在 LINQ 中向实体左联接

本文关键字:实体 LINQ | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:35:10

我正在尝试将LINQ用于实体。

我有以下问题:我希望它这样做:

SELECT 
     T_Benutzer.BE_User
    ,T_Benutzer_Benutzergruppen.BEBG_BE
FROM T_Benutzer
LEFT JOIN T_Benutzer_Benutzergruppen
    ON T_Benutzer_Benutzergruppen.BEBG_BE = T_Benutzer.BE_ID 

我得出的最接近的事情是:

        var lol = (
            from u in Repo.T_Benutzer
            //where u.BE_ID == 1
            from o in Repo.T_Benutzer_Benutzergruppen.DefaultIfEmpty()
                // on u.BE_ID equals o.BEBG_BE
            where (u.BE_ID == o.BEBG_BE || o.BEBG_BE == null)
            //join bg in Repo.T_Benutzergruppen.DefaultIfEmpty()
            //    on o.BEBG_BG equals bg.ID
            //where bg.ID == 899 
            orderby
                u.BE_Name ascending
                //, bg.Name descending
            //select u 
            select new
            {
                 u.BE_User
                ,o.BEBG_BG
                //, bg.Name 
            }
         ).ToList();

但这会产生与内部连接相同的结果,而不是左连接.
此外,它创建了这个完全疯狂的 SQL:

SELECT 
     [Extent1].[BE_ID] AS [BE_ID]
    ,[Extent1].[BE_User] AS [BE_User]
    ,[Join1].[BEBG_BG] AS [BEBG_BG]
FROM  [dbo].[T_Benutzer] AS [Extent1]
CROSS JOIN  
(
    SELECT 
         [Extent2].[BEBG_BE] AS [BEBG_BE]
        ,[Extent2].[BEBG_BG] AS [BEBG_BG]
    FROM ( SELECT 1 AS X ) AS [SingleRowTable1]
    LEFT OUTER JOIN [dbo].[T_Benutzer_Benutzergruppen] AS [Extent2] 
        ON 1 = 1 
) AS [Join1]
WHERE [Extent1].[BE_ID] = [Join1].[BEBG_BE] 
OR [Join1].[BEBG_BE] IS NULL
ORDER BY [Extent1].[BE_Name] ASC

如何在 LINQ-2 实体中以以下方式进行左联接:另一个人仍然可以理解该代码中正在做什么?

最优选的是生成的 SQL 如下所示的位置:

SELECT 
     T_Benutzer.BE_User
    ,T_Benutzer_Benutzergruppen.BEBG_BE
FROM T_Benutzer
LEFT JOIN T_Benutzer_Benutzergruppen
    ON T_Benutzer_Benutzergruppen.BEBG_BE = T_Benutzer.BE_ID 

在 LINQ 中向实体左联接

啊,我自己知道了。
LINQ-2-entities.
的怪癖和夸克这看起来最容易理解:

var query2 = (
    from users in Repo.T_Benutzer
    from mappings in Repo.T_Benutzer_Benutzergruppen
        .Where(mapping => mapping.BEBG_BE == users.BE_ID).DefaultIfEmpty()
    from groups in Repo.T_Benutzergruppen
        .Where(gruppe => gruppe.ID == mappings.BEBG_BG).DefaultIfEmpty()
    //where users.BE_Name.Contains(keyword)
    // //|| mappings.BEBG_BE.Equals(666)  
    //|| mappings.BEBG_BE == 666 
    //|| groups.Name.Contains(keyword)
    select new
    {
         UserId = users.BE_ID
        ,UserName = users.BE_User
        ,UserGroupId = mappings.BEBG_BG
        ,GroupName = groups.Name
    }
);

var xy = (query2).ToList();

