要字符串包含控制字符的字节数组
本文关键字：字节 字节数 数组 控制字符 字符串 包含 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:29:20
所以我找到了一些例子，但没有一个是我想要的（尽管关闭）
我正在寻找的示例
byte[] array = { 0x02, 0x64, 0x40, 0x40, 0x03 };
string text = SomeMagicalMethod(array);
//displays <STX>FOO<ETX>
有一次，我有一本字典，里面有不可打印的字符值和<…>里面的东西，但把两个字符串组合在一起简直要了我的命。我目前有这个，但它ASCIIEncoding去掉了所有的控制字符。
public static void Add(this TextBox tb, byte[] array)
{
string input = System.Text.ASCIIEncoding.ASCII.GetString(array);
Regex.Replace( input ,
@"'p{Cc}" ,
a => string.Format( "[{0:X2}]" , (byte)a.Value[0] )
) ;
Add(tb, input);
}
public static void Add(this TextBox tb, string text)
{
text += ENTER;
tb.Dispatcher.Invoke( DispatcherPriority.Background,
new Action(delegate() { tb.Text += text; })
);
}
编辑使用NUnit，我针对这些测试运行已回答的代码。最后一个具有一个超出0x7F范围的值。虽然将在中使用的代码不应该有，但最好是安全的，然后抱歉。
[TestFixture]
public class StringExtensionsTest
{
[Test]
public void SingleByteControlCharacterTest()
{
AssertSingleByte(0x00, "<NUL>"); AssertSingleByte(0x01, "<SOH>");
AssertSingleByte(0x02, "<STX>"); AssertSingleByte(0x03, "<ETX>");
AssertSingleByte(0x04, "<EOT>"); AssertSingleByte(0x05, "<ENQ>");
AssertSingleByte(0x06, "<ACK>"); AssertSingleByte(0x07, "<BEL>");
AssertSingleByte(0x08, "<BS>" ); AssertSingleByte(0x09, "<HT>" );
AssertSingleByte(0x0A, "<LF>" ); AssertSingleByte(0x0B, "<VT>" );
AssertSingleByte(0x0C, "<FF>" ); AssertSingleByte(0x0D, "<CR>" );
AssertSingleByte(0x0E, "<SO>" ); AssertSingleByte(0x0F, "<SI>" );
AssertSingleByte(0x10, "<DLE>"); AssertSingleByte(0x11, "<DC1>");
AssertSingleByte(0x12, "<DC2>"); AssertSingleByte(0x13, "<DC3>");
AssertSingleByte(0x14, "<DC4>"); AssertSingleByte(0x15, "<NAK>");
AssertSingleByte(0x16, "<SYN>"); AssertSingleByte(0x17, "<ETB>");
AssertSingleByte(0x18, "<CAN>"); AssertSingleByte(0x19, "<EM>" );
AssertSingleByte(0x1A, "<SUB>"); AssertSingleByte(0x1B, "<ESC>");
AssertSingleByte(0x1C, "<FS>" ); AssertSingleByte(0x1D, "<GS>" );
AssertSingleByte(0x1E, "<RS>" ); AssertSingleByte(0x1F, "<US>" );
AssertSingleByte(0x7F, "<DEL>");
}
private void AssertSingleByte(byte value, string expected)
{
byte[] array = new byte[]{value};
var actual = array.asciiOctets2String();
Assert.AreEqual(expected, actual, "Didn't print the epxected result");
}
[Test]
public void SingleCharacterTest()
{
for (byte i = 0x20; i < 0x7F; i++)
{
AssertSingleByte(i, char.ToString((char)i));
}
}
[Test]
public void SimpleTestTogether()
{
byte[] array = {0x02, 0x46,0x4F, 0x4F, 0x03};
string expected = "<STX>FOO<ETX>";
string actual = array.asciiOctets2String();
Assert.AreEqual(expected, actual, "Simple test failed");
}
[Test]
public void BigTest()
{
byte[] array = {
0x00, 0x7F, 0x03, 0x52, 0x00, 0x00, 0x2F, 0x5F, 0x20, 0x0F, 0x43, 0x41, 0x52, 0x44, 0x48, 0x4F,
0x4C, 0x44, 0x45, 0x52, 0x2F, 0x56, 0x49, 0x53, 0x41, 0x9F, 0x1F, 0x07, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30, 0x30,
0x30, 0x30, 0x30};
string expected = "<NUL><DEL><ETX>R<NUL><NUL>/_ <SI>CARDHOLDER/VISA?<US><BEL>0000000";
string actual = array.asciiOctets2String();
Assert.AreEqual(expected, actual, "BigTest Failed");
}
}
您必须创建一个控制字符的表，例如：
Dictionary<byte, string> controlCodes = new Dictionary<byte, string>
{
{ 0x00, "<NUL>" },
{ 0x01, "<SOH>" },
{ 0x02, "<STX>" },
{ 0x03, "<ETX>" },
...
