上载 Excel 工作表并将数据导入 SQL Server 数据库
本文关键字：导入 SQL Server 数据库 数据 Excel 工作 上载 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:33:15
我正在开发这个简单的应用程序来上传Excel文件(.xlsx(，并将该Excel工作表中的数据导入.NET中的SQL Server Express数据库中
我在浏览并选择文件后单击导入按钮时使用以下代码。
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
String strConnection = "Data Source=.''SQLEXPRESS;AttachDbFilename='C:''Users''Hemant''documents''visual studio 2010''Projects''CRMdata''CRMdata''App_Data''Database1.mdf';Integrated Security=True;User Instance=True";
//file upload path
string path = FileUpload1.PostedFile.FileName;
//string path="C:'' Users'' Hemant''Documents''example.xlsx";
//Create connection string to Excel work book
string excelConnectionString = @"Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source=" + path + ";Extended Properties=Excel 12.0;Persist Security Info=False";
//Create Connection to Excel work book
OleDbConnection excelConnection = new OleDbConnection(excelConnectionString);
//Create OleDbCommand to fetch data from Excel
OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand("Select [ID],[Name],[Designation] from [Sheet1$]", excelConnection);
excelConnection.Open();
OleDbDataReader dReader;
dReader = cmd.ExecuteReader();
SqlBulkCopy sqlBulk = new SqlBulkCopy(strConnection);
//Give your Destination table name
sqlBulk.DestinationTableName = "Excel_table";
sqlBulk.WriteToServer(dReader);
excelConnection.Close();
}
但是当我使用
string path = FileUpload1.PostedFile.FileName;`
甚至
string path="C:' Users' Hemant'Documents'example.xlsx";`
dReader无法采用此格式的路径。
它只能采用以下格式的路径
string path="C:'' Users'' Hemant''Documents''example.xlsx";
即路径中的''。为此，我必须对路径进行硬编码，但我们必须浏览文件。
那么，任何人都可以提出一个解决方案来使用FileUpload1所采用的路径来导入数据吗？
您正在处理一个 HttpPostedFile;这是"上传"到 Web 服务器的文件。您确实需要将该文件保存在某个地方然后使用它，因为...
。在您的实例中，恰好您在文件所在的同一台计算机上托管您的网站，因此路径是可访问的。一旦将站点部署到另一台计算机，您的代码就无法正常工作。
将其分解为两个步骤：
1(将文件保存在某处 - 经常看到这个：
string saveFolder = @"C:'temp'uploads"; //Pick a folder on your machine to store the uploaded files
string filePath = Path.Combine(saveFolder, FileUpload1.FileName);
FileUpload1.SaveAs(filePath);
现在，您可以在本地拥有文件，并且可以完成实际工作。
2( 从文件中获取数据。代码应按原样工作，但只需按以下方式编写连接字符串：
string excelConnString = String.Format("Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source={0};Extended Properties="Excel 12.0";", filePath);
然后，您可以考虑删除刚刚上传和导入的文件。
为了提供更具体的示例，我们可以将代码重构为两种方法：
private void SaveFileToDatabase(string filePath)
{
String strConnection = "Data Source=.''SQLEXPRESS;AttachDbFilename='C:''Users''Hemant''documents''visual studio 2010''Projects''CRMdata''CRMdata''App_Data''Database1.mdf';Integrated Security=True;User Instance=True";
String excelConnString = String.Format("Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source={0};Extended Properties='"Excel 12.0'"", filePath);
