设置c#匿名函数的参数值
本文关键字:参数 函数 设置 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:11:04
假设我有以下代码
private Func<T> _method;
public void SetExecutableMethod<T>(Func<T> methodParam)
{
_method = methodParam;
}
public T ExecuteMethod(object[] parameterValues)
{
//get the number of parameters _method has;
var methodCallExpression = _method.Body as MethodCallExpression;
var method = methodCallExpression.Method;
ParameterInfo[] methodParams = method.GetParameters();
//So i now have a list of parameters for the method call,
//How can i update the parameter values for each of these?
for (int i = 0; i < parameters.Count(); i++ )
{
methodParams[i] = ???''
}
return _method.Compile()();
}
public void InitAndTest()
{
SetExecutableMethod( () => _service.SomeMethod1("param1 placeholder", "param2 placeholder") );
T result1 = ExecuteMethod(new object[]{"Test1", "Test2"});
T result2 = ExecuteMethod(new object[]{"Test3", "Test4"}););
}
在上面的代码中,我想把私有变量设置为指向匿名函数的某个函数,并且永远不必再设置它。然后,我希望能够调用ExecuteMethod(…)与不同的参数。该方法应该更新变量_method的参数值,然后调用该方法。我可以读取参数的数量和它们的值很好,我只是不知道如何设置这些参数的值?对此有什么想法吗?
不应该这样做。现在,您的_method
字段是Func<T>
类型的委托,并且您期望它的体包含实际执行的另一个方法。你对打电话的人期望太高了。我会忘记这种方法,寻找不同的方法。
一种方法是提供一个以对象数组作为参数的方法(Func<object[], T>
),然后用适当的参数直接调用它(但绝不在其主体中使用方法)。即使这种情况在c#这样的强类型语言中也不太常见,因为你失去了所有的类型安全(但话说回来,你确实希望在你正在设计的框架中非常灵活)。
另一种方法是获取MethodInfo
实例,然后使用它的Invoke
方法。在某种程度上,这甚至可以更好地表达您的意图,因为很明显,可执行方法实际上可以做任何事情。
接下来,您可以使用泛型来获得某种类型安全,并要求将所有输入参数包装在单个参数类中。在这种情况下,您可能有一个强类型的Func<Tparam, Tresult>
方法,而您的Execute
方法将接受Tparam
实例作为其参数。这样就不需要任何反射了。
[编辑]
当我写的时候,我会尽量避免反思。因为您写的基本上需要一个方法结果的缓存,一个简单的方法可能是这样的:
-
为您的参数列表创建一个包装器,以便您可以"按值"比较它们。我添加了一个示例类,但是您甚至可能希望允许显式地传递
IEqualityComparer
,这样您就不必为每个部分参数重写Equals
。// implements `IEquatable` for a list of parameters class Parameters : IEquatable<Parameters> { private readonly object[] _parameters; public Parameters(object[] parms) { _parameters = parms; } #region IEquatable<Parameters> Members public bool Equals(Parameters other) { if (other == null) return false; if (_parameters.Length != other._parameters.Length) return false; // check each parameter to see if it's equal // ... } public override bool Equals(object obj) { return Equals(obj as Parameters); } public override int GetHashCode() { ... } #endregion }
-
为单个服务创建缓存。使用上面的包装器类,它应该简单地检查缓存结果是否存在:
// contains cached results for a single service class CachedCallInfo { private readonly Func<object[], object> _method; private readonly Dictionary<Parameters, object> _cache = new Dictionary<Parameters, object>(); public CachedCallInfo(Func<object[], object> method) { _method = method; } public T GetResult<T>(params object[] parameters) { // use out Parameters class to ensure comparison // by value var key = new Parameters(parameters); object result = null; // result exists? if (!_cache.TryGetValue(key, out result)) { // do the actual service call result = _method(parameters); // add to cache _cache.Add(key, result); } return (T)result; } }
-
创建最后一个类,它将通过名称引用服务:
public class ServiceCache { private readonly Dictionary<string, CachedCallInfo> _services = new Dictionary<string, CachedCallInfo>(); public void RegisterService(string name, Func<object[], object> method) { _services[name] = new CachedCallInfo(method); } // "params" keyword is used to simplify method calls public T GetResult<T>(string serviceName, params object[] parameters) { return _services[serviceName].GetResult<T>(parameters); } }
你的缓存设置看起来像这样:
serviceCache.RegisterService("ServiceA", @params => DoSomething(@params));
serviceCache.RegisterService("ServiceB", @params => SomethingElse(@params));
你可以简单地这样称呼它:
var result = serviceCache.GetResult("ServiceA", paramA, paramB, paramC);
