应用程序在 的协同创建实例期间挂起.基于 NET 的 COM 对象

本文关键字：基于 挂起 NET COM 对象 实例 创建 应用程序 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:33:48

我有一个C++DLL，它正在创建在.NET中实现的COM对象的实例。在许多情况下，这工作正常，但在某些情况下，它会挂起应用程序，我看到它卡在以下调用堆栈中(这只是我的 DLL 代码级别下面的部分(：

ntdll.dll!_NtAlpcSendWaitReceivePort@32()
rpcrt4.dll!LRPC_CASSOCIATION::AlpcSendWaitReceivePort(unsigned long,struct _PORT_MESSAGE *,struct _ALPC_MESSAGE_ATTRIBUTES *,struct _PORT_MESSAGE *,unsigned long *,struct _ALPC_MESSAGE_ATTRIBUTES *,union _LARGE_INTEGER *)
rpcrt4.dll!LRPC_BASE_CCALL::DoSendReceive(void)
rpcrt4.dll!LRPC_BASE_CCALL::SendReceive(struct _RPC_MESSAGE *)
rpcrt4.dll!_I_RpcSendReceive@4()
rpcrt4.dll!_NdrSendReceive@8()
rpcrt4.dll!@NdrpSendReceive@4()
rpcrt4.dll!_NdrClientCall2()
combase.dll!ServerAllocateOXIDAndOIDs(void * hServer, void * phProcess, unsigned __int64 * poxidServer, unsigned long cOids, unsigned __int64 * aOid, unsigned long * pcOidsAllocated, const tagOXID_INFO * poxidInfo, tagDUALSTRINGARRAY * pdsaStringBindings, tagDUALSTRINGARRAY * pdsaSecurityBindings, unsigned __int64 * pdwOrBindingsID, tagDUALSTRINGARRAY * * ppdsaOrBindings) Line 246
combase.dll!CRpcResolver::ServerRegisterOXID(const tagOXID_INFO & oxidInfo, unsigned __int64 * poxid, unsigned long * pcOidsToAllocate, unsigned __int64 * arNewOidList) Line 1020
combase.dll!OXIDEntry::RegisterOXIDAndOIDs(unsigned long * pcOids, unsigned __int64 * pOids) Line 1631
combase.dll!OXIDEntry::AllocOIDs(unsigned long * pcOidsAlloc, unsigned __int64 * pOidsAlloc, unsigned long cOidsReturn, unsigned __int64 * pOidsReturn)
combase.dll!CComApartment::CallTheResolver() Line 856
combase.dll!CComApartment::InitRemoting() Line 1166
combase.dll!CComApartment::StartServer() Line 1386
combase.dll!InitChannelIfNecessary() Line 1393
combase.dll!ClassicSTAThreadWaitForHandles(unsigned long dwFlags, unsigned long dwTimeout, unsigned long cHandles, void * * pHandles, unsigned long * pdwIndex) Line 34
combase.dll!CoWaitForMultipleHandles(unsigned long dwFlags, unsigned long dwTimeout, unsigned long cHandles, void * * pHandles, unsigned long * lpdwindex)
mscorwks.dll!NT5WaitRoutine(int,unsigned long,int,void * *,int)
mscorwks.dll!MsgWaitHelper(int,void * *,int,unsigned long,int)
mscorwks.dll!Thread::DoAppropriateAptStateWait(int,void * *,int,unsigned long,enum WaitMode)
mscorwks.dll!Thread::DoAppropriateWaitWorker(int,void * *,int,unsigned long,enum WaitMode)
mscorwks.dll!Thread::DoAppropriateWait(int,void * *,int,unsigned long,enum WaitMode,struct PendingSync *)
mscorwks.dll!CLREvent::WaitEx(unsigned long,enum WaitMode,struct PendingSync *)
mscorwks.dll!CLREvent::Wait(unsigned long,int,struct PendingSync *)
mscorwks.dll!CExecutionEngine::WaitForEvent(void *,unsigned long,int)
mscorwks.dll!ClrWaitEvent(void *,unsigned long,int)
mscorwks.dll!FusionSink::Wait(void)
mscorwks.dll!AssemblySink::Wait(void)
mscorwks.dll!FusionBind::RemoteLoad(struct IApplicationContext *,class FusionSink *,struct IAssemblyName *,struct IAssembly *,unsigned short const *,struct IAssembly * *,struct IHostAssembly * *,struct IAssembly * *,int)
mscorwks.dll!FusionBind::LoadAssembly(struct IApplicationContext *,class FusionSink *,struct IAssembly * *,struct IHostAssembly * *,struct IAssembly * *,int)
mscorwks.dll!AssemblySpec::FindAssemblyFile(class AppDomain *,int,struct IAssembly * *,struct IHostAssembly * *,struct IAssembly * *,struct IFusionBindLog * *,enum StackCrawlMark *)
mscorwks.dll!AppDomain::BindAssemblySpec(class AssemblySpec *,int,int,enum StackCrawlMark *)
mscorwks.dll!AssemblySpec::LoadDomainAssembly(enum FileLoadLevel,class Object * *,class Object * *,int,int,int,enum StackCrawlMark *)
