将c# DataTable(ColumnName, ColumnType, ColumnValue)转换为csv并恢复

本文关键字:转换 csv 恢复 ColumnType DataTable ColumnName ColumnValue | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:17:43

我正在寻找转换ADO的c#代码。. NET Datatable到csv文件,但是我想保存/恢复

  • 列名,
  • 列数据类型和
  • 列值

csv。我发现的大多数解决方案从字符串列类型的CSV恢复数据表。我还希望可空值应恢复为DBNull.Value。DateTime列应该只保存并恢复为DateTime类型。这个概念是使用DataAdapter从Oracle/Sqlserver数据库填充数据表,然后将该表保存到CSV文件,然后从CSV恢复。

我已经使用下面的代码链接保存数据表到CSV文件使用DataTableExtensions类c#数据表到CSV

为了将CSV文件读取回DataTable,我使用了下面的链接http://www.codeproject.com/Articles/11698/A-Portable-and-Efficient-Generic-Parser-for-Flat-F

问题是当我将CSV文件恢复到数据表时,我必须从数据表行创建实体。但是他们在InvalidCast上抛出异常

将c# DataTable(ColumnName, ColumnType, ColumnValue)转换为csv并恢复

假设您希望将列名存储在第一行,类型存储在第二行,数据从第三行开始,您可以使用以下代码。样本数据:

DataTable tblExport = new DataTable();
tblExport.Columns.Add("ID", typeof(int));
tblExport.Columns.Add("Name", typeof(string));
tblExport.Columns.Add("DateofBirth", typeof(DateTime)).AllowDBNull = false;
tblExport.Columns.Add("DateofDeath", typeof(DateTime)).AllowDBNull = true;
tblExport.Rows.Add(1, "Tim", new DateTime(1973, 7, 9), DBNull.Value);
tblExport.Rows.Add(2, "Jim", new DateTime(1953, 3, 19), new DateTime(2011, 1, 2));
tblExport.Rows.Add(3, "Toby", new DateTime(1983, 4, 23), DBNull.Value);

由于您需要将所有值转换为具有value.ToString的字符串,因此我在开始时将区域性更改为InvariantCulture以强制使用特定的DateTime格式,存储旧的以便您可以在结束时再次启用它。我希望代码是自解释的:

var oldCulture = CultureInfo.CurrentCulture;
System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = CultureInfo.InvariantCulture;

write DataTable to csv-file

string delimiter = "'t"; // tab separated
StringBuilder sb = new StringBuilder();
// first line column-names
IEnumerable<string> columnNames = tblExport.Columns.Cast<DataColumn>()
    .Select(column => column.ColumnName);
sb.AppendLine(string.Join(delimiter, columnNames));
// second line column-types
IEnumerable<string> columnTypes = tblExport.Columns.Cast<DataColumn>()
    .Select(column => column.DataType.ToString());
sb.AppendLine(string.Join(delimiter, columnTypes));
// rest: table data
foreach (DataRow row in tblExport.Rows)
{
    IEnumerable<string> fields = row.ItemArray.Select(field => field.ToString());
    sb.AppendLine(string.Join(delimiter, fields)); 
}
string path = @"C:'Temp'Testfile.csv";
File.WriteAllText(path, sb.ToString());

读取csv-file到DataTable

string[] lines = File.ReadAllLines(path);
string[] columns = lines[0].Split(new[] { delimiter }, StringSplitOptions.None);
string[] types   = lines[1].Split(new[] { delimiter }, StringSplitOptions.None);
DataTable tblImport = new DataTable();
for (int i = 0; i < columns.Length; i++)
{
    string colName  = columns[i];
    string typeName = types[i];
    tblImport.Columns.Add(colName, Type.GetType(typeName));
}
// import data
// use a typeValueConverter dictionary to convert values:
var typeValueConverter = new Dictionary<Type, Func<string, object>> {
    { typeof(DateTime), value =>  value.TryGetDateTime(null, null) },
    { typeof(Decimal),  value =>  value.TryGetDecimal(null) },
    { typeof(int),      value =>  value.TryGetInt32(null) },
};
foreach (string line in lines.Skip(2))
{ 
    string[] fields = line.Split(new[]{ delimiter }, StringSplitOptions.None);
    DataRow r = tblImport.Rows.Add(); // already added at this point
    for (int i = 0; i < tblImport.Columns.Count; i++)
    {
        DataColumn col = tblImport.Columns[i];
        string rawValue = fields[i];
        object val = rawValue;
        if (typeValueConverter.ContainsKey(col.DataType))
            val = typeValueConverter[col.DataType](rawValue);
        else if (col.DataType != typeof(string) && string.IsNullOrEmpty(rawValue))
            val = DBNull.Value;
        r.SetField(col, val);
    }
}
System.Threading.Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = oldCulture;

当然,你应该在两个方法中分离它们,一个用于导出,一个用于导入。

我使用了我的扩展方法TryGetDateTime, TryGetDecimalTryGetInt32,它将字符串解析为DateTime?, Decimal?int?(如果无法解析则为空)。它们在LINQ查询中特别方便:

public static DateTime? TryGetDateTime(this string item, DateTimeFormatInfo dfi, params string[] allowedFormats)
{
    if (dfi == null) dfi = DateTimeFormatInfo.InvariantInfo;
    DateTime dt;
    bool success;
    if(allowedFormats == null)
        success = DateTime.TryParse(item, dfi, DateTimeStyles.None, out dt);
    else
        success = DateTime.TryParseExact(item, allowedFormats, dfi, DateTimeStyles.None, out dt);
    if (success) return dt;
    return null;
}
public static decimal? TryGetDecimal(this string item, IFormatProvider formatProvider = null, NumberStyles nStyles = NumberStyles.Any)
{
    if (formatProvider == null) formatProvider = NumberFormatInfo.InvariantInfo;
    decimal d = 0m;
    bool success = decimal.TryParse(item, nStyles, formatProvider, out d);
    if (success)
        return d;
    else
        return null;
}
public static int? TryGetInt32(this string item, IFormatProvider formatProvider = null, NumberStyles nStyles = NumberStyles.Any)
{
    if (formatProvider == null) formatProvider = NumberFormatInfo.InvariantInfo;
    int i = 0;
    bool success = int.TryParse(item, nStyles, formatProvider, out i);
    if (success)
        return i;
    else
        return null;
}