//Create Connection to Excel work book
using (OleDbConnection excelConnection = new OleDbConnection(excelConnString))
{
//Create OleDbCommand to fetch data from Excel
using (OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand("Select [ID],[Name],[Designation] from [Sheet1$]", excelConnection))
{
excelConnection.Open();
using (OleDbDataReader dReader = cmd.ExecuteReader())
{
using(SqlBulkCopy sqlBulk = new SqlBulkCopy(strConnection))
{
//Give your Destination table name
sqlBulk.DestinationTableName = "Excel_table";
sqlBulk.WriteToServer(dReader);
}
}
}
}
}
private string GetLocalFilePath(string saveDirectory, FileUpload fileUploadControl)
{
string filePath = Path.Combine(saveDirectory, fileUploadControl.FileName);
fileUploadControl.SaveAs(filePath);
return filePath;
}
您可以简单地致电SaveFileToDatabase(GetLocalFilePath(@"C:'temp'uploads", FileUpload1));
请考虑查看 Excel 连接字符串的其他扩展属性。它们很有用！
您可能希望进行的其他改进包括将 Sql 数据库连接字符串放入配置中，以及添加适当的异常处理。请考虑此示例仅用于演示！
不确定为什么文件路径不起作用，我有一些类似的代码可以正常工作。但是，如果使用两个"''"它有效，则始终可以执行path = path.Replace(@"'", @"''");
您可以将 OpenXml SDK 用于 *.xlsx 文件。它工作得非常快。我为这个 sdk 做了简单的 C# IDataReader 实现。看这里。现在，您可以使用SqlBulkCopy轻松地将excel文件导入SQL服务器数据库。它使用小内存，因为它通过SAX(Simple API for XML(方法(OpenXmlReader(读取。
例：
private static void DataReaderBulkCopySample()
{
using (var reader = new ExcelDataReader(@"test.xlsx"))
{
var cols = Enumerable.Range(0, reader.FieldCount).Select(i => reader.GetName(i)).ToArray();
DataHelper.CreateTableIfNotExists(ConnectionString, TableName, cols);
using (var bulkCopy = new SqlBulkCopy(ConnectionString))
{
// MSDN: When EnableStreaming is true, SqlBulkCopy reads from an IDataReader object using SequentialAccess,
// optimizing memory usage by using the IDataReader streaming capabilities
bulkCopy.EnableStreaming = true;
bulkCopy.DestinationTableName = TableName;
foreach (var col in cols)
bulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add(col, col);
bulkCopy.WriteToServer(reader);
}
}
}
尝试使用
string filename = Path.GetFileName(FileUploadControl.FileName);
然后使用以下方法将文件保存在指定位置：
FileUploadControl.PostedFile.SaveAs(strpath + filename);
public async Task<HttpResponseMessage> PostFormDataAsync() //async is used for defining an asynchronous method
{
if (!Request.Content.IsMimeMultipartContent())
{
throw new HttpResponseException(HttpStatusCode.UnsupportedMediaType);
}
var fileLocation = "";
string root = HttpContext.Current.Server.MapPath("~/App_Data");
MultipartFormDataStreamProvider provider = new MultipartFormDataStreamProvider(root); //Helps in HTML file uploads to write data to File Stream
try
{
// Read the form data.
await Request.Content.ReadAsMultipartAsync(provider);
// This illustrates how to get the file names.
