是否可以在序列化期间为类型定义自己的转换

本文关键字：类型 定义 自己的 转换 序列化 是否 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:05:42

我在一个类型上使用[DataContract]属性使其可序列化。有些属性/字段属于结构类型，我不想按原样序列化，但希望严格使用自定义类型进行序列化。

如何用类型代替序列化?

是否可以在序列化期间为类型定义自己的转换

当您在。net中使用[DataContract]属性时，您通常最终使用DataContractSerializer序列化该类型。DataContractSerializer具有只读属性DataContractSurrogate。这个属性是一个IDataContractSurrogate接口。(只读属性可以在构造函数上或通过DataContractSerializerSettings类型设置)

该接口包含在序列化期间将一种类型转换为另一种类型的逻辑。接口提供了8个方法，但要在序列化和反序列化期间将一种类型转换为另一种类型，实际上只需要实现3个。下面是实现接口的类的基本结构，您可以在其中替换类型和转换逻辑。

internal class SerializerSurrogate : IDataContractSurrogate
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Identifies a type transformation.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="type">The type being inspected.</param>
    /// <returns>The type to transform to. If the same type is used, transform does not happen.</returns>
    public Type GetDataContractType(Type type)
    {
        if (type == typeof(sourceType))
            return typeof(targetType);
        return type;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// During serialization, transfrom from sourceType to targetType.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="obj">The object instance.</param>
    /// <param name="targetType">The source type.</param>
    /// <returns>A new object instance based on targetType.</returns>
    public object GetObjectToSerialize(object obj, Type targetType)
    {
        if (obj is sourceType)
        {
            // Create instance of targetType from the obj variable which is sourceType
            // Set the properties of the targetType, based on the (sourceType)obj variable.
            return new targetType();
        }
        return obj;
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// During deserialization, transform from targetType to sourceType.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="obj">The object instance.</param>
    /// <param name="targetType">The target type.</param>
    /// <returns>A new object instance based on sourceType.</returns>
    public object GetDeserializedObject(object obj, Type targetType)
    {
        if (obj is targetType)
        {
            // Create instance of sourceType from the obj variable which is targetType
            // Set the properties of the sourceType, based on the (targetType)obj variable.
            return new sourceType();
        }
        return obj;
    }
    public object GetCustomDataToExport(Type clrType, Type dataContractType)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
    public object GetCustomDataToExport(MemberInfo memberInfo, Type dataContractType)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
    public void GetKnownCustomDataTypes(Collection<Type> customDataTypes)
    {
        throw new NotImplementedException();
    }
    public Type GetReferencedTypeOnImport(string typeName, string typeNamespace, object customData)
    {
        return null;
    }
    public CodeTypeDeclaration ProcessImportedType(CodeTypeDeclaration typeDeclaration, CodeCompileUnit compileUnit)
    {
        return null;
    }
}
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