删除.DefaultIfEmpty(),你会得到一个内部连接.
这就是我一直在寻找的。

您可以在此处阅读我为 LINQ 中的联接撰写的文章

var query = 
from  u in Repo.T_Benutzer
join bg in Repo.T_Benutzer_Benutzergruppen
    on u.BE_ID equals bg.BEBG_BE
into temp
from j in temp.DefaultIfEmpty()
select new
{
    BE_User = u.BE_User,
    BEBG_BG = (int?)j.BEBG_BG// == null ? -1 : j.BEBG_BG
            //, bg.Name 
}

以下是使用扩展方法的等效项:

var query = 
Repo.T_Benutzer
.GroupJoin
(
    Repo.T_Benutzer_Benutzergruppen,
    x=>x.BE_ID,
    x=>x.BEBG_BE,
    (o,i)=>new {o,i}
)
.SelectMany
(
    x => x.i.DefaultIfEmpty(),
    (o,i) => new
    {
        BE_User = o.o.BE_User,
        BEBG_BG = (int?)i.BEBG_BG
    }
);

也许我稍后会来回答,但现在我正面临这个问题......如果有帮助,还有另一种解决方案(我解决它的方式)。

    var query2 = (
    from users in Repo.T_Benutzer
    join mappings in Repo.T_Benutzer_Benutzergruppen on mappings.BEBG_BE equals users.BE_ID into tmpMapp
    join groups in Repo.T_Benutzergruppen on groups.ID equals mappings.BEBG_BG into tmpGroups
    from mappings in tmpMapp.DefaultIfEmpty()
    from groups in tmpGroups.DefaultIfEmpty()
    select new
    {
         UserId = users.BE_ID
        ,UserName = users.BE_User
        ,UserGroupId = mappings.BEBG_BG
        ,GroupName = groups.Name
    }
);

顺便说一下,我尝试使用Stefan Steiger代码,它也有帮助,但它慢得要慢。

简单的方法是使用let关键字。这对我有用。

from AItem in Db.A
let BItem = Db.B.Where(x => x.id == AItem.id ).FirstOrDefault() 
where SomeCondition
select new YourViewModel
{
    X1 = AItem.a,
    X2 = AItem.b,
    X3 = BItem.c
}

这是左联接的模拟。如果 B 表中的每个项目都与 A 项目不匹配,则 BItem 返回 null

Lambda 语法映射

查询语法解决方案很好,但在某些情况下,lambda 语法解决方案更可取(例如,处理表达式树)。LinqPad 可以方便地将查询语法转换为映射查询的 lambda 语法。通过稍作调整,我们最终得到:

// Left-join in query syntax (as seen in several other answers)
var querySyntax = 
  from o in dbcontext.Outer
  from i in dbcontext.Inner.Where(i => i.ID == o.ID).DefaultIfEmpty()
  select new { o.ID, i.InnerField };
// Maps roughly to:
var lambdaSyntax = dbcontext.Outer
    .SelectMany(
        o => dbcontext.Inner.Where(i => i.ID == o.ID).DefaultIfEmpty(),
        (o, i) => new { o.ID, i.InnerField }
    );

因此,GroupJoin在 lambda 语法中实际上是多余的。官方dotnet/ef6存储库的一个测试用例中也涵盖了 SelectMany + DefaultIfEmpty映射。请参阅SelectMany_with_DefaultIfEmpty_translates_into_left_outer_join

SelectMany和其他JOIN

这里要带走的最重要的事情是,在翻译 SQL JOIN 时,SelectManyJoin更通用。

  • 对于内部联接,您甚至可以使用 SelectMany 而不是 Join 。只需放下.DefaultIfEmpty().

