将自定义用户控件的 StackPanel 绑定到自定义类的可观察集合

本文关键字:自定义 观察 集合 StackPanel 用户 控件 绑定 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:31:56

我有一个 ObservableCollection'<'NextBestAction'>' NextBestActions 称为 NextBestActions,其中 NextBestAction 是:

[TypeConverter(typeof(NextBestActionTypeConverter))]
public class NextBestAction : IDisposable
{
    public bool isDismissable, dismissed, completed;
    public NextBestActionType type;
    public string title, description;
    public void Dispose()
    {
        this.Dispose();
    }
    public NextBestAction()
    {
    }
    public NextBestAction(string title, string description)
    {
        this.title = title;
        this.description = description;
    }
    public static NextBestAction Parse(Card card)
    {
        if (card == null)
        {
            return new NextBestAction();
        }
        return new NextBestAction(card.Title.Text, card.Description.Text);
    }
}

我也有自己的用户控件,称为 Card,其中 Card 是:

public partial class Card : UserControl
{
    public Card()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
        this.DataContext = this;
    }
    public Card(string title, string description)
    {
        InitializeComponent();
        this.DataContext = this;
        this.Title.Text = title;
        this.Description.Text = description;
    }
    public static Card Parse(NextBestAction nextBestAction)
    {
        if (nextBestAction == null)
        {
            return new Card();
        }
        return new Card(nextBestAction.title, nextBestAction.description);
    }
}

使用下面的 XAML:

<UserControl x:Class="AdvancedTeller.Card"
         xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
         xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
         xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" 
         xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" 
         xmlns:local="clr-namespace:AdvancedTeller"
         mc:Ignorable="d" 
         d:DesignWidth="300" Background="White" BorderBrush="#FF333333" VerticalContentAlignment="Top" Width="400">
<Grid Margin="10" VerticalAlignment="Top">
    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
        <RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
    </Grid.RowDefinitions>
    <TextBlock Name="Title" Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="0" FontSize="18.667" Margin="3"/>
    <TextBlock Name="Description"  Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="1" VerticalAlignment="Top" TextWrapping="Wrap" Margin="3"/>
</Grid>

最后,我将NextBestAction的TypeConverter定义为

public class NextBestActionTypeConverter : TypeConverter
{
    // Override CanConvertFrom to return true for Card-to-NextBestAction conversions. 
    public override bool CanConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext context, Type sourceType)
    {
        if (sourceType == typeof(Card))
        {
            return true;
        }
        return base.CanConvertFrom(context, sourceType);
    }
    // Override CanConvertTo to return true for NextBestAction-to-Card conversions. 
    public override bool CanConvertTo(ITypeDescriptorContext context, Type destinationType)
    {
        if (destinationType == typeof(Card))
        {
            return true;
        }
        return base.CanConvertTo(context, destinationType);
    }
    // Override ConvertFrom to convert from a Card to an instance of NextBestAction. 
    public override object ConvertFrom(ITypeDescriptorContext context, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture, object value)
    {
        Card card = value as Card;
        if (card != null)
        {
            try
            {
                return NextBestAction.Parse(card);
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                throw new Exception(String.Format("Cannot convert '{0}' ({1}) because {2}", value, value.GetType(), e.Message), e);
            }
        }
        return base.ConvertFrom(context, culture, value);
    }
    // Override ConvertTo to convert from an instance of NextBestAction to Card. 
    public override object ConvertTo(ITypeDescriptorContext context, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture, object value, Type destinationType)
    {
        if (destinationType == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException("destinationType");
        }
        //Convert Complex to a string in a standard format.
        NextBestAction nextBestAction = value as NextBestAction;
        if (nextBestAction != null && this.CanConvertTo(context, destinationType) && destinationType == typeof(Card))
        {
            try
            {
                return Card.Parse(nextBestAction);
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                throw new Exception(String.Format("Cannot convert '{0}' ({1}) because {2}", value, value.GetType(), e.Message), e);
            }
        }
        return base.ConvertTo(context, culture, value, destinationType);
    }
}

我正在尝试将NextBestActions绑定到StackPanel,并强制NextBestActions在UI中表示为卡片。

到目前为止,我已经明白我至少需要这个

<StackPanel Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="1" Grid.RowSpan="2" Margin="50" >
    <ItemsControl Name="NextBestActionItems" ItemsSource="{Binding NextBestActions}">
        <ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
            <DataTemplate>
                <AdvancedTeller:Card />
            </DataTemplate>
        </ItemsControl.ItemTemplate>
    </ItemsControl>
</StackPanel>

代码编译和运行没有任何问题,并且为ObservableCollection中的每个项目创建一个卡片并在StackPanel中可见,但是,每个卡片的标题和描述都是空白的,不会获取其各自NextBestAction的数据。

我觉得我已经完成了90%。我将不胜感激任何帮助。谢谢!