}
你可以使用这个维基百科页面来建立完整的列表。
然后构建你的将是简单的：
var output = String.Join(
string.Empty,
array.Select(b =>
controlCodes.ContainsKey(b)
? controlCodes[b]
: Encoding.ASCII.GetString(new[] { b })));
当然，这一点可以得到显著改善。像这样的东西会更有效率：
string str = string.Empty;
int i = 0, j = 0;
while (i < array.Length && j > -1)
{
j = Array.FindIndex(array, i, b => controlCodes.ContainsKey(b));
if (j > -1)
{
if (j > i)
{
str += Encoding.ASCII.GetString(array, i, j - i);
}
str += controlCodes[array[j]];
i = j + 1;
}
else
{
str += Encoding.ASCII.GetString(array, i, array.Length - i);
}
}
return str;
C#ASCII转换器丢弃7位ASCII范围（0x00–0x7F）之外的任何字符。
如果您有超出该范围的代码点，那么就没有ASCII。使用适当的编码（如UTF-8）。
如果您知道字节数组是ASCII（这意味着它仅包含代码点0x00–0x7F），则根本不需要转换器。像这样的东西会对你有用：
static string asciiOctets2String( byte[] bytes )
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.Length);
foreach ( char c in bytes.Select( b => (char) b ) )
{
switch ( c )
{
case ''u0000' : sb.Append("<NUL>") ; break ;
case ''u0001' : sb.Append("<SOH>") ; break ;
case ''u0002' : sb.Append("<STX>") ; break ;
case ''u0003' : sb.Append("<ETX>") ; break ;
case ''u0004' : sb.Append("<EOT>") ; break ;
case ''u0005' : sb.Append("<ENQ>") ; break ;
case ''u0006' : sb.Append("<ACK>") ; break ;
case ''u0007' : sb.Append("<BEL>") ; break ;
case ''u0008' : sb.Append("<BS>" ) ; break ;
case ''u0009' : sb.Append("<HT>" ) ; break ;
case ''u000A' : sb.Append("<LF>" ) ; break ;
case ''u000B' : sb.Append("<VT>" ) ; break ;
case ''u000C' : sb.Append("<FF>" ) ; break ;
case ''u000D' : sb.Append("<CR>" ) ; break ;
case ''u000E' : sb.Append("<SO>" ) ; break ;
case ''u000F' : sb.Append("<SI>" ) ; break ;
case ''u0010' : sb.Append("<DLE>") ; break ;
case ''u0011' : sb.Append("<DC1>") ; break ;
case ''u0012' : sb.Append("<DC2>") ; break ;
case ''u0013' : sb.Append("<DC3>") ; break ;
case ''u0014' : sb.Append("<DC4>") ; break ;
case ''u0015' : sb.Append("<NAK>") ; break ;
case ''u0016' : sb.Append("<SYN>") ; break ;
case ''u0017' : sb.Append("<ETB>") ; break ;
case ''u0018' : sb.Append("<CAN>") ; break ;
case ''u0019' : sb.Append("<EM>" ) ; break ;
case ''u001A' : sb.Append("<SUB>") ; break ;
case ''u001B' : sb.Append("<ESC>") ; break ;
case ''u001C' : sb.Append("<FS>" ) ; break ;
case ''u001D' : sb.Append("<GS>" ) ; break ;
case ''u001E' : sb.Append("<RS>" ) ; break ;
case ''u001F' : sb.Append("<US>" ) ; break ;
case ''u007F' : sb.Append("<DEL>") ; break ;
default :
if ( c > ''u007F' )
{
sb.AppendFormat( @"'u{0:X4}" , (ushort)c ) ; // in ASCII, any octet in the range 0x80-0xFF doesn't have a character glyph associated with it
}
else
{
sb.Append( c ) ;
}
break ;
}
}
return sb.ToString() ;
}
或者另一种方法，可能比切换更快，也可能比基于字典的方法更快，但可读性较差：
private static string[] controlChars =
{
"<NUL>" , "<SOH>" , "<STX>" , "<ETX>" ,
"<EOT>" , "<ENQ>" , "<ACK>" , "<BEL>" ,
"<BS>" , "<HT>" , "<LF>" , "<VT>" ,
"<FF>" , "<CR>" , "<SO>" , "<SI>" ,
"<DLE>" , "<DC1>" , "<DC2>" , "<DC3>" ,
"<DC4>" , "<NAK>" , "<SYN>" , "<ETB>" ,
"<CAN>" , "<EM>" , "<SUB>" , "<ESC>" ,
"<FS>" , "<GS>" , "<RS>" , "<US>" ,
} ;
static string asciiOctets2String( byte[] bytes )
{
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder(bytes.Length);
foreach ( char c in bytes.Select( b => (char) b ) )
{
if ( c < ''u0020' ) { sb.Append( controlChars[c] ) ; }
else if ( c == ''u007F' ) { sb.Append( "<DEL>" ) ; }
else if ( c > ''u007F' ) { sb.AppendFormat( @"'u{0:X4}" , (ushort)c ) ; }
else /* 0x20-0x7E */ { sb.Append( c ) ; }
}
return sb.ToString() ;
}