扩展已经继承另一个类的类
本文关键字:另一个 继承 扩展 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:24:22
我继承了一些System.Windows.Forms-Control
(大约10个)。每个控件都有一些自定义扩展,但每个控件的大多数扩展都是相同的。
实际上,我必须分别为它们编写相同的功能。这是大量的复制+粘贴,而且很难维护。
class MyButton : Button
{
//this is only in MyButton
public int ButtonProperty { get; set; }
public object Property1 { get; set; }
public object Property2 { get; set; }
public void MakeInvisible()
{
this.Visible = false;
}
}
class MyLabel : Label
{
//this is only in MyLabel
public bool LabelProperty { get; set; }
//same propertys and methods as in MyButton
public object Property1 { get; set; }//copy+paste
public object Property2 { get; set; }//copy+paste
public void MakeInvisible()//copy+paste
{
this.Visible = false;
}
}
我正在寻找一种扩展所有派生类的方法,就像使用interface
或扩展方法一样但我也想拥有属性并访问基类(Control
)
这就是我的梦想:
class MyButton : Button, MyExtension
{
//this is only in MyButton
public int ButtonProperty { get; set; }
}
class MyLabel : Label, MyExtension
{
//this is only in MyLabel
public bool LabelProperty { get; set; }
}
//Extension for all classes inherited from Control
class MyExtension : Control
{
public object Property1 { get; set; }
public object Property2 { get; set; }
public void MakeInvisible()
{
this.Visible = false;
}
}
想法:
-
为公共属性创建一个新类型
-
给每个控件一个类型的属性
实现:
// TypeConverter required for PropertyGrid in design mode
// found here: http://stackoverflow.com/a/6107953/1506454
[TypeConverter(typeof(ExpandableObjectConverter))]
public class MyExtension
{
// need reference to control to work with in methods
private Control _c;
public MyExtension(Control c)
{
_c = c;
}
// can be inhereted for different controls, if necessary
public string Property1 { get; set; }
public string Property2 { get; set; }
public void MakeInvisible()
{
_c.Visible = false;
}
}
// common interface of extended controls
public interface IExtended
{
MyExtension Extra { get; }
}
// MyButton implements extended interface
public class MyButton : Button, IExtended
{
public MyButton()
{
// create extended properties for button
Extra = new MyExtension(this);
}
// for designer serialization support
[DesignerSerializationVisibility(DesignerSerializationVisibility.Content)]
public MyExtension Extra { get; private set; }
//this is only in MyButton
public int ButtonProperty { get; set; }
}
// common extension methods
public static class MyControlHelper
{
public static void MakeInvisible<TControl>(this TControl control) where TControl : Control, IExtended
{
control.Extra.MakeInvisible();
}
public static void Rename<TControl>(this TControl control) where TControl : Control, IExtended
{
control.Text = control.Extra.Property1;
}
}
C#不支持多重继承你应该试试这样的东西——MyButton : MyExtension;
和MyExtension : Button
。在这种情况下,您将使用MyExtension和Button类来扩展MyButton类。
您可以为此目的使用扩展方法
public static class ControlHelper
{
public static void MakeInvisible(this Control c)
{
c.Visible = false;
}
}
并像这个一样使用它
var mb = new MyButton();
mb.MakeInvisible();
var ml = new MyLabel();
ml.MakeInvisible();
通过使用这种方法,您可以为基类生成扩展方法,并在派生类中使用它。
您可以使用composition而不是从Button
和Label
继承。
class MyExtension
{
protected Control control;
public MyExtension(Control control)
{
this.control = control;
}
public object Property1 { get; set; }
public object Property2 { get; set; }
public void MakeInvisible()
{
this.control.Visible = false;
}
}
class MyButton : MyExtension
{
public MyButton(Button button):base(button){}
public int ButtonProperty { get; set; }
}
class MyLabel : Label
{
public MyButton(Label label):base(label){}
public bool LabelProperty { get; set; }
}
如果您不想创建MyExtension
的任何实例,您甚至可以将其设置为abstract
。这里的主要区别是,您必须创建一个Button
或Label
才能传入,并且您可能希望将它们公开为MyButton
和MyLabel
的属性,以便了解它们的属性。
如果您需要利用扩展控件的protected
方法和属性,那么您就不走运了,如果没有广泛的复制和粘贴,就无法实现您想要的内容。
如果您只需要访问公共方法和属性,那么按照以下方式进行操作如何:
public interface IControlExtension
{
Foo MyProperty { get; set; }
Blah MyMethod();
}
public abstract class ControlExtension: IControlExtension
{
private Control owner;
private ControlExtension(Control owner)
{
Debug.Assert(owner != null);
this.owner = owner;
}
public static IControlExtension GetControlExtension(Control c)
{
if (c is Button ||
c is Label)
{
return new SimpleControlExtension(c);
}
if (c is Panel || ...
{
return new ContainerControlExtension(c);
}
}
public abstract Foo MyProperty { get; set; }
public abstract Blah MyMethod();
private class SimpleControlExtension: ControlExtension
{
public override Foo MyProperty { .... }
public override Blah MyMethod { ....
}
private class ContainerControlExtension: ControlExtension
{
public override Foo MyProperty { .... }
public override Blah MyMethod { .... }
}
}
现在,在所有扩展控件中,复制和粘贴代码是最小的:
public class MyButton : Button
{
public MyButton()
{
....
var controlExtension = ControlExtension.GetControlExtension(this);
}
public IControlExtension { get { return controlExtension; } }
}