mscorwks.dll!AssemblySpec::LoadAssembly(enum FileLoadLevel,class Object * *,class Object * *,int,int,int,enum StackCrawlMark *)
mscorwks.dll!AppDomain::LoadAssemblyHelper(unsigned short const *,unsigned short const *)
mscorwks.dll!AppDomain::LoadCOMClass(struct _GUID,int,int *)
mscorwks.dll!GetTypeForCLSID(struct _GUID const &,int *)
mscorwks.dll!EEDllGetClassObject(struct _GUID const &,struct _GUID const &,void * *)
mscorwks.dll!_InternalDllGetClassObject@12()
mscorwks.dll!_DllGetClassObjectInternal@12()
mscoreei.dll!_DllGetClassObject@12()
combase.dll!CClassCache::CDllPathEntry::GetClassObject(const _GUID & pClsid, const _GUID & pIid, void * * ppv) Line 2691
combase.dll!CClassCache::CDllPathEntry::DllGetClassObject(const _GUID & rclsid, const _GUID & riid, IUnknown * * ppUnk, int fMakeValid) Line 3892
combase.dll!CClassCache::CDllFnPtrMoniker::BindToObjectNoSwitch(const _GUID & riid, void * * ppvResult) Line 4406
combase.dll!CClassCache::GetClassObject(const ACTIVATION_PROPERTIES & ap) Line 5816
combase.dll!CServerContextActivator::CreateInstance(IUnknown * pUnkOuter, IActivationPropertiesIn * pInActProperties, IActivationPropertiesOut * * ppOutActProperties) Line 999
combase.dll!ActivationPropertiesIn::DelegateCreateInstance(IUnknown * pUnkOuter, IActivationPropertiesOut * * ppActPropsOut) Line 1854
combase.dll!CApartmentActivator::CreateInstance(IUnknown * pUnkOuter, IActivationPropertiesIn * pInActProperties, IActivationPropertiesOut * * ppOutActProperties) Line 2323
combase.dll!CProcessActivator::CCICallback(unsigned long dwContext, IUnknown * pUnkOuter, ActivationPropertiesIn * pActIn, IActivationPropertiesIn * pInActProperties, IActivationPropertiesOut * * ppOutActProperties)
combase.dll!CProcessActivator::AttemptActivation(ActivationPropertiesIn * pActIn, IUnknown * pUnkOuter, IActivationPropertiesIn * pInActProperties, IActivationPropertiesOut * * ppOutActProperties, HRESULT (unsigned long, IUnknown *, ActivationPropertiesIn *, IActivationPropertiesIn *, IActivationPropertiesOut * *) * pfnCtxActCallback, unsigned long dwContext) Line 1673
combase.dll!CProcessActivator::ActivateByContext(ActivationPropertiesIn * pActIn, IUnknown * pUnkOuter, IActivationPropertiesIn * pInActProperties, IActivationPropertiesOut * * ppOutActProperties, HRESULT (unsigned long, IUnknown *, ActivationPropertiesIn *, IActivationPropertiesIn *, IActivationPropertiesOut * *) * pfnCtxActCallback) Line 1539
combase.dll!CProcessActivator::CreateInstance(IUnknown * pUnkOuter, IActivationPropertiesIn * pInActProperties, IActivationPropertiesOut * * ppOutActProperties) Line 1417
combase.dll!ActivationPropertiesIn::DelegateCreateInstance(IUnknown * pUnkOuter, IActivationPropertiesOut * * ppActPropsOut) Line 1854
combase.dll!CClientContextActivator::CreateInstance(IUnknown * pUnkOuter, IActivationPropertiesIn * pInActProperties, IActivationPropertiesOut * * ppOutActProperties) Line 713
combase.dll!ActivationPropertiesIn::DelegateCreateInstance(IUnknown * pUnkOuter, IActivationPropertiesOut * * ppActPropsOut)
combase.dll!ICoCreateInstanceEx(const _GUID & OriginalClsid, IUnknown * punkOuter, unsigned long dwClsCtx, _COSERVERINFO * pServerInfo, unsigned long dwCount, unsigned long dwActvFlags, tagMULTI_QI * pResults, ActivationPropertiesIn * pActIn) Line 1645
combase.dll!CComActivator::DoCreateInstance(const _GUID & Clsid, IUnknown * punkOuter, unsigned long dwClsCtx, _COSERVERINFO * pServerInfo, unsigned long dwCount, tagMULTI_QI * pResults, ActivationPropertiesIn * pActIn) Line 376
combase.dll!CoCreateInstance(const _GUID & rclsid, IUnknown * pUnkOuter, unsigned long dwContext, const _GUID & riid, void * * ppv) Line 120

