c#如何检查数据库是否不忙

本文关键字:数据库 是否 检查 何检查 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:16:03

我的类有几个方法正在进行。第一个是创建数据库,完成了。然后,创建从sql文件读取的存储过程。然后分离该DB。现在看来,我的存储过程查询需要一段时间才能完成,而我的分离方法正在数据库繁忙时被调用。那么如何判断数据库是否空闲呢?异常为"无法分离数据库,因为它当前正在使用"

方法:

void CreateStoredProcedures(string type)
        {
            string spLocation = File.ReadAllText("CreateStoredProcedures.sql");
            var conn = new SqlConnection(connectionString + ";database=" + type + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd"));            
            try
            {
                Server server = new Server(new ServerConnection(conn));
                server.ConnectionContext.ExecuteNonQuery(spLocation);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
            }
        }
bool DetachBackup(string type)
        {
            var conn = new SqlConnection(connectionString);
            SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand("", conn);
            command.CommandText = @"sys.sp_detach_db '" + type + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd") + "'";
            try
            {
                conn.Open();
                command.ExecuteNonQuery();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
                return false;
            }
            finally
            {
                if ((conn.State == ConnectionState.Open))
                {
                    conn.Close();
                }
            }
            return true;
        }

点击事件:

private void btnFullBackup_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            lblStatus.Text = "Starting full backup...";
            Execute("FULL");
            progressBar.Value = 20;                       
            lblStatus.Text = "Copying tables...";
            progressBar.Value = 60;            
            CopyTables("FULL");
            progressBar.Value = 70;
            lblStatus.Text = "Creating stored procedures...";
            CreateStoredProcedures("FULL");
            progressBar.Value = 80;
            CheckDBSize(newBackupLocation, "FULL");
            progressBar.Value = 100;
            MessageBox.Show("Backup was created successfully", "",
                                MessageBoxButtons.OK, MessageBoxIcon.Information);            
            lblStatus.Text = "Done";
            progressBar.Value = 0;
            if (DetachBackup("FULL") == false)
            {
                DetachBackup("FULL");
            }
        }

c#如何检查数据库是否不忙

很可能它在自己的连接上挂起了。sp_detach_db的MSDN https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-CA/library/ms188031.aspx在获取独占访问一节中有以下建议:

USE master; 
ALTER DATABASE [DBName] SET SINGLE_USER;

您的DetachBackup方法将连接到master,运行ALTER和sp_detach_db过程。

您没有在CreateStoredProcedures方法中关闭连接。把using语句像我在这里展示的那样放进去,它应该能解决问题。(使用微软的语句说明)

为你的方法试试下面的代码:

    void CreateStoredProcedures(string type)
    {
        string spLocation = File.ReadAllText("CreateStoredProcedures.sql");
        using (var conn = new SqlConnection(connectionString + ";database=" + type + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd")))
        {
            try
            {
                Server server = new Server(new ServerConnection(conn));
                server.ConnectionContext.ExecuteNonQuery(spLocation);
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
            }
        } // End of using, connection will always close when you reach this point.
    }
    bool DetachBackup(string type)
    {
        using (var conn = new SqlConnection(connectionString))
        {
            SqlCommand command = new SqlCommand(@"sys.sp_detach_db '" + type + DateTime.Now.ToString("yyyyMMdd") + "'", conn);
            try
            {
                conn.Open();
                command.ExecuteNonQuery();
            }
            catch (Exception ex)
            {
                MessageBox.Show(ex.ToString());
                return false;
            }
        } // End of using, connection will always close when you reach this point.
        return true;
    }

您不应该认为它是数据库"繁忙",但是错误消息使用了很好的语言:in use。要确定数据库当前是否正在使用,最准确的方法是通过查询sys.dm_tran_locks来确定是否有任何会话在特定数据库中有任何锁。下面是一个辅助函数,无论数据库是否正在使用,它都会返回一个bool:

    bool IsDatabaseInUse(string databaseName)
    {
        using (SqlConnection sqlConnection = new SqlConnection("... your connection string ..."))
        using (SqlCommand sqlCmd = new SqlCommand())
        {
            sqlCmd.Connection = sqlConnection;
            sqlCmd.CommandText =
                @"select count(*)
                from sys.dm_tran_locks
                where resource_database_id = db_id(@database_name);";
            sqlCmd.Parameters.Add(new SqlParameter("@database_name", SqlDbType.NVarChar, 128)
            {
                Value = databaseName
            });
            sqlConnection.Open();
            int sessionCount = Convert.ToInt32(sqlCmd.ExecuteScalar());
            if (sessionCount > 0)
                return true;
            else
                return false;
        }
    }

注意:确保您的连接字符串中的初始目录不是您试图使"未使用"的数据库,因为这会将您的当前会话置于数据库的上下文中,不允许该操作完成