仅为Windows英文版上的字体名称

本文关键字：字体 Windows 英文版 仅为 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 17:57:55

只是好奇，Windows上的字体名称总是有英文名字，还是可以根据用户选择的UI语言进行本地化？

换句话说，Times New Roman在Windows的中文安装上也叫它吗？

仅为Windows英文版上的字体名称

如果字体创建者选择发布特定区域设置的元数据，则字体名称是本地化的，但所有字体都有一个系统已知的名称，通常是PostScript名称，以确保可以以合理的可靠性引用和检索同一字体。

对于OpenType和TrueType字体，可以在OpenType文件的name记录中找到本地化名称。

命名表（OpenType Spec 1.6）@Microsoft排版
字体名称表（TrueType Spec）@Apple

对于PostScript Type 1字体，可以通过其FontName声明定位指定的名称。

Adobe Type 1字体格式@Adobe（PDF）

更新：

我检查了PostScript名称是否可以用于实例化字体，但不幸的是，它不起作用。然而，使用本地化名称（从Mark Ransom评论中的链接中检索到）确实有效。此示例位于C#中。

using System.Drawing;
namespace FontNameCheckApplication
{
    class Program
    {
        [STAThread]
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Font TimesNewRomanByPSName = new Font("TimesNewRomanPSMT", 16f);
            Console.WriteLine("TimesNewRomanPSMT = {0}", TimesNewRomanByPSName.Name);
            Font TimesNewRomanByName = new Font("Times New Roman", 16f);
            Console.WriteLine("Times New Roman = {0}", TimesNewRomanByName.Name);
            Font ArialByPSName = new Font("ArialMT", 16f);
            Console.WriteLine("ArialMT = {0}", ArialByPSName.Name);
            Font ArialByName = new Font("Arial", 16f);
            Console.WriteLine("Arial = {0}", ArialByName.Name);
            Font GulimByEnglishName = new Font("Gulim", 16f);
            Console.WriteLine("Gulim = {0}", GulimByEnglishName.Name);
            Font GulimByKoreanName = new Font("굴림", 16f);
            Console.WriteLine("굴림 = {0}", GulimByKoreanName.Name);
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
    }
}

不幸的是，我们在字体替换上遇到了麻烦，因为"Microsoft Sans Serif"绝对不是Times New Roman也不是Arial。这表示PostScript名称不能可靠地用于引用相同的字体。

这是输出：

TimesNewRomanPSMT = Microsoft Sans Serif
Times New Roman = Times New Roman
ArialMT = Microsoft Sans Serif
Arial = Arial
Gulim = Gulim
?? = Gulim

更新#2：

下面是Win32的一个示例。

需要注意的一点是CreateFontIndirect()会被替换。在运行这个示例时，我从未得到过一个空句柄，即使对于PostScript名称也是如此。要查看是否可以获得未替换的匹配，我们应该使用EnumFontFamiliesEx()扫描可用的系统字体列表。我们得到了与C#相同的结果，但没有替换。对于某些字体，结果可能取决于图形模式设置（请参阅SetGraphicsMode()/GM_ADVANCED）。

LOGFONT结构（Windows）@MSDN
CreateFontIndirect函数（Windows）@MSDN
SetGraphicsMode函数（Windows）@MSDN
EnumFontFamiliesEx函数（Windows）@MSDN
EnumFontFamExProc回调函数（Windows）@MSDN

