当用Moq模拟HttpApplicationState时，似乎不能设置对象

本文关键字：不能 设置 对象 Moq 模拟 HttpApplicationState 当用 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:07:01

我有一个动作过滤器，它在过滤器上下文的HttpContext的HttpApplicationState中设置一个对象。我想在单元测试中具有此功能，但由于某种原因，对象没有在底层NameObjectCollectionBase中设置，HttpApplicationState从中派生。

我知道这个功能是有效的，因为当我运行MVC应用程序时，它按预期工作。

我如何设置我的测试，让它设置对象在应用程序状态?我使用Moq，这里是一些代码到目前为止。

失败
Asset.IsNotNull(context.HttpContext.Application["config"]);

代码如下:

public override void OnActionExecuted(ActionExecutedContext filterContext)
{
    ControllerBase controller = filterContext.Controller;
    if (!(controller is ApplicationController))
        return;
    ApplicationController applicationController = (ApplicationController) controller;
    IDictionary<string, string> config;
    // Loads the view configuration values.
    if (filterContext.HttpContext.Application["config"] == null)
    {
        config = applicationController.ApplicationService.GetConfiguration();
        filterContext.HttpContext.Application["config"] = config;
    }
    else
    {
        config = (IDictionary<string, string>) filterContext.HttpContext.Application["config"];
    }
    applicationController.ViewBag.BlogTitle = AddConfigurationValueToViewBag("BlogTitle", config);
}

这是目前为止的测试。

[TestMethod]
public void ApplicationAttribute_OnActionExecuted_SetsConfigurationDctionaryInAppicationCache()
{
    // Arrange
    Mock<HttpContextBase> httpContext = new Mock<HttpContextBase>();
    var mockApplicationState = new Mock<HttpApplicationStateBase>();
    httpContext.Setup(h => h.Application).Returns(mockApplicationState.Object);
    ApplicationController applicationController = new BlogController(null, null, MocksAndStubs.CreateMockApplicationService());
    Mock<ActionExecutedContext> actionExecutedContext = new Mock<ActionExecutedContext>();
    actionExecutedContext.SetupGet(c => c.HttpContext).Returns(httpContext.Object);
    actionExecutedContext.SetupGet(c => c.Controller).Returns(applicationController);
    // Act
    ApplicationAttribute applicationAttribute = new ApplicationAttribute();
    ActionExecutedContext context = actionExecutedContext.Object;
    applicationAttribute.OnActionExecuted(context);
    // Assert
    Assert.IsNotNull(context.HttpContext.Application["config"]);
}

当用Moq模拟HttpApplicationState时，似乎不能设置对象

看起来您希望您的模拟对象或多或少地像真实对象一样。事实并非如此;mock只会做你让它做的事，不多也不少。如果在调用时不告诉mock返回特定的内容…

context.HttpContext.Application["config"]

…那么它就不会。如果您确实设置了mock来返回特定的内容，那么它将破坏测试的目的。

没有任何额外的理解或您的情况(测试策略的"什么"answers"为什么")，看起来您正在尝试确保调用应用程序状态上的设置。我建议使用mockApplicationState.Verify()作为断言来测试是否发生，而不是测试对象本身的结果状态。

编辑:

Verify()允许您断言/确保调用了一个方法(或属性方法)，无论是否有条件。这应该可以让你开始:

http://code.google.com/p/moq/wiki/QuickStart验证

所以你的验证看起来像这样(完全未经测试!):

mockApplicationState.Verify(x => x["config"] == [expected value], Times.Once());

这基本上表示如果mockApplicationState["config"]被设置为期望值少于一次或多于一次，则测试失败。

我假设HttpApplicationStateBase不是密封的。

作为MOQ的替代方案，我经常在这种情况下生成一些从System.Web.Abstractions中的基类派生的存根。我经常在MVC应用程序中使用这种技术，因为MVC/WebApi控制器包含对HttpContext (HttpContextBase)的抽象

这样我可以在我的单元/集成测试中存根HttpContext需求，这里有一个示例…

public class MockHttpApplicationState : HttpApplicationStateBase
{
    private IDictionary<string, object> _appState = new Dictionary<string, object>();
    public override void Add(string name, object value)
    {
        _appState.Add(name, value);
    }
    public override object Get(string name)
    {
        return _appState[name];
    }
    public override object this[string name]
    {
        get
        {
            return _appState[name];
        }
        set
        {
            _appState[name] = value;
        }
    }
}
public class MockHttpContext : HttpContextBase
{
    private IDictionary<string, object> _appKeys;
    public MockHttpContext()
    {
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// Accepts a dictionary of app keys to supply to the HttpApplicationState instance
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="applicationState"></param>
    public MockHttpContext(IDictionary<string,object> applicationState)
    {
        _appKeys = applicationState;
    }
    public override Cache Cache
    {
        get
        {                
            return HttpRuntime.Cache;
        }
    }
    public override HttpApplicationStateBase Application
    {
        get
        {
            var mockAppState = new MockHttpApplicationState();
            foreach (string key in _appKeys.Keys)
            {
                mockAppState.Add(key, _appKeys[key]);
            }
            return mockAppState;
        }
    }
    public override HttpRequestBase Request
    {
        get
        {
            return new HttpRequestWrapper(new HttpRequest(null,"http://localhost",null));
        }
    }
}
然后我的测试可以建立控制器和Http上下文: 
private readonly OnlineShop.MVC.Controllers.HomeController _controller = 
        new MVC.Controllers.HomeController(null,new UnitOfWork());
    [OneTimeSetUp]
    public void Init()
    {
        var appKeys = new Dictionary<string, object>();
        appKeys.Add("localhost", 1);
        var httpContext = new MockHttpContext(appKeys);
        _controller.ControllerContext = new ControllerContext()
        {
            Controller = _controller,
            RequestContext = new RequestContext(httpContext, new RouteData())    
        };                        
    }
    [Test]
    public void Index_Returns_HomeView()
    {            
        var view = _controller.Index() as ViewResult;
        var viewModel = view.Model as MVC.ViewModels.Home;
        Assert.IsInstanceOf<OnlineShop.MVC.ViewModels.Home>(viewModel);
        Assert.IsTrue(viewModel.FeaturedProducts.Count > 0);
    }

我的控制器意识到它的环境HttpContextBase实例提供缓存和应用程序状态:

  public ActionResult Index()
    {                        
        string cacheKey = string.Format("FeaturedProducts-{0}",WebsiteId);
        IList<Product> productList = this.HttpContext.Cache[cacheKey] as IList<Product>;

        //My app keeps a list of website contexts in the Application. This test returns 1 based on the unit / int tests or a real world db value when hosted on IIS etc..
        int websiteId = (int)HttpContext.Application[this.Request.Url.Host];
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