从数组中获取特定信息

本文关键字：信息 获取 数组 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:02:50

下面是我写的代码。我要做的是输入3个球员的名字和他们的进球数。然后，应用程序应该输出进球最多的球员的名字和进球数。此外，应用程序应该输出最低进球数和平均进球数。我可以得到最大进球数，但我不知道如何将球员的名字与进球数联系起来。同样，当我尝试获得最低得分时，我总是得到0的值。谢谢你的帮助。

 {
        string []player = new string[20];
        double [] goalsScored = new double[20];
        int numberOfPlayers;
        Console.WriteLine("Enter the number of players:");
        numberOfPlayers = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
        for (int i = 0; i < numberOfPlayers; i++)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Enter a players name:");
            player[i]= Console.ReadLine();
            Console.WriteLine("Goals scored so far this season");
            goalsScored [i] = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
        }
        double max = goalsScored.Max();         
        double sum = goalsScored.Sum();
        double average = sum / numberOfPlayers;
        Console.WriteLine("Top player is: {0} with {1} goals", player, max);
        Console.WriteLine("The average goals scored was:{0}",average);
        double min = goalsScored.Min();
        Console.WriteLine("The lowest goals scored was: {0}", min);
        Console.ReadLine();
    }
}

}

从数组中获取特定信息

你应该先得到球员的数量，然后用这个数字创建你的数组。

例如:

string[] player = new string[numberOfPlayers];

这也许可以解释为什么你的最低分数总是0。如果您的数组包含空点(如果您输入的球员/分数少于20)。

为了"链接"球员的名字和他的进球，你应该使用Player类，这样你就可以有一个Player对象数组，并将其用于得分和名字。然后你会得到这样的结果:

    Console.WriteLine("Top player is: {0} with {1} goals", topPlayer.name, topPlayer.score);

使用数组不容易做到这一点。你可以使用字典，它可以让你查找球员的名字并获得进球。事实上，这种值的配对就是字典的作用:

//declare a dictionary string, int. The "string" is the name which we look up to get the 
//second data point of "int", which will be the number of goals
Dictionary<string, int> playerGoals = new Dictionary<string, int>();
//add a couple of players, and their goal tally
playerGoals.Add("Gianfranco Zola", 44);
playerGoals.Add("Wayne Rooney", 77);
//use the string name to retrieve the int value
int rooneyGoals = playerGoals["Wayne Rooney"];
//rooneyGoals is now 77

快速浏览你的原始代码-类似这样的东西应该可以工作:

    Dictionary<string, int> playerGoals = new Dictionarty<string, int>()'
    int numberOfPlayers;
    Console.WriteLine("Enter the number of players:");
    numberOfPlayers = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
    for (int i = 0; i < numberOfPlayers; i++)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("Enter a players name:");
        string playerName = Console.ReadLine();
        Console.WriteLine("Goals scored so far this season");
        int goalsScored = int.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
        playerGoals.Add(playerName, goalsScored);
    }
    double max = playerGoals.Values.Max();        
    double sum = playerGoals.Values.Sum();
    double average = sum / numberOfPlayers;
    Console.WriteLine("Top player is: {0} with {1} goals", player, max);
    Console.WriteLine("The average goals scored was:{0}",average);
    double min = playerGoals.Values.Min(); 
    Console.WriteLine("The lowest goals scored was: {0}", min);
    Console.ReadLine();

Linq solution:)

var players = player.Zip(goalsScored, (n,g) => new { Name = n, Goals = g });
var topGoalscorer = players.OrderByDescending(p => p.Goals).First();
var misser = players.OrderBy(p => p.Goals).First();
topGoalscorer.Goals // max goals
topGoalscorer.Name  // player name

使用目标值:

string playerName = player[Array.IndexOf(goalsScored, min)];

替代解决方案:

int maxScoredGoals = -1;
string topGoalscorer = "";
for(int i = 0; i < numberOfPlayes; i++)
{
   if (goalsScored[i] <= maxScoredGoals)
       continue;
    maxScoredGoals = goalsScored[i];
    topGoalsocrer = player[i];
}

建议:使用单一数据结构保存相关数据，即球员姓名和进球数

public class Player
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public int Goals { get; set; }
}

也使用泛型集合代替数组:

List<Player> players = new List<Player>();

填充集合:

for(int i = 0; i < numberOfPlayers; i++)
{
    var player = new Player();
    player.Name = Console.ReadLine();
    player.Goals = Int32.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
    players.Add(player);
}

获得最佳射手:

var topGoalscorer = players.OrderByDescending(p => p.Goals).First().Name;

或MoreLINQ:

var topGoalscorer = players.MaxBy(p => p.Goals).Name;

您可以使用间接排序使用Array.Sort(goalsScored, players);保持同步的第二个数组，同时排序数组。其他问题在下面的代码注释中得到解决。

var numberOfPlayers = Int32.Parse(Console.ReadLine());
// Allocate the arrays with the correct size; in your code numberOfPlayers
// larger than 20 will cause trouble.
var players = new String[numberOfPlayers];
var goalsScored = new Double[numberOfPlayers];
// Fill the arrays as in your code.
// This will sort the goalsScored array and simultaneously
// bring the players array into the same order; that is called
// indirect sorting.  
Array.Sort(goalsScored, players);
// The maximum number of goals scored and the associated player
// are now in the last array position.
var topPlayer = players.Last();
var maxNumberGoals = goalsScored.Last();
// You always got 0 because you always allocated arrays of size
// 20 and if you have less than 20 players all the superfluous
// entries in the array just have their default value of 0 making
// the minimum in the array 0. 
var minNumberGoals = goalsScored.First();
var totalNumberGoals = goalsScored.Sum();
var averageNumberGoals = goalsScored.Average();

不幸的是，只有开箱即用的数组支持这一点，而它可能更好地使用列表，只是添加新的球员和分数，直到用户说没有更多的球员可以输入，而不是强迫用户提前输入球员的数量。

其他答案建议使用更面向对象的设计，并将球员和进球组合到一个类中，或者至少使用字典，我真的建议相同，但我不会麻烦重复这里的答案。

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