  • 如果您还将Where放在SelectMany中,则可以执行CROSS JOIN

    请参阅如何使用 LINQ to SQL 执行交叉联接?。

自定义扩展方法

使用上面的 Lambda 语句,我们可以在 lambda 语法中创建 Join 扩展方法的类似物:

public static class Ext
{
    // The extension method
    public static IQueryable<TResult> LeftOuterJoin<TOuter, TInner, TKey, TResult>(
        this IQueryable<TOuter> outer, IQueryable<TInner> inner,
        Expression<Func<TOuter, TKey>> outerKeySelector, 
        Expression<Func<TInner, TKey>> innerKeySelector,
        Expression<Func<TOuter, TInner, TResult>> resultSelector)
    {
        // Re-context parameter references in key selector lambdas.
        // Will give scoping issues otherwise
        var oParam = Expression.Parameter(
            typeof(TOuter), 
            outerKeySelector.Parameters[0].Name
        );
        var iParam = Expression.Parameter(
            typeof(TInner), 
            innerKeySelector.Parameters[0].Name
        );
        
        var innerLinqTypeArgs = new Type[]{ typeof(TInner) };
        
        // Maps `inner.Where(i => outerKeySelector body == innerKeySelector body)`
        var whereCall = Expression.Call(
            typeof(Queryable), nameof(Queryable.Where), innerLinqTypeArgs,
            // Capture `inner` arg
            Expression.Constant(inner),
            (Expression<Func<TInner, bool>>)Expression.Lambda(
                SwapParams(
                    Expression.Equal(innerKeySelector.Body, outerKeySelector.Body),
                    new[] { iParam, oParam }
                ),
                iParam
            )
        );
        
        // Maps `(IEnumerable<TRight>)<Where Call>.DefaultIfEmpty()`
        // Cast is required to get SelectMany to work
        var dieCall = Expression.Convert(
            Expression.Call(typeof(Queryable), nameof(Queryable.DefaultIfEmpty), innerLinqTypeArgs, whereCall),
            typeof(IEnumerable<TInner>)
        );
        
        // Maps `o => <DefaultIfEmpty Call>`
        var innerLambda = (Expression<Func<TOuter, IEnumerable<TInner>>>)Expression.Lambda(dieCall, oParam);
        
        return outer.SelectMany(innerLambda, resultSelector);
    }
    
    // Core class used by SwapParams
    private class ParamSwapper : ExpressionVisitor
    {
        public ParameterExpression Replacement;
        
        // Replace if names match, otherwise leave alone.
        protected override Expression VisitParameter(ParameterExpression node)
            => node.Name == Replacement.Name ? Replacement : node;
    }
    
    // Swap out a lambda's parameter references for other parameters
    private static Expression SwapParams(Expression tgt, ParameterExpression[] pExps)
    {
        foreach (var pExp in pExps)
            tgt = new ParamSwapper { Replacement = pExp }.Visit(tgt);
            
        return tgt;
    }
}

示例用法:

dbcontext.Outer
    .LeftOuterJoin(
        dbcontext.Inner, o => o.ID, i => i.ID, 
        (o, i) => new { o.ID, i.InnerField }
    );
当然,它

不会节省大量的类型,但我认为如果你来自SQL背景,它确实使意图更加清晰。

您不仅可以在实体中使用它,还可以在存储过程或其他数据源中使用它:

var customer = (from cus in _billingCommonservice.BillingUnit.CustomerRepository.GetAll()  
                          join man in _billingCommonservice.BillingUnit.FunctionRepository.ManagersCustomerValue()  
                          on cus.CustomerID equals man.CustomerID  
                          // start left join  
                          into a  
                          from b in a.DefaultIfEmpty(new DJBL_uspGetAllManagerCustomer_Result() )  
                          select new { cus.MobileNo1,b.ActiveStatus });  

使用 linq//System.Linq 进行左联接

        Test t = new Test();
        //t.Employees is employee List
        //t.EmployeeDetails is EmployeeDetail List
        var result = from emp in t.Employees
                     join ed in t.EmployeeDetails on emp.Id equals ed.EDId into tmp
                     from final in tmp.DefaultIfEmpty()
                     select new { emp.Id, emp.Name, final?.Address };
        foreach (var r in result)
        {
            Console.WriteLine($"Employee Id: {r.Id}, and Name: {r.Name}, and address is: {r.Address}");
        }