c#反射:获取类和基类所有成员的信息

本文关键字：成员 信息 基类 反射 获取 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:06:27

当我运行以下代码时，它只返回MethodInfo/FieldInfo/等。它直接属于我正在其中搜索信息对象的Type。我如何找到info对象，而不管它驻留在基类中并且可能是私有的?

obj.GetType().GetMethod(methodName, bindingFlags);

c#反射:获取类和基类所有成员的信息

嗯，你回答了你自己的问题，但据我所知，你的主要要求是How do I find the info object regardless of where it is found in the hierarchy?

在这里不需要递归来获得完整层次结构中的所有成员。你可以在Type上使用GetMembers函数，它将返回所有成员，包括所有基类。

下一个代码示例演示了这一点:

var names = 
    typeof(MyClass).GetMembers()
                   .Select (x => x.Name);
Console.WriteLine (string.Join(Environment.NewLine, names));

表示这种结构

class MyClass : Base
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
    public string Surname { get; set; }
}
class Base
{
    public string Name { get; set; }
}

返回
get_Name
set_Name
get_Surname
set_Surname
get_Name
set_Name
ToString
Equals
GetHashCode
GetType
.ctor
Name
Surname

注意，auto-property的get_Name访问器出现了两次，因为MyClass隐藏了基类的Name属性。还要注意ToString, GetType和其他方法，在object类

中定义

如果在子类中没有找到info对象，下面的代码将遍历对象的每个基类。请注意，虽然它将返回基类info对象，但它将返回它"首先遇到"的对象，所以如果你在子类中有一个名为_blah的变量，在基类中有一个名为_blah的变量，那么将返回子类中的_blah。

public static MethodInfo GetMethodInfo(this Type objType, string methodName, BindingFlags flags, bool isFirstTypeChecked = true)
{
    MethodInfo methodInfo = objType.GetMethod(methodName, flags);
    if (methodInfo == null && objType.BaseType != null)
    {
        methodInfo = objType.BaseType.GetMethodInfo(methodName, flags, false);
    }
    if (methodInfo == null && isFirstTypeChecked)
    {
        throw new MissingMethodException(String.Format("Method {0}.{1} could not be found with the following BindingFlags: {2}", objType.ReflectedType.FullName, methodName, flags.ToString()));
    }
    return methodInfo;
}
public static FieldInfo GetFieldInfo(this Type objType, string fieldName, BindingFlags flags, bool isFirstTypeChecked = true)
{
    FieldInfo fieldInfo = objType.GetField(fieldName, flags);
    if (fieldInfo == null && objType.BaseType != null)
    {
        fieldInfo = objType.BaseType.GetFieldInfo(fieldName, flags, false);
    }
    if (fieldInfo == null && isFirstTypeChecked)
    {
        throw new MissingFieldException(String.Format("Field {0}.{1} could not be found with the following BindingFlags: {2}", objType.ReflectedType.FullName, fieldName, flags.ToString()));
    }
    return fieldInfo;
}

我修改了bsara的实现，以便能够查找private成员。

我这样使用它:

public static void Save(string filename, object obj)
{
    try
    {
        using Stream s = new FileStream(filename, FileMode.Create, FileAccess.Write, FileShare.None);
        var b = new BinaryFormatter();
        b.Serialize(s, obj);
    }
    catch(SerializationException e)
    {
        var type= e.Message.Split("in Assembly")[0].Replace("Type", string.Empty).Replace("'", string.Empty).Trim();
        var assembly=e.Message.Split("in Assembly")[1].Split("'")[1];
        var atype= Type.GetType(type);
        string path = FindObject(new Stack<object>(new object[] { obj }), atype, "[myself]");
        throw new SerializationException($"Could not serialize path {path} in {obj.GetType().Name} due to not being able to process {type} from {assembly}. see inner exception for details", e);
    }            
}

方法与一个小的更新:

private static bool TrySerialize(object obj)
{
    if(obj == null)
        return true;
    var stream = new MemoryStream();
    var bf = new BinaryFormatter();
    try
    {
        bf.Serialize(stream, obj);
    }
    catch(SerializationException)
    {
        return false;
    }
    return true;
}
private static string FindObject(Stack<object> self, Type typeToFind, string path)
{
    var _self = self.Peek();
    if(self.Where(x => x.Equals(_self)).Count() > 1) return null;
    foreach(var prop in _self.GetType().GetMembers(BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.NonPublic).Where(x => !x.GetCustomAttributes(true).Any(y => y is XmlIgnoreAttribute)))
    {
        switch(prop.MemberType)
        {
            case System.Reflection.MemberTypes.Property:
                {
                    var line = string.Format("{0}::{1}", path, prop.Name);
                    var _prop = prop as PropertyInfo;
                    if(_prop.GetIndexParameters().Count() > 0) break;
                    if(typeToFind.IsAssignableFrom(_prop.PropertyType))
                        return line;

                    if(_prop.PropertyType.IsPrimitive || _prop.PropertyType == typeof(DateTime) || _prop.PropertyType == typeof(string))
                        continue;
                    var subInst = _prop.GetValue(_self, new object[0]);
                    if(subInst == null)
                        continue;
                    if(!TrySerialize(subInst))
                    {
                        System.Diagnostics.Debugger.Log(0, "", string.Format("Cannot serialize {0}'n", line));
                    }
                    self.Push(subInst);
                    var result = FindObject(self, typeToFind, line);
                    self.Pop();
                    if(result != null)
                        return result;
                }
                break;
            case System.Reflection.MemberTypes.Field:
                {
                    var line = string.Format("{0}::*{1}", path, prop.Name);
                    var _prop = prop as FieldInfo;
                    if(typeToFind.IsAssignableFrom(_prop.FieldType))
                        return line;
                    if(_prop.FieldType.IsPrimitive || _prop.FieldType == typeof(DateTime) || _prop.FieldType == typeof(string))
                        continue;
                    var subInst = _prop.GetValue(_self);
                    if(subInst == null)
                        continue;
                    if(!TrySerialize(subInst))
                    {
                        System.Diagnostics.Debugger.Log(0, "", string.Format("Cannot serialize field {0}'n", line));
                    }
                    self.Push(subInst);
                    var result = FindObject(self, typeToFind, line);
                    self.Pop();
                    if(result != null)
                        return result;
                }
                break;
            case System.Reflection.MemberTypes.Event:
                {
                    var line = string.Format("{0}::!{1}", path, prop.Name);
                    var _prop = prop as EventInfo;

                    if(typeToFind.IsAssignableFrom(_prop.EventHandlerType))
                        return line;
                    var field =  _self.GetType().GetField(_prop.Name,
                BindingFlags.NonPublic |BindingFlags.Instance |BindingFlags.GetField);

                    if(field != null && !field.GetCustomAttributes(true).Any(x => x is NonSerializedAttribute)  && !TrySerialize(field.GetValue(_self)))
                    {
                        System.Diagnostics.Debugger.Log(0, "", string.Format("Cannot serialize event {0}'n", line));
                    }

                }
                break;
            case System.Reflection.MemberTypes.Custom:
                {
                }
                break;
            default: break;
        }

    }
    if(_self is IEnumerable)
    {
        var list = (_self as IEnumerable).Cast<object>();
        var index = 0;
        foreach(var item in list)
        {
            index++;
            self.Push(item);
            var result = FindObject(self, typeToFind, string.Format("{0}[{1}]", path, index));
            self.Pop();
            if(result != null)
                return result;
        }
    }
    return null;
}
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