当满足以下所有条件时，发生挂起的情况是：

  1. 该应用程序在干净的 Windows 2012 R2 系统上运行，我刚刚运行了一个安装，该安装尝试安装要运行的应用程序的最小组件集。
  2. 在创建不相关的 COM 对象之前，应用程序不会创建和初始化Microsoft_InteropFormTools.InteropToolbox实例。
  3. 应用程序以无注册的方式安装，而不是使用具有更多开销的旧安装程序，并在注册表中注册 COM DLL，在 GAC 中注册 .NET DLL，并且可能包含最小安装程序忽略的文件。

如果我更改第一个条件并在本地 Windows 7 开发计算机上运行，而不是在干净的 Windows 2012 服务器上运行，则不会出现问题。如果我更改第二个条件，以便代码在创建 COM 对象之前初始化 InteropformTools，那么问题也不会发生。如果我更改第三个条件，以便使用旧的综合安装程序安装产品，则不会出现问题。

如何追踪此问题的根源和/或修复它？

应用程序在 的协同创建实例期间挂起.基于 NET 的 COM 对象

在Microsoft支持和DebugDiag的帮助下，我们已经确定问题的原因似乎与加载程序锁有关。加载程序锁在 https://msdn.microsoft.com/en-us/library/ms173266(v=vs.120( 中有详细记录.aspx但基本上，某些限制适用于在 DllMain 范围内运行的代码或静态非托管代码对象的动态初始化，这些对象的实例需要在加载 DLL 时进行动态初始化(因为它们在全局范围内(。解决此问题的一种方法是告诉C++编译器应使用 CLR 支持编译代码，以便它不会处理 DllMain 中的初始化，而是处理另一个不保留加载程序锁的函数。

在我们的代码中，我们有一个全局声明：

CFSCoCultureWrapper cultureWrapper;

它有一个在托管 COM 对象上调用 CoCreateInstance 的构造函数，而托管 COM 对象又具有对 Microsoft.InteropToolbox 的引用。将/clr开关应用于该源文件允许加载 DLL 而不挂起。

目前尚不清楚为什么行为在不同的部署中发生变化，但是，正如文章链接的状态，挂起不一定总是发生，因此这些可能是难以调试的问题。为了说明这一点，即使是我们简单的测试用例，在我们遇到问题之前也是 4 级深度加载 DLL - EXE 加载 (LoadLibrary( 非托管 DLL 加载 (CoCreateInstance( 托管 DLL 加载Microsoft DLL。我们决定，考虑到这类问题所涉及的复杂程度，它已经足够好理解了，并没有进一步理解为什么问题只发生在某些部署中。

简单的答案是，不要创建对象的全局实例，这些对象在构造函数期间从非托管代码加载托管代码。使用延迟初始化或切换代码文件以使用 /clr 开关，或使用某些方法阻止在 DllMain-time 初始化期间执行托管代码。我们发现的另一个解决方法是将托管代码切换为使用 .NET 4.5 而不是 2.0。

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