在foreach循环中插入列表时如何处理事务

本文关键字:何处理 处理 事务 循环 foreach 插入 列表 插入列 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:06:10

我在我的DAL中有这个方法,它将列表中的所有对象插入到foreach循环中的表中。但是问题是处理事务的方式是,如果列表中的任何项不能插入,那么整个过程应该回滚。有办法处理这个问题,还是我必须改变方法?

public bool InsertEarnings(List<Earning> earningsList)
{
    using (SqlConnection sqlConnection = new SqlConnection(db.GetConnectionString))
    {
        string insertStatement = "IF NOT EXISTS (SELECT * FROM SalaryTrans WHERE employee_id=@employee_id) " +
        "BEGIN INSERT INTO salaryTrans... " + 
        "ELSE BEGIN UPDATE SalaryTrans SET" ;
        using (SqlCommand sqlCommand = new SqlCommand(insertStatement, sqlConnection))
        {
            SqlParameter paramEmployeeID = new SqlParameter("@employee_id", SqlDbType.Char);
            SqlParameter paramWorDays = new SqlParameter("@work_days", SqlDbType.Int);
            //

            sqlCommand.Parameters.Add(paramEmployeeID);
            sqlCommand.Parameters.Add(paramWorDays);
            //
            sqlConnection.Open();                    
            foreach (Earning earning in earningsList)
            {
                paramEmployeeID.Value = earning.EmployeeID;
                paramWorDays.Value = earning.WorkDays;
                //
                sqlCommand.ExecuteNonQuery();
            }
            return true;
        }
    }
}

在foreach循环中插入列表时如何处理事务

看这个示例,在表中coach所有字段nvarchar(50)IdCoche是PrimaryKey,表为空

  private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        //Reading conection from App Settings
        //this insert values from 20 to 29
        ExecuteSqlTransaction(Settings.Default.Conexion,20);
        //this must insert values from 15 to 24
        //But at 20 a PrimaryKey infraction raise exception and rollback
        ExecuteSqlTransaction(Settings.Default.Conexion, 15);
    }
private static void ExecuteSqlTransaction(string connectionString,int start)
{
    using (SqlConnection connection = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
    {
        connection.Open();
        SqlCommand command = connection.CreateCommand();
        SqlTransaction transaction;
        transaction = connection.BeginTransaction("SampleTransaction");
        // Must assign both transaction object and connection 
        // to Command object for a pending local transaction
        command.Connection = connection;
        command.Transaction = transaction;
        command.CommandText = "INSERT INTO [dbo].[Coches] ([IdCoche],[Marca],[Modelo],[Version]) VALUES (@IdCoche,@Marca,@Modelo,@Version)";
        command.Parameters.AddRange(new SqlParameter[]{
                new SqlParameter("@IdCoche",""),
                new SqlParameter("@Marca",""),
                new SqlParameter("@Modelo",""),
                new SqlParameter("@Version","")
            });
        try
        {
            for (int i = start; i < start + 10; i++)
            {
                command.Parameters["@IdCoche"].Value = "IdCoche"+i.ToString();
                command.Parameters["@Marca"].Value = "Marca" + i.ToString(); ;
                command.Parameters["@Modelo"].Value = "Modelo" + i.ToString(); ;
                command.Parameters["@Version"].Value = "Version" + i.ToString(); ;
                command.ExecuteNonQuery();
            }
            // Attempt to commit the transaction.
            transaction.Commit();
            Console.WriteLine("10 records are written to database.");
        }
        catch (Exception ex)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("Commit Exception Type: {0}", ex.GetType());
            Console.WriteLine("  Message: {0}", ex.Message);
            // Attempt to roll back the transaction. 
            try
            {
                transaction.Rollback();
            }
            catch (Exception ex2)
            {
                // This catch block will handle any errors that may have occurred 
                // on the server that would cause the rollback to fail, such as 
                // a closed connection.
                Console.WriteLine("Rollback Exception Type: {0}", ex2.GetType());
                Console.WriteLine("  Message: {0}", ex2.Message);
            }
        }
    }
}

你所做的是非常低效的,因为你正在为"if"做查询。

如果每个员工只能有一条记录,那么字段employee_id应该是唯一的,并且,如果您将查询替换为"INSERT INTO ...."ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE…"将会更快(取决于你的记录计数),并且在不能插入一行时不会中断。

在这个链接中,他们描述了一些看起来像你正在尝试做的事情。而不是使用SqlCommand他建议使用SqlTransaction这样你可以运行你的插入,如果所有成功使用transaction.Commit否则transaction.Rollback

希望有帮助

如果你使用c#代码发起的事务,它将触发MSDTC,这有很多开销,应该尽可能避免。如果有机会,请使用一个存储过程,它接受一个表参数,使用SQL Command构建和提交表,并在数据库中执行事务控制,而不是使用分布式事务协调器会话。我还建议使用MERGE语法。