foreach (MultipartFileData file in provider.FileData)
{
Trace.WriteLine(file.Headers.ContentDisposition.FileName); //Gets the file name
var filePath = file.Headers.ContentDisposition.FileName.Substring(1, file.Headers.ContentDisposition.FileName.Length - 2); //File name without the path
File.Copy(file.LocalFileName, file.LocalFileName + filePath); //Save a copy for reading it
fileLocation = file.LocalFileName + filePath; //Complete file location
}
HttpResponseMessage response = Request.CreateResponse(HttpStatusCode.OK, recordStatus);
return response;
}
catch (System.Exception e)
{
return Request.CreateErrorResponse(HttpStatusCode.InternalServerError, e);
}
}
public void ReadFromExcel()
{
try
{
DataTable sheet1 = new DataTable();
OleDbConnectionStringBuilder csbuilder = new OleDbConnectionStringBuilder();
csbuilder.Provider = "Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0";
csbuilder.DataSource = fileLocation;
csbuilder.Add("Extended Properties", "Excel 12.0 Xml;HDR=YES");
string selectSql = @"SELECT * FROM [Sheet1$]";
using (OleDbConnection connection = new OleDbConnection(csbuilder.ConnectionString))
using (OleDbDataAdapter adapter = new OleDbDataAdapter(selectSql, connection))
{
connection.Open();
adapter.Fill(sheet1);
}
}
catch (Exception e)
{
Console.WriteLine(e.Message);
}
}
A proposed solution will be:
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
try
{
CreateXMLFile();
SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(constring);
con.Open();
SqlCommand cmd = new SqlCommand("bulk_in", con);
cmd.CommandType = CommandType.StoredProcedure;
cmd.Parameters.AddWithValue("@account_det", sw_XmlString.ToString ());
int i= cmd.ExecuteNonQuery();
if(i>0)
{
Label1.Text = "File Upload successfully";
}
else
{
Label1.Text = "File Upload unsuccessfully";
return;
}
con.Close();
}
catch(SqlException ex)
{
Label1.Text = ex.Message.ToString();
}
}
public void CreateXMLFile()
{
try
{
M_Filepath = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(FileUpload1.PostedFile.FileName);
fileExtn = Path.GetExtension(M_Filepath);
strGuid = System.Guid.NewGuid().ToString();
fNameArray = M_Filepath.Split('.');
fName = fNameArray[0];
xlRptName = fName + "_" + strGuid + "_" + DateTime.Now.ToShortDateString ().Replace ('/','-');
fileName = xlRptName.Trim() + fileExtn.Trim() ;
FileUpload1.PostedFile.SaveAs(ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ImportFilePath"]+ fileName);
strFileName = Path.GetFileName(FileUpload1.PostedFile.FileName).ToUpper() ;
if (((strFileName) != "DEMO.XLS") && ((strFileName) != "DEMO.XLSX"))
{
Label1.Text = "Excel File Must be DEMO.XLS or DEMO.XLSX";
}
FileUpload1.PostedFile.SaveAs(System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ImportFilePath"] + fileName);
lstrFilePath = System.Configuration.ConfigurationManager.AppSettings["ImportFilePath"] + fileName;
if (strFileName == "DEMO.XLS")
{
strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.JET.OLEDB.4.0;" + "Data Source=" + lstrFilePath + ";" + "Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=YES;'";
}
if (strFileName == "DEMO.XLSX")
{
strConn = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;" + "Data Source=" + lstrFilePath + ";" + "Extended Properties='Excel 12.0;HDR=YES;'";
}
strSQL = " Select [Name],[Mobile_num],[Account_number],[Amount],[date_a2] FROM [Sheet1$]";
OleDbDataAdapter mydata = new OleDbDataAdapter(strSQL, strConn);
mydata.TableMappings.Add("Table", "arul");
mydata.Fill(dsExcl);
dsExcl.DataSetName = "DocumentElement";
intRowCnt = dsExcl.Tables[0].Rows.Count;
intColCnt = dsExcl.Tables[0].Rows.Count;
if(intRowCnt <1)
{
Label1.Text = "No records in Excel File";
return;
}
if (dsExcl==null)
{
}
else
if(dsExcl.Tables[0].Rows.Count >= 1000 )
{