更新/编辑 1:目前未调用/命中 NextBestActionTypeConverter。如果我从 XAML 中删除 ItemsControl.ItemTemplate 定义,则会调用 NextBestActionTypeConverter,但将 destinationType 作为"字符串"。我正在尝试强制/设置项目控件以了解它将表示为卡片。

更新/编辑 2(答案):以下是答案的片段:

// Override ConvertTo to convert from an instance of NextBestAction to Card. 
    public override object ConvertTo(ITypeDescriptorContext context, System.Globalization.CultureInfo culture, object value, Type destinationType)
    {
        if (destinationType == null)
        {
            throw new ArgumentNullException("destinationType");
        }
        //Convert Complex to a string in a standard format.
        NextBestAction nextBestAction = value as NextBestAction;
        if (nextBestAction != null && this.CanConvertTo(context, destinationType) && destinationType == typeof(Card))
        {
            try
            {
                return new Card();
            }
            catch (Exception e)
            {
                throw new Exception(String.Format("Cannot convert '{0}' ({1}) because {2}", value, value.GetType(), e.Message), e);
            }
        }
        return base.ConvertTo(context, culture, value, destinationType);
    }

public partial class Card : UserControl
{
    public Card()
    {
        InitializeComponent();
    }
}

<UserControl x:Class="AdvancedTeller.Card"
         xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
         xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
         xmlns:mc="http://schemas.openxmlformats.org/markup-compatibility/2006" 
         xmlns:d="http://schemas.microsoft.com/expression/blend/2008" 
         xmlns:local="clr-namespace:AdvancedTeller"
         mc:Ignorable="d" 
         d:DesignWidth="300" Background="White" BorderBrush="#FF333333" VerticalContentAlignment="Top" Width="400">
<Grid Margin="10" VerticalAlignment="Top">
    <Grid.RowDefinitions>
        <RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
        <RowDefinition Height="Auto" />
    </Grid.RowDefinitions>
    <TextBlock Name="Title" Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="0" FontSize="18.667" Margin="3" Text="{Binding Title}"/>
    <TextBlock Name="Description"  Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="1" VerticalAlignment="Top" TextWrapping="Wrap" Margin="3" Text="{Binding Description}"/>
</Grid>

将自定义用户控件的 StackPanel 绑定到自定义类的可观察集合

我可以看到您的代码中存在一些潜在的问题点。

首先,看起来您没有完整的属性,具有get; set;访问器方法,为NextBestAction对象中的TitleDescription定义。

如果我没记错的话,WPF 的绑定系统需要使用 get/set 访问器的完整属性,并且不会绑定到没有它们的字段。

所以

public string title, description;

应该成为

public string Title { get; set; }
public string Description { get; set; }

另一个潜在的问题可能是您没有绑定 .Card用户控件中的标题/说明文本框的文本属性。

因此,假设您没有使用基于 .Name 属性自动创建绑定的框架,例如 Caliburn Micro,则此代码

<TextBlock Name="Title" ... />
<TextBlock Name="Description" ... />

应该是

<TextBlock Name="Title" Text="{Binding Title}" ... />
<TextBlock Name="Description" Text="{Binding Description}" ... />

另外,我很确定绑定区分大小写,因此您要确保绑定(如果使用 Caliburn Micro,则Name属性)的大小写与您的属性的大小写匹配。

最后,每当我看到一个UserControl硬编码它.DataContext时,我的脑海中就会响起警钟。用户控件不应这样做。他们应该从使用该控件的任何代码中获取其 DataContext,而不应创建自己的代码。删除以下代码行,这些代码行在 Card UserControl 中对.DataContext进行硬编码,然后它将改用 NextBestActions 集合中的任何值。

public Card()
{
    InitializeComponent();
    this.DataContext = this; // Bad!
}
public Card(string title, string description)
{
    InitializeComponent();
    this.DataContext = this; // Bad!
    this.Title.Text = title; // Should be replaced with bindings as above
    this.Description.Text = description; // Should be replaced with bindings as above
}

(作为旁注,我不知道你在用那个TypeConverter:)做什么它通常用于将一种类型转换为另一种类型,例如,当您键入类似 <StackPanel Background="Red" /> 的内容时,将字符串"Red"更改为.Color设置为 Red 的SolidColorBrush。我认为它不适用于您当前的代码,并且建议您完全摆脱它,除非您出于某些特定原因需要它。