从XML中的可选元素生成xsd

本文关键字：元素 xsd XML | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:14:44

我尝试从2个xml文档生成xsd。在这两个xml文档中，有一些简单元素(<SubTotal>和<Tax>)和复杂类型元素(<SubTotals>)是可选的;这意味着它们可能出现在XML文档中，也可能不存在。下面是2个示例XML文档和1个破碎的xsd文档。

我生成了xsd文档，但它不能很好地工作。通过使用生成的xsd文档，当我验证XML文档时，第一个XML文档有效，而第二个XML文档无效。我希望xsd能够很好地处理两个XML文档。这两个xml文档中的xml数据是有效的。

在第一个xml文档中，可选的简单类型<SubTotal>和<Tax>元素存在，但可选的复杂类型<SubTotals>元素不存在。

在第二个xml文档中，可选的复杂类型<SubTotals>元素存在，但2个可选的简单类型<SubTotal>和<Tax>元素不存在。

下面是第一个xml文档。验证成功。

<ReceiptMessage>
  <DeviceId>AA-BB-CC-DD-EE-FF</DeviceId>
  <From>temp@somewhere.com</From>
  <To>abc@xyz.com</To>
  <Subject>Your Receipt  - Version 1</Subject>
  <OptIn>255</OptIn>
  <Receipt>
    <CheckNo>13254</CheckNo>
    <TableId>1</TableId>
    <ReceiptDate>2015-09-23T11:20:00</ReceiptDate>
    <Server>Joy Server</Server>
    <CardNo>48757-Loyalty</CardNo>
    <PaymentMode>Credit Card</PaymentMode>
    <ReceiptHeader>
      <string>Some Header 1</string>
      <string>Some header 2</string>
    </ReceiptHeader>
    <SubTotal>35.00</SubTotal>
    <Tax>1.00</Tax>
    <Total>36.00</Total>
    <Gratuity>2.00</Gratuity>
    <SplitCheckTotal>38.00</SplitCheckTotal>
    <Tip>1.50</Tip>
    <AmountPaid>39.50</AmountPaid>
    <ReceiptItems>
      <ReceiptItem>
        <ItemName>Pizza Hut ABC</ItemName>
        <Qty>2</Qty>
        <Price>4.00</Price>
      </ReceiptItem>
      <ReceiptItem>
        <ItemName>Burito 289</ItemName>
        <Qty>1</Qty>
        <Price>8.35</Price>
      </ReceiptItem>
    </ReceiptItems>
    <ReceiptFooter>
      <string>Thank you for your shopping at our site</string>
      <string>Please come back</string>
    </ReceiptFooter>
    <ReceiptSurvey>
      <string>Survey 1 content</string>
      <string>Survey - go to our site and register for sweeptakes</string>
    </ReceiptSurvey>
  </Receipt>
</ReceiptMessage>

下面是第二个xml文档。Is was not valid.

<ReceiptMessage>
  <DeviceId>AA-BB-CC-DD-EE-FF</DeviceId>
  <From>temp@somedomain.com</From>
  <To>abc@somedomain.com</To>
  <Subject>Your Receipt from XYZ- Version 2</Subject>
  <OptIn>255</OptIn>
  <Receipt>
    <CheckNo>17282</CheckNo>
    <TableId>Table ABC</TableId>
    <ReceiptDate>2015-09-23T16:32:59.4561339-05:00</ReceiptDate>
    <Server>John Doe</Server>
    <CardNo>2920202</CardNo>
    <PaymentMode>Credit Card</PaymentMode>
    <ReceiptHeader>
      <string>Header 1</string>
      <string>Header 2</string>
    </ReceiptHeader>
    <SubTotals>
      <SubtotalItem Label="Subtotal">25.00</SubtotalItem>
      <SubtotalItem Label="Sales Tax">3.00</SubtotalItem>
      <SubtotalItem Label="City Tax">1.15</SubtotalItem>
      <SubtotalItem Label="County Tax">2.25</SubtotalItem>
      <SubtotalItem Label="State Tax">1.25</SubtotalItem>
    </SubTotals>
    <Total>32.65</Total>
    <Gratuity>2.00</Gratuity>
    <SplitCheckTotal>0.5</SplitCheckTotal>
    <Tip>3.00</Tip>
    <AmountPaid>38.15</AmountPaid>
    <ReceiptItems>
      <ReceiptItem>
        <ItemName>Pizza</ItemName>
        <Qty>1</Qty>
        <Price>5.32</Price>
      </ReceiptItem>
      <ReceiptItem>
        <ItemName>Burito</ItemName>
        <Qty>2</Qty>
        <Price>10.99</Price>
      </ReceiptItem>
    </ReceiptItems>
    <ReceiptFooter>
      <string>Footer 1</string>
      <string>Footer 2</string>
    </ReceiptFooter>
    <ReceiptSurvey>
      <string>Go to our site to register and win awards to</string>
    </ReceiptSurvey>
  </Receipt>
</ReceiptMessage>

