当我的所有. xsd 's都作为资源存储时，我如何解析. xsd的schemaLocation属性?

我正在处理一个需要基于嵌套XSD生成XML文件的项目。例如:ORDER有一个PERSON的引用，PERSON有一个ADDRESS的引用，等等。

我正在创建一个' XmlReaderSettings'实例来验证XSD，以及在生成XML后验证XML。

我已经将XSD作为资源添加到我的程序集。然后，我为每个资源从低到高创建一个XmlSchema实例，并将其添加到XmlReaderSettings.Schemas集合中。

但是，尝试添加引用另一个模式的模式失败。我得到一个XmlSchemaException:"对于元素声明，必须存在名称或ref属性。"

我在下面包含了示例XSD和源代码:

地址。xsd -由PERSON.xsd

引用

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xs:schema id="ADDRESS.xsd" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <xs:element name="ADDRESS" >
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element name="ADDRESS1" type="xs:string"/>
        <xs:element name="ADDRESS2" type="xs:string"/>
        <xs:element name="CITY" type="xs:string"/>
        <xs:element name="STATE" type="xs:string"/>
        <xs:element name="ZIP" type="xs:string"/>
      </xs:sequence>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
</xs:schema>

PERSON.xsd

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xs:schema id="PERSON.xsd" attributeFormDefault="unqualified" elementFormDefault="qualified" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <xs:include schemaLocation="ADDRESS.xsd"/>
  <xs:element name="PERSON" >
    <xs:complexType>
      <xs:sequence>
        <xs:element name="L_NAME" type="xs:string"/>
        <xs:element name="F_NAME" type="xs:string"/>
        <xs:element name="Addresses">
          <xs:complexType>
            <xs:sequence>
              <xs:element ref="ADDRESS" minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded"/>
            </xs:sequence>
          </xs:complexType>
        </xs:element>
      </xs:sequence>
    </xs:complexType>
  </xs:element>
</xs:schema>

示例代码 -加载并验证XSD的

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Schema;
using SchemaTest.Properties;
namespace SchemaTest
{
    class Program
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            // create validation settings instance
            var xmlReaderSettings = new XmlReaderSettings
            {
                ValidationType = ValidationType.Schema,
                ValidationFlags = XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ProcessInlineSchema |
                                  XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ProcessSchemaLocation |
                                  XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ReportValidationWarnings
            };
            xmlReaderSettings.ValidationEventHandler += SchemaValidationEventHandler;
            // added XmlResourceResolver, per the accepted answer below
            xMLReaderSettings.Schemas.XmlResolver = new XmlResourceResolver();
            // load schemas into validation settings instance
            LoadSchema(xmlReaderSettings, Resources.PERSON);
            // validate schemas
            xmlReaderSettings.Schemas.Compile();
            Console.WriteLine("Press any key to continue...");
            Console.ReadKey();
        }
        private static void LoadSchema(XmlReaderSettings xmlReaderSettings, string schemaString)
        {
            using (var schemaStream = new MemoryStream(Encoding.Default.GetBytes(schemaString)))
            {
                var schema = XmlSchema.Read(schemaStream, null);
                try
                {
                    xmlReaderSettings.Schemas.Add(schema);
                }
                catch (Exception ex)
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("EXCEPTION: {0}", ex.Message);
                }
            }
        }
        private static void SchemaValidationEventHandler(object sender, ValidationEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("{0}: {1}", e.Severity, e.Message);
        }
    }
}

我不确定这是否与ValidationFlags有关，但我试图删除XmlSchemaValidationFlags.ProcessSchemaLocation，仍然收到同样的错误。我还尝试将SchemaValidationEventHandler传递给XmlSchema.Read方法(而不是示例代码中的null)，并且模式似乎可以创建，但当试图将其添加到XmlReaderSettings.Schemas集合时，它仍然抛出异常。

EDIT - 2011.11.03

我解决了这个问题(双关语)通过创建我自己的XmlUrlResolver后代称为XmlResourceResolver，基于XmlResolver类的例子在接受的答案下面。

using System;
using System.IO;
using System.Text;
using System.Xml;
using System.Xml.Schema;
namespace ConsoleApplication3
{
    class Program
    {
        class XmlResolver : XmlUrlResolver
        {
            internal const string BaseUri = "schema://";
            public override object GetEntity(Uri absoluteUri, string role, Type ofObjectToReturn)
            {
                if (absoluteUri.Scheme == "schema")
                {
                    switch (absoluteUri.LocalPath)
                    {
                        case "/ADDRESS.xsd":
                            return new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Resource.ADDRESS));
                        case "/PERSON.xsd":
                            return new MemoryStream(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(Resource.PERSON));
                    }
                }
                return base.GetEntity(absoluteUri, role, ofObjectToReturn);
            }
        }
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            using (XmlReader reader = XmlReader.Create(new StringReader(Resource.PERSON), new XmlReaderSettings(), XmlResolver.BaseUri))
            {
                XmlSchemaSet xset = RetrieveSchemaSet(reader);
                Console.WriteLine(xset.IsCompiled);
            }
        }
        private static XmlSchemaSet RetrieveSchemaSet(XmlReader reader)
        {
            XmlSchemaSet xset = new XmlSchemaSet() { XmlResolver = new XmlResolver() };
            xset.Add(XmlSchema.Read(reader, null));
            xset.Compile();
            return xset;
        }
    }
}