rows[0].columns[0];
//becomes
var username = dt_user.rows[0].Field<String>(0);

真正强大的是访问可空的基本类型:

var integerValue = dataRow.Field<Int32?>("ColumnName");

更多信息可以在这里找到:http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/system.data.datarowextensions.aspx

如果你知道你期望的数据类型;您可以完美地为字符串执行此操作:

string username = dt_user.rows[0][0].ToString();

，对于int:

int userID = int.Parse(dt_user.rows[0][0].ToString());

虽然还是很难看。我会这样写几个扩展方法:

public static string ObjectToString(this object theObject)
{
     if(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(theObject))
        return theObject.ToString();
     return string.Empty;
}
public static int ObjectToInt(this object theObject)
{
     int result = 0;
     if(!string.IsNullOrEmpty(theObject) && int.TryParse(theObject, out result))
     {
        return result;
     }
     return -1;
}

然后我这样命名它:

string username = dt_user.rows[0][0].ObjectToString();
int userid = dt_user.rows[0][0].ObjectToInt();

还有一个建议:如果没有必要，不要使用索引访问列名;你可以说dt_user.rows[0]["username"].ToString();

如果有人更改了结果集中特定列的位置，这将保护您免受意外结果/错误的影响。

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