Label1.Text = "Excel data must be in less than 1000 ";
}
for (intCtr = 0; intCtr <= dsExcl.Tables[0].Rows.Count - 1; intCtr++)
{
if (Convert.IsDBNull(dsExcl.Tables[0].Rows[intCtr]["Name"]))
{
strValid = "";
}
else
{
strValid = dsExcl.Tables[0].Rows[intCtr]["Name"].ToString();
}
if (strValid == "")
{
Label1.Text = "Name should not be empty";
return;
}
else
{
strValid = "";
}
if (Convert.IsDBNull(dsExcl.Tables[0].Rows[intCtr]["Mobile_num"]))
{
strValid = "";
}
else
{
strValid = dsExcl.Tables[0].Rows[intCtr]["Mobile_num"].ToString();
}
if (strValid == "")
{
Label1.Text = "Mobile_num should not be empty";
}
else
{
strValid = "";
}
if (Convert.IsDBNull(dsExcl.Tables[0].Rows[intCtr]["Account_number"]))
{
strValid = "";
}
else
{
strValid = dsExcl.Tables[0].Rows[intCtr]["Account_number"].ToString();
}
if (strValid == "")
{
Label1.Text = "Account_number should not be empty";
}
else
{
strValid = "";
}
if (Convert.IsDBNull(dsExcl.Tables[0].Rows[intCtr]["Amount"]))
{
strValid = "";
}
else
{
strValid = dsExcl.Tables[0].Rows[intCtr]["Amount"].ToString();
}
if (strValid == "")
{
Label1.Text = "Amount should not be empty";
}
else
{
strValid = "";
}
if (Convert.IsDBNull(dsExcl.Tables[0].Rows[intCtr]["date_a2"]))
{
strValid = "";
}
else
{
strValid = dsExcl.Tables[0].Rows[intCtr]["date_a2"].ToString();
}
if (strValid == "")
{
Label1.Text = "date_a2 should not be empty";
}
else
{
strValid = "";
}
}
}
catch
{
}
try
{
if(dsExcl.Tables[0].Rows.Count >0)
{
dr = dsExcl.Tables[0].Rows[0];
}
dsExcl.Tables[0].TableName = "arul";
dsExcl.WriteXml(sw_XmlString, XmlWriteMode.IgnoreSchema);
}
catch
{
}
}`enter code here`
using System.IO;
using System.Data;
using System.Data.OleDb;
using System.Data.SqlClient;
using System.Configuration;
protected void Button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//Upload and save the file
string excelPath = Server.MapPath("~/Files/") + Path.GetFileName(FileUpload1.PostedFile.FileName);
FileUpload1.SaveAs(excelPath);
string conString = string.Empty;
string extension = Path.GetExtension(FileUpload1.PostedFile.FileName);
switch (extension)
{
case ".xls": //Excel 97-03
conString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["Excel03ConString"].ConnectionString;
break;
case ".xlsx": //Excel 07 or higher
conString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["Excel07+ConString"].ConnectionString;
break;
}
conString = string.Format(conString, excelPath);
using (OleDbConnection excel_con = new OleDbConnection(conString))
{
excel_con.Open();
string sheet1 = excel_con.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, null).Rows[0]["TABLE_NAME"].ToString();
DataTable dtExcelData = new DataTable();
//[OPTIONAL]: It is recommended as otherwise the data will be considered as String by default.
dtExcelData.Columns.AddRange(new DataColumn[2] { new DataColumn("Id", typeof(int)),
new DataColumn("Name", typeof(string)) });
using (OleDbDataAdapter oda = new OleDbDataAdapter("SELECT * FROM [" + sheet1 + "]", excel_con))
{
oda.Fill(dtExcelData);
}
excel_con.Close();
string consString = ConfigurationManager.ConnectionStrings["dbcn"].ConnectionString;
using (SqlConnection con = new SqlConnection(consString))
{
using (SqlBulkCopy sqlBulkCopy = new SqlBulkCopy(con))
{
//Set the database table name
sqlBulkCopy.DestinationTableName = "dbo.Table1";
//[OPTIONAL]: Map the Excel columns with that of the database table
sqlBulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("Sl", "Id");
sqlBulkCopy.ColumnMappings.Add("Name", "Name");
con.Open();
sqlBulkCopy.WriteToServer(dtExcelData);
con.Close();
}
}
}
}
在网络配置中复制它
<add name="Excel03ConString" connectionString="Provider=Microsoft.Jet.OLEDB.4.0;Data Source={0};Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=YES'"/>