不知道为什么这是有用的,但这里是:
public class SomeCrazyClass<T>
{
private Expression<Func<T>> _method;
public void SetExecutableMethod(Expression<Func<T>> methodParam)
{
_method = methodParam;
}
public object ExecuteMethod(SomeService someService, object[] parameterValues)
{
var methodCallExpression = _method.Body as MethodCallExpression;
var method = methodCallExpression.Method;
var methodCall = Expression.Call(Expression.Constant(someService), method,
parameterValues.Select(Expression.Constant));
return Expression.Lambda(methodCall).Compile().DynamicInvoke();
}
}
这样写:
public static void InitAndTest()
{
var something = new SomeCrazyClass<int>(); //or whatever type your method returns
var _service = new SomeService();
something.SetExecutableMethod(() => _service.SomeMethod1("param1 placeholder", "param2 placeholder"));
var result1 = something.ExecuteMethod(_service,new object[] {"Test1", "Test2"});
var result2 = something.ExecuteMethod(_service, new object[] {"Test3", "Test4"});
}
我个人认为你太过分了,除非有一个覆盖架构需要将lambda作为表达式树来处理。但是,我离题了。
与其使用反射元素(它们基本上只是根据表达式树进行描述),不如查看MethodCallExpression的Arguments成员。它将包含几个ContantExpression对象,您可以用自己的ConstantExpressions替换它们,其中包含您想要传入的字符串值。然而,表达式是只读的;你必须为这个调用重新构建一个等价的树。
public class FuncManipulator<T>
{
private Func<T> _method;
public void SetExecutableMethod(Func<T> methodParam)
{
_method = methodParam;
}
//you forgot the "params" keyword
public T ExecuteMethod(params object[] parameterValues)
{
//get the number of parameters _method has;
var methodCallExpression = _method.Body as MethodCallExpression;
var arguments = methodCallExpression.Arguments;
var newArguments = new List<Expression>();
for (int i = 0; i < arguments.Count(); i++ )
{
newArguments.Add(Expression.Constant(parameterValues[i]));
}
//"Clone" the expression, specifying the new parameters instead of the old.
var newMethodExpression = Expression.Call(methodCallExpression.Object,
methodCallExpression.Method,
newArguments)
return newMethodExpression.Compile()();
}
}
...
public void InitAndTest()
{
SetExecutableMethod( () => _service.SomeMethod1("param1 placeholder", "param2 placeholder") );
T result1 = ExecuteMethod("Test1", "Test2");
T result2 = ExecuteMethod("Test3", "Test4");
T result3 = ExecuteMethod("Test6", "Test5");
}
只要表达式树能找到MethodCallExpression引用的函数,这就可以工作。
然而,我认为有一个更简单的方法:
public class FuncManipulator<T>
{
private Func<T> _method;
public void SetExecutableMethod(Func<T> methodParam)
{
_method = methodParam;
}
//you must pass the actual array; we are creating a closure reference that will live
//as long as the delegate
public void SetMethodParams(object[] param)
{
_param = param;
}
public T ExecuteMethod(params object[] passedParam)
{
//We have to re-initialize _param based on passedParam
//instead of simply reassigning the reference, because the lambda
//requires we don't change the reference.
for(int i=0; i<_param.Length; i++)
_param[i] = passedParam.Length <= i ? null : passedParam[i];
//notice we don't pass _param; the lambda already knows about it
//via the reference set up when declaring the lambda.
return _method();
}
}
...
public void InitAndTest()
{
//this is an "external closure" we must keep in memory
object[] param = new object[2];
SetExecutableMethod( () => _service.SomeMethod1(param[0], param[1]) );
//We do so by passing the reference to our object
SetMethodParams(param);
//now, don't ever reassign the entire array.
//the ExecuteMethod function will replace indices without redefining the array.
T result1 = ExecuteMethod("Test1", "Test2");
T result2 = ExecuteMethod("Test3", "Test4");
T result3 = ExecuteMethod("Test6", "Test5");
}