Ninject.MVC3.Bootstrapper.Initialize throws“；序列不包含任何元素”；

这个问题并不新鲜，但我的问题似乎与迄今为止看到的问题有不同的根源。

我有一个包含几个项目的解决方案：其中两个是C#MVC4。我在两者上都安装了Ninject.MVC3 Nuget包，并且在App_Start文件夹方法中使用了NinjectWebCommon类(https://github.com/ninject/Ninject.Web.Mvc/wiki/Setting-up-an-MVC3-application)。

版本：

1. 9项目3.2.2.0
2. 九项目.MVC3 3.2.1.0
3. Ninject.Web.Common 3.2.3.0
4. Ninject.Web.Common.WebHost 3.2.3.0
5. WebActivator 2.0.5

第一个项目的NinjectWebCommon.cs：

using System.Web.Mvc;
using Ninject.Web.Mvc.FilterBindingSyntax;
using S1.MVC.Filters.CentralAutenticacao.Business;
using S1.MVC.Filters.Error;
[assembly: WebActivatorEx.PreApplicationStartMethod(typeof(S1.CRM.Eventos.App_Start.NinjectWebCommon), "Start")]
[assembly: WebActivatorEx.ApplicationShutdownMethodAttribute(typeof(S1.CRM.Eventos.App_Start.NinjectWebCommon), "Stop")]
namespace S1.CRM.Eventos.App_Start
{
    using System;
    using System.Web;
    using Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure.DynamicModuleHelper;
    using Ninject;
    using Ninject.Web.Common;
    public static class NinjectWebCommon 
    {
        private static readonly Bootstrapper bootstrapper = new Bootstrapper();
        /// <summary>
        /// Starts the application
        /// </summary>
        public static void Start() 
        {
            DynamicModuleUtility.RegisterModule(typeof(OnePerRequestHttpModule));
            DynamicModuleUtility.RegisterModule(typeof(NinjectHttpModule));
            bootstrapper.Initialize(CreateKernel);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Stops the application.
        /// </summary>
        public static void Stop()
        {
            bootstrapper.ShutDown();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Creates the kernel that will manage your application.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>The created kernel.</returns>
        private static IKernel CreateKernel()
        {
            var kernel = new StandardKernel();
            try
            {
                kernel.Bind<Func<IKernel>>().ToMethod(ctx => () => new Bootstrapper().Kernel);
                kernel.Bind<IHttpModule>().To<HttpApplicationInitializationHttpModule>();
                RegisterServices(kernel);
                return kernel;
            }
            catch
            {
                kernel.Dispose();
                throw;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Load your modules or register your services here!
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="kernel">The kernel.</param>
        private static void RegisterServices(IKernel kernel)
        {
            kernel.BindFilter<FiltroCentralAutenticacao>(FilterScope.Global, 0);
            kernel.BindFilter<GenericErro>(FilterScope.Global, 0);
        }        
    }
}

