C# Web 浏览器控件 - 使用 InvokeMember(“单击”)提交表单不起作用
本文关键字：单击 提交 不起作用 表单 浏览器 Web 控件 InvokeMember 使用 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:33:04
我正在研究自动测试脚本，正在使用WebBrowser控件。我正在尝试提交以下 HTML 并在用户接受服务条款时进行测试：
<form action="http://post.dev.dealerconnextion/k/6hRbDTwn4xGVl2MHITQsBw/hrshq" method="post">
<input name="StepCheck" value="U2FsdGVkX18zMTk5MzE5OUgFyFgD3V5yf5Rwbtfhf3gjdH4KSx4hqj4vkrw7K6e-" type="hidden">
<button type="submit" name="continue" value="y">ACCEPT the terms of use</button>
<button type="submit" name="continue" value="n">DECLINE the terms of use</button>
</form>
// Terms of Use Information
<form action="http://post.dev.dealerconnextion/k/6hRbDTwn4xGVl2MHITQsBw/hrshq" method="post">
<input name="StepCheck" value="U2FsdGVkX18zMTk5MzE5OUgFyFgD3V5yf5Rwbtfhf3gjdH4KSx4hqj4vkrw7K6e-" type="hidden">
<button type="submit" name="continue" value="y">ACCEPT the terms of use</button>
<button type="submit" name="continue" value="n">DECLINE the terms of use</button>
</form>
下面是 C# 中的代码，但不提交表单。
HtmlElementCollection el = webBrowser.Document.GetElementsByTagName("button");
foreach (HtmlElement btn in el)
{
if (btn.InnerText == "ACCEPT the terms of use")
{
btn.InvokeMember("Click");
}
}
任何帮助将不胜感激。谢谢。
以下代码对我有用，使用问题注释中的实时表单操作 URL，使用 IE10 进行测试。按原样尝试。如果它也适合您，请随意将其用作 Web 自动化任务的模板。几点：
-
FEATURE_BROWSER_EMULATION用于确保
WebBrowser的行为方式与独立IE浏览器相同（或尽可能接近）。对于几乎任何基于WebBrowser的项目来说，这都是必须的。我相信这应该有助于解决您这边的原始问题。 -
异步代码用于提高自动化逻辑可靠性，增加支持超时和取消，促进自然线性代码流（使用
async/await）。
C#：
using Microsoft.Win32;
using System;
using System.Diagnostics;
using System.Linq;
using System.Threading;
using System.Threading.Tasks;
using System.Windows.Forms;
namespace WebAutomation
{
// http://stackoverflow.com/q/19044659/1768303
public partial class MainForm : Form
{
WebBrowser webBrowser;
// non-deterministic delay to let AJAX code run
const int AJAX_DELAY = 1000;
// keep track of the main automation task
CancellationTokenSource mainCts;
Task mainTask = null;
public MainForm()
{
SetBrowserFeatureControl(); // set FEATURE_BROWSER_EMULATION first
InitializeComponent();
InitBrowser();
this.Load += (s, e) =>
{
// start the automation when form is loaded
// timeout the whole automation task in 30s
mainCts = new CancellationTokenSource(30000);
mainTask = DoAutomationAsync(mainCts.Token).ContinueWith((completedTask) =>
{
Trace.WriteLine(String.Format("Automation task status: {0}", completedTask.Status.ToString()));
}, TaskScheduler.FromCurrentSynchronizationContext());
};
this.FormClosing += (s, e) =>
{
// cancel the automation if form closes
if (this.mainTask != null && !this.mainTask.IsCompleted)
mainCts.Cancel();
};
}
// create a WebBrowser instance (could use an existing one)
void InitBrowser()
{
this.webBrowser = new WebBrowser();
this.webBrowser.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;
this.Controls.Add(this.webBrowser);
this.webBrowser.Visible = true;
}
// the main automation logic
async Task DoAutomationAsync(CancellationToken ct)
{
await NavigateAsync(ct, () => this.webBrowser.Navigate("http://localhost:81/test.html"), 10000); // timeout in 10s
// page loaded, log the page's HTML
Trace.WriteLine(GetBrowserDocumentHtml());
// do the DOM automation
HtmlElementCollection all = webBrowser.Document.GetElementsByTagName("button");
// throw if none or more than one element found
HtmlElement btn = all.Cast<HtmlElement>().Single(
el => el.InnerHtml == "ACCEPT the terms of use");
ct.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
// simulate a click which causes navigation
await NavigateAsync(ct, () => btn.InvokeMember("click"), 10000); // timeout in 10s
// form submitted and new page loaded, log the page's HTML
Trace.WriteLine(GetBrowserDocumentHtml());
// could continue with another NavigateAsync
// othrwise, the automation session completed
}
// Get the full HTML content of the document
string GetBrowserDocumentHtml()
{
return this.webBrowser.Document.GetElementsByTagName("html")[0].OuterHtml;
}
// Async navigation
async Task NavigateAsync(CancellationToken ct, Action startNavigation, int timeout = Timeout.Infinite)
{
var onloadTcs = new TaskCompletionSource<bool>();
EventHandler onloadEventHandler = null;
WebBrowserDocumentCompletedEventHandler documentCompletedHandler = delegate
{
// DocumentCompleted may be called several time for the same page,
// beacuse of frames
if (onloadEventHandler != null || onloadTcs == null || onloadTcs.Task.IsCompleted)
return;
// handle DOM onload event to make sure the document is fully loaded
onloadEventHandler = (s, e) =>
onloadTcs.TrySetResult(true);
this.webBrowser.Document.Window.AttachEventHandler("onload", onloadEventHandler);
};
using (var cts = CancellationTokenSource.CreateLinkedTokenSource(ct))
{
if (timeout != Timeout.Infinite)
cts.CancelAfter(Timeout.Infinite);
using (cts.Token.Register(() => onloadTcs.TrySetCanceled(), useSynchronizationContext: true))
{
this.webBrowser.DocumentCompleted += documentCompletedHandler;
try
{
startNavigation();
// wait for DOM onload, throw if cancelled
await onloadTcs.Task;
ct.ThrowIfCancellationRequested();
// let AJAX code run, throw if cancelled
await Task.Delay(AJAX_DELAY, ct);
}
finally
{
this.webBrowser.DocumentCompleted -= documentCompletedHandler;
if (onloadEventHandler != null)
this.webBrowser.Document.Window.DetachEventHandler("onload", onloadEventHandler);
}
}
}
}
// Browser feature conntrol
void SetBrowserFeatureControl()
{
// http://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ee330720(v=vs.85).aspx
// FeatureControl settings are per-process
var fileName = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(Process.GetCurrentProcess().MainModule.FileName);
// make the control is not running inside Visual Studio Designer
if (String.Compare(fileName, "devenv.exe", true) == 0 || String.Compare(fileName, "XDesProc.exe", true) == 0)
return;
SetBrowserFeatureControlKey("FEATURE_BROWSER_EMULATION", fileName, GetBrowserEmulationMode()); // Webpages containing standards-based !DOCTYPE directives are displayed in IE10 Standards mode.
