使用.Result的异步方法

本文关键字:异步方法 Result 使用 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:24:45

下面的方法循环遍历postdata列表,对一个令牌发出多个请求,例如每个请求都使用一个特定的clientID。我的问题与异步有关。我正在尝试使令牌的调用是异步的。.Result的使用是否一定会使方法同步?

public async Task<string> ReturnDataFromUrl1(List<List<KeyValuePair<string, string>>> listOfPostData)
{        
   List<Task<string>> taskList = new List<Task<string>>();       
   string allTokens = "";
   List<Task<string>> downloadTasks = new List<Task<string>>();

   foreach (var postData in listOfPostData)
   {
       using (var client = new HttpClient())
       {
           client.BaseAddress = new Uri("http://localhost:23081");
           HttpContent httpContent = new FormUrlEncodedContent(postData);
           HttpResponseMessage response = client.PostAsync("/Token", httpContent).Result;
           var responsecode = (int)response.StatusCode;
           if (response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
           {
               var responseBodyAsText = response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
               taskList.Add(responseBodyAsText);
           }
       }
   }
    downloadTasks = taskList.ToList();            
    while (downloadTasks.Count > 0)
    {
        Task<string> firstFinishedTask = await Task.WhenAny(downloadTasks);
        downloadTasks.Remove(firstFinishedTask);
        // Await the completed task. 
        string content = await firstFinishedTask;
        allTokens = allTokens + content;
    }
    return allTokens;
}

使用.Result的异步方法

.Result的使用是否一定会使方法同步?

它将使.Result同步阻塞的部分同步,因为它同步等待Task的完成(如果您的代码没有死锁,这在具有自定义SynchronizationContext的环境中是非常可能的)。

此方法调用:

Task<string> firstFinishedTask = await Task.WhenAny(downloadTasks);

将是异步的,因为它将产生控制,直到第一个流被读取并转换为字符串。如果您已经有一个标记为async的方法,那么只需await也可以标记该部分:

HttpResponseMessage response = await client.PostAsync("/Token", httpContent);

旁注:

我想我会对这个问题采取不同的方法。通常情况下,网络IO将消耗该方法最多的时间。如果可能并且没有限制的话,我会同时进行这些网络呼叫,然后处理结果:

public async Task<string> ReturnDataFromUrlAsync(
                                List<List<KeyValuePair<string, string>>> listOfPostData)
{
    var client = new HttpClient
    {
        BaseAddress = new Uri("http://localhost:23081")
    };
    var downloadTasks = listOfPostData.Select(postData =>
    {
        var content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(postData);
        return client.PostAsync("/Token", content);
    }).ToList();
    var tokenBuilder = new StringBuilder(downloadTasks.Count);
    while (downloadTasks.Count > 0)
    {
        var finishedTask = await Task.WhenAny(downloadTasks);
        downloadTasks.Remove(finishedTask);
        var response = await finishedTask;
        if (!response.IsSuccessStatusCode)
            continue;
        var token = await response.Content.ReadAsStringAsync();
        tokenBuilder.Append(token);
    }
    return tokenBuilder.ToString();
}

或者,由于您需要所有结果才能处理令牌,因此可以使用Task.WhenAll等待所有结果完成:

public async Task<string> ReturnDataFromUrlAsync(
                                List<List<KeyValuePair<string, string>>> listOfPostData)
{
    var client = new HttpClient
    {
        BaseAddress = new Uri("http://localhost:23081")
    };
    var downloadTasks = listOfPostData.Select(postData =>
    {
        var content = new FormUrlEncodedContent(postData);
        return client.PostAsync("/Token", content);
    });
    HttpResponseMessage[] response = await Task.WhenAll(downloadTasks);
    var tokenBuilder = new StringBuilder(response.Length);
    foreach (var element in response.Where(message => message.IsSuccessStatusCode))
    {
        tokenBuilder.Append(await element.Content.ReadAsStringAsync());
    }
    return tokenBuilder.ToString();
}