第二个项目的NinjectWebCommon.cs：

using System.Web.Mvc;
using Ninject.Web.Mvc.FilterBindingSyntax;
using S1.MVC.Filters.CentralAutenticacao.Business;
using S1.MVC.Filters.Error;
[assembly: WebActivatorEx.PreApplicationStartMethod(typeof(S1.CRM.Crud.App_Start.NinjectWebCommon), "Start")]
[assembly: WebActivatorEx.ApplicationShutdownMethodAttribute(typeof(S1.CRM.Crud.App_Start.NinjectWebCommon), "Stop")]
namespace S1.CRM.Crud.App_Start
{
    using System;
    using System.Web;
    using Microsoft.Web.Infrastructure.DynamicModuleHelper;
    using Ninject;
    using Ninject.Web.Common;
    public static class NinjectWebCommon 
    {
        private static readonly Bootstrapper bootstrapper = new Bootstrapper();
        /// <summary>
        /// Starts the application
        /// </summary>
        public static void Start() 
        {
            DynamicModuleUtility.RegisterModule(typeof(OnePerRequestHttpModule));
            DynamicModuleUtility.RegisterModule(typeof(NinjectHttpModule));
            bootstrapper.Initialize(CreateKernel);
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Stops the application.
        /// </summary>
        public static void Stop()
        {
            bootstrapper.ShutDown();
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Creates the kernel that will manage your application.
        /// </summary>
        /// <returns>The created kernel.</returns>
        private static IKernel CreateKernel()
        {
            var kernel = new StandardKernel();
            try
            {
                kernel.Bind<Func<IKernel>>().ToMethod(ctx => () => new Bootstrapper().Kernel);
                kernel.Bind<IHttpModule>().To<HttpApplicationInitializationHttpModule>();
                RegisterServices(kernel);
                return kernel;
            }
            catch
            {
                kernel.Dispose();
                throw;
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Load your modules or register your services here!
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="kernel">The kernel.</param>
        private static void RegisterServices(IKernel kernel)
        {
            kernel.BindFilter<FiltroCentralAutenticacao>(FilterScope.Global, 0);
            kernel.BindFilter<GenericErro>(FilterScope.Global, 0);
        }        
    }
}

以下是第一个项目的global.asax文件：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Http;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Optimization;
using System.Web.Routing;
namespace S1.CRM.Eventos
{
    // Note: For instructions on enabling IIS6 or IIS7 classic mode, 
    // visit http://go.microsoft.com/?LinkId=9394801
    public class MvcApplication : HttpApplication
    {
        protected void Application_Start()
        {
            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
            WebApiConfig.Register(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration);
            FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
            RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
            BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
            AuthConfig.RegisterAuth();
        }
    }
}

第二种：

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Web;
using System.Web.Http;
using System.Web.Mvc;
using System.Web.Optimization;
using System.Web.Routing;
namespace S1.CRM.Crud
{
    // Note: For instructions on enabling IIS6 or IIS7 classic mode, 
    // visit http://go.microsoft.com/?LinkId=9394801
    public class MvcApplication : HttpApplication
    {
        protected void Application_Start()
        {
            AreaRegistration.RegisterAllAreas();
            WebApiConfig.Register(GlobalConfiguration.Configuration);
            FilterConfig.RegisterGlobalFilters(GlobalFilters.Filters);
            RouteConfig.RegisterRoutes(RouteTable.Routes);
            BundleConfig.RegisterBundles(BundleTable.Bundles);
            AuthConfig.RegisterAuth();
        }
    }
}

当我尝试运行这两个项目中的任何一个时，在调用时，我会得到一个InvalidOperationException，上面写着"Sequence不包含元素"

bootstrapper.Initialize(CreateKernel);

Stacktrace:

in System.Linq.Enumerable.Single[TSource](IEnumerable`1 source)
in Ninject.Web.Mvc.NinjectMvcHttpApplicationPlugin.Start()
in Ninject.Web.Common.Bootstrapper.<Initialize>b__0(INinjectHttpApplicationPlugin c)
in Ninject.Infrastructure.Language.ExtensionsForIEnumerableOfT.Map[T](IEnumerable`1 series, Action`1 action)
in Ninject.Web.Common.Bootstrapper.Initialize(Func`1 createKernelCallback)
in S1.CRM.Eventos.App_Start.NinjectWebCommon.Start() in d:'git-paulo'S1.CRM'S1.CRM.Eventos'App_Start'NinjectWebCommon.cs:line 30

有些人在从NinjectHttpApplication派生global.asax并同时使用NinjectWebCommon类时，或者在重命名程序集时（Ninject+MVC3=InvalidOperationException：序列不包含元素）遇到了这个问题。那不是我的情况。

当同一解决方案中的两个项目使用WebActivator初始化Ninject时，另一个人出现了这个错误（用于网站和Api-Sequence的Ninject不包含任何元素）。因此，我尝试卸载其中一个项目，但仍然不断出现错误。

有什么想法吗？