}
void SetBrowserFeatureControlKey(string feature, string appName, uint value)
{
using (var key = Registry.CurrentUser.CreateSubKey(
String.Concat(@"Software'Microsoft'Internet Explorer'Main'FeatureControl'", feature),
RegistryKeyPermissionCheck.ReadWriteSubTree))
{
key.SetValue(appName, (UInt32)value, RegistryValueKind.DWord);
}
}
UInt32 GetBrowserEmulationMode()
{
int browserVersion = 7;
using (var ieKey = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(@"SOFTWARE'Microsoft'Internet Explorer",
RegistryKeyPermissionCheck.ReadSubTree,
System.Security.AccessControl.RegistryRights.QueryValues))
{
var version = ieKey.GetValue("svcVersion");
if (null == version)
{
version = ieKey.GetValue("Version");
if (null == version)
throw new ApplicationException("Microsoft Internet Explorer is required!");
}
int.TryParse(version.ToString().Split('.')[0], out browserVersion);
}
UInt32 mode = 10000; // Internet Explorer 10. Webpages containing standards-based !DOCTYPE directives are displayed in IE10 Standards mode. Default value for Internet Explorer 10.
switch (browserVersion)
{
case 7:
mode = 7000; // Webpages containing standards-based !DOCTYPE directives are displayed in IE7 Standards mode. Default value for applications hosting the WebBrowser Control.
break;
case 8:
mode = 8000; // Webpages containing standards-based !DOCTYPE directives are displayed in IE8 mode. Default value for Internet Explorer 8
break;
case 9:
mode = 9000; // Internet Explorer 9. Webpages containing standards-based !DOCTYPE directives are displayed in IE9 mode. Default value for Internet Explorer 9.
break;
default:
// use IE10 mode by default
break;
}
return mode;
}
}
}
http://localhost:81/test.html内容：
<!DOCTYPE html>
<head>
<meta http-equiv="X-UA-Compatible" content="IE=edge"/>
</head>
<body>
<form action="<the URL from OP's comments>" method="post">
<input name="StepCheck" value="U2FsdGVkX18zMTk5MzE5OUgFyFgD3V5yf5Rwbtfhf3gjdH4KSx4hqj4vkrw7K6e-" type="hidden">
<button type="submit" name="continue" value="y">ACCEPT the terms of use</button>
<button type="submit" name="continue" value="n">DECLINE the terms of use</button>
</form>
</body>
这对我有用，如下所示。 愿这对某人有用。
首先，我在获得焦点时为按钮元素创建一个事件处理程序。使用适当的值填充所有其他表单元素后，应将焦点放在按钮上，如下所示：
HtmlElement xUsername = xDoc.GetElementById("username_txt");
HtmlElement xPassword = xDoc.GetElementById("password_txt");
HtmlElement btnSubmit = xDoc.GetElementById("btnSubmit");
if (xUsername != null && xPassword != null && btnSubmit != null)
{
xUsername.SetAttribute("value", "testUserName");
xPassword.SetAttribute("value", "123456789");
btnSubmit.GotFocus += BtnSubmit_GotFocus;
btnSubmit.Focus();
}
然后事件处理程序实现将如下所示：
private void BtnSubmit_GotFocus(object sender, HtmlElementEventArgs e)
{
var btnSubmit = sender as HtmlElement;
btnSubmit.RaiseEvent("onclick");
btnSubmit.InvokeMember("click");
}
就我而言，我也无法通过简单地调用找到的元素的 Click 方法来单击元素。有效的是Ali Tabandeh在上面的回答中列出的类似解决方案：
- 查找所需的 HTML 元素
- 定义正确的 GotFocus 事件处理程序
- 然后调用找到的元素的 Focus 方法。
GotFocus 的事件处理程序应该
- 提高事件"点击"
- 调用"点击"方法
问题是这在我的情况下从第 3 次开始有效（调用 htmlelement 需要 3 次。焦点（））。