<add name="Excel07+ConString" connectionString="Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Data Source={0};Extended Properties='Excel 8.0;HDR=YES'"/>
您也可以参考此链接：https://athiraji.blogspot.com/2019/03/how-to-upload-excel-fle-to-database.html
protected void btnUpload_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
divStatusMsg.Style.Add("display", "none");
divStatusMsg.Attributes.Add("class", "alert alert-danger alert-dismissable");
divStatusMsg.InnerText = "";
ViewState["Fuletypeidlist"] = "0";
grdExcel.DataSource = null;
grdExcel.DataBind();
if (Page.IsValid)
{
bool logval = true;
if (logval == true)
{
String img_1 = fuUploadExcelName.PostedFile.FileName;
String img_2 = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(img_1);
string extn = System.IO.Path.GetExtension(img_1);
string frstfilenamepart = "";
frstfilenamepart = "DateExcel" + DateTime.Now.ToString("ddMMyyyyhhmmss"); ;
UploadExcelName.Value = frstfilenamepart + extn;
fuUploadExcelName.SaveAs(Server.MapPath("~/Emp/DateExcel/") + "/" + UploadExcelName.Value);
string PathName = Server.MapPath("~/Emp/DateExcel/") + "''" + UploadExcelName.Value;
GetExcelSheetForEmp(PathName, UploadExcelName.Value);
if ((grdExcel.HeaderRow.Cells[0].Text.ToString() == "CODE") && grdExcel.HeaderRow.Cells[1].Text.ToString() == "SAL")
{
GetExcelSheetForEmployeeCode(PathName);
}
else
{
divStatusMsg.Style.Add("display", "");
divStatusMsg.Attributes.Add("class", "alert alert-danger alert-dismissable");
divStatusMsg.InnerText = "ERROR !!...Please Upload Excel Sheet in header Defined Format ";
}
}
}
}
private void GetExcelSheetForEmployeeCode(string filename)
{
int count = 0;
int selectedcheckbox = 0;
string empcodeexcel = "";
string empcodegrid = "";
string excelFile = "Employee/DateExcel" + filename;
OleDbConnection objConn = null;
System.Data.DataTable dt = null;
try
{
DataSet ds = new DataSet();
String connString = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Persist Security Info=True;Extended Properties=Excel 12.0 Xml;Data Source=" + filename;
// Create connection.
objConn = new OleDbConnection(connString);
// Opens connection with the database.
if (objConn.State == ConnectionState.Closed)
{
objConn.Open();
}
// Get the data table containing the schema guid, and also sheet names.
dt = objConn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, null);
if (dt == null)
{
return;
}
String[] excelSheets = new String[dt.Rows.Count];
int i = 0;
// Add the sheet name to the string array.
// And respective data will be put into dataset table
foreach (DataRow row in dt.Rows)
{
if (i == 0)
{
excelSheets[i] = row["TABLE_NAME"].ToString();
OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand("SELECT DISTINCT * FROM [" + excelSheets[i] + "]", objConn);
OleDbDataAdapter oleda = new OleDbDataAdapter();
oleda.SelectCommand = cmd;
oleda.Fill(ds, "TABLE");
if (ds.Tables[0].ToString() != null)
{
for (int j = 0; j < ds.Tables[0].Rows.Count; j++)
{
for (int k = 0; k < GrdEmplist.Rows.Count; k++)
{
empcodeexcel = ds.Tables[0].Rows[j][0].ToString();
date.Value = ds.Tables[0].Rows[j][1].ToString();
Label lbl_EmpCode = (Label)GrdEmplist.Rows[k].FindControl("lblGrdCode");
empcodegrid = lbl_Code.Text;
CheckBox chk = (CheckBox)GrdEmplist.Rows[k].FindControl("chkSingle");
TextBox txt_Sal = (TextBox)GrdEmplist.Rows[k].FindControl("txtSal");
if ((empcodegrid == empcodeexcel) && (date.Value != ""))
{
chk.Checked = true;
txt_Sal.Text = date.Value;
selectedcheckbox = selectedcheckbox + 1;
lblSelectedRecord.InnerText = selectedcheckbox.ToString();
count++;
}
if (chk.Checked == true)
{
}
}
}
}
}
i++;
}
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ShowMessage(ex.Message.ToString(), 0);
}
finally
{
// Clean up.
