Web API - “对象内容类型无法序列化

本文关键字：类型 序列化 API 对象 Web | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:30:15

我有以下Web API操作。

public IHttpActionResult Get() {
  var units = Enum.GetValues(typeof(UnitType)).Cast<UnitType>().Select(x => new { Id = (Int32)x, Description = x.Attribute<DescriptionAttribute>().Description });
  return Ok(units);
}

基本上，我返回枚举的值和描述。

我检查了单位列表，得到了正确的值。

但是，当我调用 API 时，出现以下错误：

<Error><Message>An error has occurred.</Message>
<ExceptionMessage>The 'ObjectContent`1' type failed to serialize the response body for content type 'application/xml; charset=utf-8'.</ExceptionMessage>  
<ExceptionType>System.InvalidOperationException</ExceptionType>
<StackTrace/><InnerException><Message>An error has occurred.</Message>
<ExceptionMessage>Type '<>f__AnonymousType0`2[System.Int32,System.String]' cannot be serialized. Consider marking it with the DataContractAttribute attribute, and marking all of its members you want serialized with the DataMemberAttribute attribute.  If the type is a collection, consider marking it with the CollectionDataContractAttribute.  See the Microsoft .NET Framework documentation for other supported types.</ExceptionMessage>

为什么？

更新

我现在有：

  public IHttpActionResult Get() {
    IList<EnumModel> units = Enum.GetValues(typeof(UnitType)).Cast<UnitType>().Select(x => new EnumModel((Int32)x, x.Attribute<DescriptionAttribute>().Description)).ToList();
    return Ok(units);
  } // Get
public class EnumModel {
  public Int32 Id { get; set; }
  public String Description { get; set; }
  public EnumModel(Int32 id, String description) {
    Id = id;
    Description = description;
  } // EnumModel
} // EnumModel

我收到错误：

<Error>
  <Message>An error has occurred.</Message>
  <ExceptionMessage>The 'ObjectContent`1' type failed to serialize the response body for content type 'application/xml; charset=utf-8'.</ExceptionMessage>  
  <ExceptionType>System.InvalidOperationException</ExceptionType>
  <StackTrace/><InnerException>
  <Message>An error has occurred.</Message>
  <ExceptionMessage>Type 'Helpers.EnumModel' cannot be serialized. Consider marking it with the DataContractAttribute attribute, and marking all of its members you want serialized with the DataMemberAttribute attribute.  If the type is a collection, consider marking it with the CollectionDataContractAttribute.  See the Microsoft .NET Framework documentation for other supported types.</ExceptionMessage>  
   <ExceptionType>System.Runtime.Serialization.InvalidDataContractException</ExceptionType>

知道为什么吗？

Web API - “对象内容类型无法序列化

你如何调用你的API？看起来它正在尝试使用 XML 格式化程序进行内容协商。但是，XML 序列化程序不支持匿名类型。查看此链接了解详细信息。

若要修复此行为，应发送Accept: application/json标头（如果您使用的是 Fiddler 或类似工具），或者显式告知 Web API 您只需要 JSON 格式化程序：

config.Formatters.Clear();
var jsonFormatter = new JsonMediaTypeFormatter
{
    // Use camel case formatting.
    SerializerSettings =
    {
        ContractResolver = new CamelCasePropertyNamesContractResolver(),
    }
};
config.Formatters.Add(jsonFormatter);

我可能是错的，但InnerException似乎暗示匿名类型不能序列化。

尝试声明一个类，例如

public class EnumInfo {
    public int Id { get; set; }
    public string Description { get; set; }
    public EnumInfo(int id, string description) {
        Id = id;
        Description = description;
    }
}

并将您的Select呼叫变成 

[...].Select(x => new EnumInfo((Int32)x, x.Attribute<DescriptionAttribute>().Description);
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