我如何获得运行Visual Studio实例的DTE

使用正在运行的对象表获取所有实例，然后选择需要的实例

我不认为你能做得比这更好。它类似于将调试器附加到VS实例的方式。你必须从一个列表中选择一个。

IEnumerable<DTE> GetInstances()
{
    IRunningObjectTable rot;
    IEnumMoniker enumMoniker;
    int retVal = GetRunningObjectTable(0, out rot);
    if (retVal == 0)
    {
        rot.EnumRunning(out enumMoniker);
        uint fetched = uint.MinValue;
        IMoniker[] moniker = new IMoniker[1];
        while (enumMoniker.Next(1, moniker, out fetched) == 0)
        {
            IBindCtx bindCtx;
            CreateBindCtx(0, out bindCtx);
            string displayName;
            moniker[0].GetDisplayName(bindCtx, null, out displayName);
            Console.WriteLine("Display Name: {0}", displayName);
            bool isVisualStudio = displayName.StartsWith("!VisualStudio");
            if (isVisualStudio)
            {
               object obj;
               rot.GetObject(moniker[0], out obj);
               var dte = obj as DTE;
               yield return dte;
            }
        }
    }
}
[DllImport("ole32.dll")]
private static extern void CreateBindCtx(int reserved, out IBindCtx ppbc);
[DllImport("ole32.dll")]
private static extern int GetRunningObjectTable(int reserved, out IRunningObjectTable prot);

要在Visual Studio 2022中工作，您将需要完整的nuget包:https://www.nuget.org/packages/envdte/17.2.32505.113

下面是VB的解决方案。. Net获取当前Visual Studio实例。

我所做的是与正在使用当前程序集名称进行调试的进程进行简单的字符串比较。当多个VS实例打开时，它似乎如预期的那样工作，我在调试和发布模式下尝试过，在Visual Studio 2013中。

进口:

Imports System
Imports System.Diagnostics.CodeAnalysis
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices
Imports System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComTypes
Imports EnvDTE80

p/调用:

(NativeMethods.dll)

''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
''' <summary>
''' Returns a pointer to an implementation of <see cref="IBindCtx"/> (a bind context object).
''' <para></para>
''' This object stores information about a particular moniker-binding operation.
''' </summary>
''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
''' <remarks>
''' <see href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms678542%28v=vs.85%29.aspx"/>
''' </remarks>
''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
''' <param name="reserved">
''' This parameter is reserved and must be 0.
''' </param>
''' 
''' <param name="ppbc">
''' Address of an <see cref="IBindCtx"/> pointer variable that receives the 
''' interface pointer to the new bind context object.
''' <para></para>
''' When the function is successful, the caller is responsible for calling Release on the bind context.
''' <para></para>
''' A value of <see langword="Nothing"/> for the <paramref name="ppbc"/> value indicates that an error occurred.
''' </param>
''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
''' <returns>
''' This function can return the standard return values <c>E_OUTOFMEMORY</c> and <c>S_OK</c>.
''' </returns>
''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Interoperability", "CA1401:PInvokesShouldNotBeVisible", justification:="Assembly Reference")>
<DllImport("ole32.dll")>
Public Shared Function CreateBindCtx(ByVal reserved As Integer,
                                     ByRef ppbc As IBindCtx
) As Integer
End Function
''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
''' <summary>
''' Returns a pointer to the <see cref="IRunningObjectTable"/> interface on the local running object table (ROT).
''' </summary>
''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
''' <remarks>
''' <see href="http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/windows/desktop/ms684004%28v=vs.85%29.aspx"/>
''' </remarks>
''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
''' <param name="reserved">
''' This parameter is reserved and must be 0.
''' </param>
''' 
''' <param name="pprot">
''' The address of an <see cref="IRunningObjectTable"/> pointer variable that receives the 
''' interface pointer to the local ROT.
''' <para></para>
''' When the function is successful, the caller is responsible for calling Release on the interface pointer.
''' <para></para>
''' A value of <see langword="Nothing"/> for the <paramref name="pprot"/> value indicates that an error occurred.
''' </param>
''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
''' <returns>
''' This function can return the standard return values <c>E_UNEXPECTED</c> and <c>S_OK</c>.
''' </returns>
''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
<SuppressMessage("Microsoft.Interoperability", "CA1401:PInvokesShouldNotBeVisible", justification:="Assembly Reference")>
<DllImport("ole32.dll")>
Public Shared Function GetRunningObjectTable(ByVal reserved As Integer,
                                             ByRef pprot As IRunningObjectTable
) As Integer
End Function

剩余代码:

''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
''' <summary>
''' Gets a collection of the Visual Studio instances that are running on this PC.
''' </summary>
''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
''' <returns>
''' An <see cref="IEnumerable(Of DTE2)"/> that contains the running Visual Studio instances, if any.
''' </returns>
''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public Shared Iterator Function GetVisualStudioInstances() As IEnumerable(Of DTE2)
    Dim rot As IRunningObjectTable = Nothing
    Dim enumMoniker As IEnumMoniker = Nothing
    Dim retVal As Integer = NativeMethods.GetRunningObjectTable(0, rot)
    If (retVal = 0) Then
        rot.EnumRunning(enumMoniker)
        Dim fetched As IntPtr = IntPtr.Zero
        Dim moniker As IMoniker() = New IMoniker(0) {}
        While (enumMoniker.Next(1, moniker, fetched) = 0)
            Dim bindCtx As IBindCtx = Nothing
            NativeMethods.CreateBindCtx(0, bindCtx)
            Dim displayName As String = ""
            moniker(0).GetDisplayName(bindCtx, Nothing, displayName)
            If (displayName.StartsWith("!VisualStudio")) Then
                Dim obj As New Object
                rot.GetObject(moniker(0), obj)
                Yield DirectCast(obj, DTE2)
            End If
        End While
    End If
End Function
''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
''' <summary>
''' Gets a <see cref="DTE2"/> object that represents the current Visual Studio instance that is running this project.
''' </summary>
''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
''' <returns>
''' A <see cref="DTE2"/> object that represents the current Visual Studio instance that is running this project.
''' </returns>
''' ----------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------------
Public Shared Function GetCurrentVisualStudioInstance() As DTE2
    Dim currentInstance As DTE2 = Nothing
    Dim processName As String = Process.GetCurrentProcess.MainModule.FileName
    Dim instances As IEnumerable(Of DTE2) = GetVisualStudioInstances
    For Each instance As DTE2 In instances
        For Each p As EnvDTE.Process In instance.Debugger.DebuggedProcesses
            If (p.Name = processName) Then
                currentInstance = instance
                Exit For
            End If
        Next p
    Next instance
    Return currentInstance
End Function