if (objConn != null)
{
objConn.Close();
objConn.Dispose();
}
if (dt != null)
{
dt.Dispose();
}
}
}
private void GetExcelSheetForEmp(string PathName, string UploadExcelName)
{
string excelFile = "DateExcel/" + PathName;
OleDbConnection objConn = null;
System.Data.DataTable dt = null;
try
{
DataSet dss = new DataSet();
String connString = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Persist Security Info=True;Extended Properties=Excel 12.0 Xml;Data Source=" + PathName;
objConn = new OleDbConnection(connString);
objConn.Open();
dt = objConn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, null);
if (dt == null)
{
return;
}
String[] excelSheets = new String[dt.Rows.Count];
int i = 0;
foreach (DataRow row in dt.Rows)
{
if (i == 0)
{
excelSheets[i] = row["TABLE_NAME"].ToString();
OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand("SELECT * FROM [" + excelSheets[i] + "]", objConn);
OleDbDataAdapter oleda = new OleDbDataAdapter();
oleda.SelectCommand = cmd;
oleda.Fill(dss, "TABLE");
}
i++;
}
grdExcel.DataSource = dss.Tables[0].DefaultView;
grdExcel.DataBind();
lblTotalRec.InnerText = Convert.ToString(grdExcel.Rows.Count);
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ViewState["Fuletypeidlist"] = "0";
grdExcel.DataSource = null;
grdExcel.DataBind();
}
finally
{
if (objConn != null)
{
objConn.Close();
objConn.Dispose();
}
if (dt != null)
{
dt.Dispose();
}
}
}
protected void btnUpload_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
if (Page.IsValid)
{
bool logval = true;
if (logval == true)
{
String img_1 = fuUploadExcelName.PostedFile.FileName;
String img_2 = System.IO.Path.GetFileName(img_1);
string extn = System.IO.Path.GetExtension(img_1);
string frstfilenamepart = "";
frstfilenamepart = "Emp" + DateTime.Now.ToString("ddMMyyyyhhmmss"); ;
UploadExcelName.Value = frstfilenamepart + extn;
fuUploadExcelName.SaveAs(Server.MapPath("~/Emp/EmpExcel/") + "/" + UploadExcelName.Value);
string PathName = Server.MapPath("~/Emp/EmpExcel/") + "''" + UploadExcelName.Value;
GetExcelSheetForEmp(PathName, UploadExcelName.Value);
}
}
}
private void GetExcelSheetForEmp(string PathName, string UploadExcelName)
{
string excelFile = "EmpExcel/" + PathName;
OleDbConnection objConn = null;
System.Data.DataTable dt = null;
try
{
DataSet dss = new DataSet();
String connString = "Provider=Microsoft.ACE.OLEDB.12.0;Persist Security Info=True;Extended Properties=Excel 12.0 Xml;Data Source=" + PathName;
objConn = new OleDbConnection(connString);
objConn.Open();
dt = objConn.GetOleDbSchemaTable(OleDbSchemaGuid.Tables, null);
if (dt == null)
{
return;
}
String[] excelSheets = new String[dt.Rows.Count];
int i = 0;
foreach (DataRow row in dt.Rows)
{
if (i == 0)
{
excelSheets[i] = row["TABLE_NAME"].ToString();
OleDbCommand cmd = new OleDbCommand("SELECT * FROM [" + excelSheets[i] + "]", objConn);
OleDbDataAdapter oleda = new OleDbDataAdapter();
oleda.SelectCommand = cmd;
oleda.Fill(dss, "TABLE");
}
i++;
}
grdByExcel.DataSource = dss.Tables[0].DefaultView;
grdByExcel.DataBind();
}
catch (Exception ex)
{
ViewState["Fuletypeidlist"] = "0";
grdByExcel.DataSource = null;
grdByExcel.DataBind();
}
finally
{
if (objConn != null)
{
objConn.Close();
objConn.Dispose();
}
if (dt != null)
{
dt.Dispose();
}
}
}