我想有一个正确的版本为以下生成的xsd。它应该可以处理这两个XML文档。

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<xs:schema elementFormDefault="qualified" xmlns:xs="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
  <xs:element name="ReceiptMessage" nillable="true" type="ReceiptMessage" />
  <xs:complexType name="ReceiptMessage">
    <xs:complexContent mixed="false">
      <xs:extension base="EmailParams">
        <xs:sequence>
          <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="OptIn" type="xs:unsignedByte" />
          <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Receipt" type="ReceiptData" />
        </xs:sequence>
      </xs:extension>
    </xs:complexContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="EmailParams">
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="DeviceId" type="xs:string" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="From" type="xs:string" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="To" type="xs:string" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Subject" type="xs:string" />
    </xs:sequence>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="ReceiptData">
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="CheckNo" type="xs:string" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="TableId" type="xs:string" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="ReceiptDate" type="xs:dateTime" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="Server" type="xs:string" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="CardNo" type="xs:string" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="PaymentMode" type="xs:string" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="ReceiptHeader" type="ArrayOfString" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="SubTotal" nillable="true" type="xs:double" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="Tax" nillable="true" type="xs:double" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="SubTotals" type="ArrayOfSubtotalItem" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="Total" type="xs:double" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="Gratuity" type="xs:double" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="SplitCheckTotal" type="xs:double" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="Tip" type="xs:double" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="AmountPaid" type="xs:double" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="ReceiptItems" type="ArrayOfReceiptItem" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="ReceiptFooter" type="ArrayOfString" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="ReceiptSurvey" type="ArrayOfString" />
    </xs:sequence>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfString">
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="string" nillable="true" type="xs:string" />
    </xs:sequence>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfSubtotalItem">
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="SubtotalItem" nillable="true" type="SubtotalItem" />
    </xs:sequence>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="SubtotalItem">
    <xs:simpleContent>
      <xs:extension base="xs:double">
        <xs:attribute name="Label" type="xs:string" />
      </xs:extension>
    </xs:simpleContent>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="ArrayOfReceiptItem">
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="unbounded" name="ReceiptItem" nillable="true" type="ReceiptItem" />
    </xs:sequence>
  </xs:complexType>
  <xs:complexType name="ReceiptItem">
    <xs:sequence>
      <xs:element minOccurs="0" maxOccurs="1" name="ItemName" type="xs:string" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="Qty" type="xs:double" />
      <xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="Price" type="xs:double" />
    </xs:sequence>
  </xs:complexType>
</xs:schema>

我使用以下免费的在线工具来基于生成的XSD验证我的XML文档:

http://www.freeformatter.com/xml-validator-xsd.html

从XML中的可选元素生成xsd

你的代码有:

<xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="SubTotal" nillable="true" type="xs:double" />
<xs:element minOccurs="1" maxOccurs="1" name="Tax" nillable="true" type="xs:double" />

你还写到有时Tax或SubTotal可能不存在。换句话说，minOccurs应该设置为0。

通常，当您从实例XML文档自动生成XSD时，会存在XSD生成器无法评估的空白，这仅仅是因为实例XML文档中的信息永远不会是完整的。

这样的自动生成充其量能让您继续工作，但之后您总是需要做一些调整。使用一个好的(图形化)XSD设计器(oXygen, Visual Studio, Eclipse, LiquidXML等)，它可以让你通过一个方便的界面拖放和设置属性。

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