#include "stdafx.h"
#include <Windows.h>
void TestCreateFont(LPCTSTR lpczFontName, BYTE bCharSet)
{
  LOGFONT lf;
  lf.lfHeight = 0;
  lf.lfWidth = 0;
  lf.lfEscapement = 0;
  lf.lfOrientation = 0;
  lf.lfWeight = FW_DONTCARE;
  lf.lfItalic = FALSE;
  lf.lfUnderline = FALSE;
  lf.lfStrikeOut = FALSE;
  lf.lfCharSet = bCharSet;
  lf.lfOutPrecision = OUT_OUTLINE_PRECIS;
  lf.lfClipPrecision = CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS;
  lf.lfQuality = DEFAULT_QUALITY;
  lf.lfPitchAndFamily = DEFAULT_PITCH;  
  // NOTE: LF_FACESIZE = 32, WinGdi.h
  _tcsncpy_s(lf.lfFaceName, 32, lpczFontName, _tcsnlen(lpczFontName, 32));
  HFONT hf = ::CreateFontIndirect(&lf);
  // NOTE: LF_FACESIZE = 32, WinGdi.h
  _tprintf_s(_T("TestCreateFont:'r'n%.32s = %.32s, bCharSet=%d, HFONT=0x%8.8x'r'n'r'n"), lpczFontName, lf.lfFaceName, bCharSet, hf);
  ::DeleteObject(hf);
}
int CALLBACK MyEnumFontFamExProc(const LOGFONT *lpelfe, const TEXTMETRIC *lpntme, DWORD FontType, LPARAM lParam)
{
  _tprintf_s(_T("  Found: %.32s, bCharSet=%d'r'n"), lpelfe->lfFaceName, lpelfe->lfCharSet);
  return 1;
}
void TestEnumFontFamiliesEx(LPCTSTR lpczFontName, BYTE bCharSet)
{
  LOGFONT lf;
  lf.lfHeight = 0;
  lf.lfWidth = 0;
  lf.lfEscapement = 0;
  lf.lfOrientation = 0;
  lf.lfWeight = FW_DONTCARE;
  lf.lfItalic = FALSE;
  lf.lfUnderline = FALSE;
  lf.lfStrikeOut = FALSE;
  lf.lfCharSet = bCharSet;
  lf.lfOutPrecision = OUT_OUTLINE_PRECIS;
  lf.lfClipPrecision = CLIP_DEFAULT_PRECIS;
  lf.lfQuality = DEFAULT_QUALITY;
  lf.lfPitchAndFamily = DEFAULT_PITCH; // NOTE: DEFAULT_PITCH = 0, WinGdi.h
  // NOTE: LF_FACESIZE = 32, WinGdi.h
  _tcsncpy_s(lf.lfFaceName, 32, lpczFontName, _tcsnlen(lpczFontName, 32));
  _tprintf_s(_T("TestEnumFontFamiliesEx: %.32s, bCharSet=%d'r'n"), lpczFontName, bCharSet);
  HDC hdcAll = GetDC(NULL);
  ::EnumFontFamiliesEx(hdcAll, &lf, &MyEnumFontFamExProc, 0, 0);
}
int _tmain(int argc, _TCHAR* argv[])
{
  TestCreateFont(_T("TimesNewRomanPSMT"), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
  TestCreateFont(_T("Times New Roman"), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
  TestCreateFont(_T("ArialMT"), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
  TestCreateFont(_T("Arial"), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
  TestCreateFont(_T("Gulim"), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
  TestCreateFont(_T("굴림"), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
  TestEnumFontFamiliesEx(_T("TimesNewRomanPSMT"), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
  TestEnumFontFamiliesEx(_T("Times New Roman"), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
  TestEnumFontFamiliesEx(_T("ArialMT"), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
  TestEnumFontFamiliesEx(_T("Arial"), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
  TestEnumFontFamiliesEx(_T("Gulim"), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
  TestEnumFontFamiliesEx(_T("굴림"), DEFAULT_CHARSET);
  return 0;
}

结果如下：

TestCreateFont:
TimesNewRomanPSMT = TimesNewRomanPSMT, bCharSet=1, HFONT=0xda0a117c
TestCreateFont:
Times New Roman = Times New Roman, bCharSet=1, HFONT=0xdb0a117c
TestCreateFont:
ArialMT = ArialMT, bCharSet=1, HFONT=0xdc0a117c
TestCreateFont:
Arial = Arial, bCharSet=1, HFONT=0xdd0a117c
TestCreateFont:
Gulim = Gulim, bCharSet=1, HFONT=0xde0a117c
TestCreateFont:
?? = ??, bCharSet=1, HFONT=0xdf0a117c
TestEnumFontFamiliesEx: TimesNewRomanPSMT, bCharSet=1
TestEnumFontFamiliesEx: Times New Roman, bCharSet=1
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=0
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=177
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=178
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=161
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=162
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=186
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=238
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=204
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=163
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=0
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=177
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=161
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=162
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=186
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=238
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=204
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=163
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=0
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=177
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=178
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=161
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=162
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=186
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=238
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=204
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=163
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=0
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=177
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=161
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=162
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=186
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=238
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=204
  Found: Times New Roman, bCharSet=163
TestEnumFontFamiliesEx: ArialMT, bCharSet=1
TestEnumFontFamiliesEx: Arial, bCharSet=1
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=0
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=177
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=178
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=161
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=162
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=186
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=238
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=204
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=163
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=0
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=177
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=161
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=162
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=186
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=238
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=204
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=163
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=0
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=177
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=178
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=161
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=162
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=186
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=238
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=204
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=163
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=0
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=177
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=161
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=162
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=186
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=238
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=204
  Found: Arial, bCharSet=163
TestEnumFontFamiliesEx: Gulim, bCharSet=1
  Found: Gulim, bCharSet=0
  Found: Gulim, bCharSet=129
  Found: Gulim, bCharSet=161
  Found: Gulim, bCharSet=162
  Found: Gulim, bCharSet=186
  Found: Gulim, bCharSet=238
  Found: Gulim, bCharSet=204
TestEnumFontFamiliesEx: ??, bCharSet=1
  Found: Gulim, bCharSet=0
  Found: Gulim, bCharSet=129
  Found: Gulim, bCharSet=161
  Found: Gulim, bCharSet=162
  Found: Gulim, bCharSet=186
  Found: Gulim, bCharSet=238
  Found: Gulim, bCharSet=204

以下是wingdi.h中CharSet值的一个片段。

#define ANSI_CHARSET            0
#define DEFAULT_CHARSET         1
#define SYMBOL_CHARSET          2
#define SHIFTJIS_CHARSET        128
#define HANGEUL_CHARSET         129
#define HANGUL_CHARSET          129
#define GB2312_CHARSET          134
#define CHINESEBIG5_CHARSET     136
#define OEM_CHARSET             255
#define JOHAB_CHARSET           130
#define HEBREW_CHARSET          177
#define ARABIC_CHARSET          178
#define GREEK_CHARSET           161
#define TURKISH_CHARSET         162
#define VIETNAMESE_CHARSET      163
#define THAI_CHARSET            222
#define EASTEUROPE_CHARSET      238
#define RUSSIAN_CHARSET         204
#define MAC_CHARSET             77
#define BALTIC_CHARSET          186
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