在 .NET 中查看 Unity 依赖项配置

本文关键字:依赖 配置 Unity NET | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:31:16

我们在Unity Container中有很多注册。 实际上大约有800行长。

由于 Unity 没有验证方法,因此我们在测试应用程序之前引入了单元测试来验证配置,它看起来像下面的东西,运行良好,并且在配置中发现了许多问题:

IUnityContainer container = UnityContainerBuilder.Build();
foreach (ContainerRegistration mapping in container.Registrations)
{
    container.Resolve(mapping.RegisteredType, mapping.Name);
}

但是,我们有很多类遵循装饰器模式,其中我们使用命名注册。 然后,这些命名注册用于为其他注册构建 InjectionConstructor,例如:

container.RegisterType<IMyType2, Concrete1MyType2>("Concrete1MyType2", new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager());
container.RegisterType<IMyType2, Concrete2MyType2>("Concrete2MyType2", new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager());
container.RegisterType<IMyType1, Concrete1MyType1>(
    "Concrete1MyType1", 
    new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager(),
    new InjectionConstructor(
        new ResolvedParameter<IMyType2>("Concrete2MyType2")));

是否可以通过某些代码访问您在 InjectionConstructor 中为注册配置的内容?

在 .NET 中查看 Unity 依赖项配置

这篇文章似乎建议你可以。

给出的示例是:

void DisplayContainerRegistrations(IUnityContainer theContainer)
{
    string regName, regType, mapTo, lifetime;
    Console.WriteLine("Container has {0} Registrations:",
            theContainer.Registrations.Count());
    foreach (ContainerRegistration item in theContainer.Registrations)
    {
    regType = item.RegisteredType.Name;
    mapTo = item.MappedToType.Name;
    regName = item.Name ?? "[default]";
    lifetime = item.LifetimeManagerType.Name;
    if (mapTo != regType)
    {
        mapTo = " -> " + mapTo;
    }
    else
    {
        mapTo = string.Empty;
    }
    lifetime = lifetime.Substring(0, lifetime.Length - "LifetimeManager".Length);
    Console.WriteLine("+ {0}{1}  '{2}'  {3}", regType, mapTo, regName, lifetime);
    }
}

好的,在没有获得太多信息之后,我查看了 Unity 的内部结构,因为我看不到任何公开的方法。 我想出了以下内容,它使用反射来访问 Unity 各个部分的私有成员。

这样做的主要原因是将瞬态实例注入单例有点不匹配。 瞬态应该只持续很短的时间,而单例可能会在 DI 容器的整个生命周期中保留。 这里有一些关于简单注射器的好信息。 这是尝试获取注入信息的原因之一,因为 Unity 没有像简单注入器那样的验证。

因此,这是我正在注册的服务接口和类。 有 3 个接口和 3 个具体实现,除了 IService2 有 2 个实现。

public class Service1 : IService1
{
    private readonly IService2 _service2;
    private readonly IService3 _service3;
    public Service1(IService2 service2, IService3 service3)
    {
        _service2 = service2;
        _service3 = service3;
    }
    public int DoSomethingForService1()
    {
        return 1;
    }
}
public interface IService1
{
    int DoSomethingForService1();
}
public class Service2 : IService2
{
    public int DoSomethingForService2()
    {
        return 1;
    }
}
public class Service3 : IService3
{
    public int DoSomethingForService3()
    {
        return 1;
    }
}
public interface IService3
{
    int DoSomethingForService3();
}
public class Service2_1 : IService2
{
    public int DoSomethingForService2()
    {
        return 1;
    }
}
public interface IService2
{
    int DoSomethingForService2();
}

现在,Unity 容器已构建完毕。 我们倾向于为此使用单独的项目,因为我们不希望所有引用都保存在 UI 中。 我们使用 IService2 的 2 个命名注册。

public static class UnityContainerBuilder
{
    public static IUnityContainer BuildDirectInUnity()
    {
        IUnityContainer container = new UnityContainer();
        container.RegisterType<IService2, Service2>("Service2OneAndOnly", new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager());
        container.RegisterType<IService2, Service2_1>("Service2_1", new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager());
        container.RegisterType<IService3, Service3>(new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager());
        container.RegisterType<IService1, Service1>(new ContainerControlledLifetimeManager(),
            new InjectionConstructor(
                new ResolvedParameter<IService2>("Service2OneAndOnly"),
                new ResolvedParameter<IService3>()));
    }
}

现在是有趣的部分。 在这里,我们得到了 Unity 配置:

static void Main(string[] args)
{
    Console.WriteLine("Building Unity Container...");
    var container = (UnityContainer)UnityContainerBuilder.BuildDirectInUnity();
    Console.WriteLine("Listing Registrations...");
    FieldInfo policiesField = typeof(UnityContainer).GetFields(
                    BindingFlags.NonPublic |
                    BindingFlags.Instance).First(f => f.Name == "policies");
    FieldInfo parameterValuesField = typeof(SpecifiedConstructorSelectorPolicy).GetFields(
                    BindingFlags.NonPublic |
                    BindingFlags.Instance).First(f => f.Name == "parameterValues");
    FieldInfo paramNameField = typeof(ResolvedParameter).GetFields(
                    BindingFlags.NonPublic |
                    BindingFlags.Instance).First(f => f.Name == "name");
    var policies = (PolicyList)policiesField.GetValue(container);
    // build up a dictionary for loop below to use to get the lifetime manager
    var typeToRegistration = new Dictionary<Tuple<Type, string>, ContainerRegistration>();
    foreach (ContainerRegistration registration in container.Registrations)
    {
        typeToRegistration.Add(new Tuple<Type, string>(registration.RegisteredType, registration.Name), registration);
    }
    // now output the list
    foreach (ContainerRegistration registration in container.Registrations)
    {
        Console.WriteLine("{0} to {1}, {2}, {3}", 
            registration.RegisteredType.Name, 
            registration.MappedToType.Name, 
            registration.Name ?? "[default]",
            registration.LifetimeManagerType.Name);
        // need to check for our InjectionConstructor - I need local = false
        IConstructorSelectorPolicy constructorPolicy = policies.Get<IConstructorSelectorPolicy>(
            new NamedTypeBuildKey(registration.MappedToType, registration.Name), false);
        // and I need SpecifiedConstructorSelectorPolicy as we are not using the default constructor
        if (constructorPolicy is SpecifiedConstructorSelectorPolicy)
        {
            var specifiedConstructorPolicy = constructorPolicy as SpecifiedConstructorSelectorPolicy;
            // now output the ResolvedParameters for type, name, lifetime manager
            var paramValues = (InjectionParameterValue[])parameterValuesField.GetValue(specifiedConstructorPolicy);
            foreach (var param in paramValues)
            {
                if (param is ResolvedParameter)
                {
                    var resolvedParam = param as ResolvedParameter;
                    var name = (string)paramNameField.GetValue(resolvedParam);
                    string lifeTimeManagerName = 
                        typeToRegistration[new Tuple<Type, string>(resolvedParam.ParameterType, name)].LifetimeManagerType.Name;
                    Console.WriteLine("'t{0}, {1}, {2}", param.ParameterTypeName, name ?? "[default]", lifeTimeManagerName);
                }
                else
                {
                    Console.WriteLine("'t{0}", param.ParameterTypeName);
                }
            }
        }
    }
    Console.WriteLine("Complete");
    Console.ReadLine();
}

这样做的缺点是它纯粹是基于反射的黑客攻击,并且它不支持 InjectionFactory,您可以在其中配置类型的新实例。