泛型类型约束和方差

本文关键字:方差 约束 泛型类型 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:33:59

我正在构建一个简单的类型映射器,类似于AutoMapper,但具有更动态的行为。调用方可以决定在从实体框架模型映射时筛选RecordStatus == RecordStatus.Deleted记录。

抽象映射器:

public interface IMapper<in TIn, out TOut>
{
    TOut Map(TIn input);
}
public interface IRecordStatusFilterable
{
    string RecordStatus { get; }
}
public abstract class RecordStatusFilterableMapperBase<TIn, TOut> : IMapper<TIn, TOut>
{
    private readonly bool _filterDeletedRecords;
    protected RecordStatusFilterableMapperBase(bool filterDeletedRecords)
    {
        _filterDeletedRecords = filterDeletedRecords;
    }
    protected bool FilterDeletedRecords
    {
         get { return _filterDeletedRecords; }
    }
    public abstract TOut Map(TIn input);
}
public class MultiLookupValuesMapper : RecordStatusFilterableMapperBase<IEnumerable<Lookup>, string>
{
    private static readonly Func<Lookup, bool> _predicate = 
        filterable => filterable.RecordStatus == RecordStatus.Active;
    protected MultiLookupValuesMapper(bool filterDeletedRecords) : base(filterDeletedRecords)
    {
    }
    public override string Map(IEnumerable<Lookup> input)
    {
        var inputList = input as IList<Lookup> ?? input.ToList();
        if (!inputList.Any())
        {
            return string.Empty;
        }
        if (FilterDeletedRecords)
        {
            inputList = (IList<Lookup>)inputList.Where(_predicate);
        }
        return string.Join(", ", inputList.Select(l => l.Value));
    }
} 

混凝土测绘仪:

public class FooMapper<TRecordStatusFilterable> : RecordStatusFilterableMapperBase<Foo, FooViewModel> 
    where TRecordStatusFilterable : class, IRecordStatusFilterable
{
    private readonly IMapper<IEnumerable<TRecordStatusFilterable>, string> _multiLookupValueMapper;
    public FooMapper(IMapper<IEnumerable<TRecordStatusFilterable>, string> multiLookupValueMapper,
                     bool filterDeletedRecords) : base(filterDeletedRecords)
    {
        _multiLookupValueMapper = multiLookupValueMapper;
    }
    public override FooViewModel Map(Foo input)
    {
        return new FooViewModel
        {
            // Error here
            BarLookupValues = _multiLookupValueMapper.Map(input.Lookups)
        };
    }
}

实体框架模型:

public class Foo
{
    public ICollection<Lookup> Lookups { get; set; }
}
public class Lookup : IRecordStatusFilterable
{
    public string Value { get; set; }
    public string RecordStatus { get; set; }
}

视图模型:

public class FooViewModel
{
    // ICollection<Lookup> => string
    public string BarLookupValues { get; set; }
}

我收到编译错误:

参数 1:无法从"System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable"转换为"System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable"

但是我的 Lookup 类确实满足泛型类型参数约束,因为它实现了 IRecordStatusFilterable .谁能对此有所了解?

泛型类型约束和方差

实际上,

很多代码与实际问题无关。这是一个更简单的版本,希望能更好地说明它:

class MyList<T>
    where T : class, IConvertible
{
    private List<T> list = new List<T>();
    public void Add(string s)
    {
        list.Add(s); // error
    }        
}

是的,T是受约束的,string符合约束,但这并不意味着您可以string添加到任意 T 列表中。那不会打字安全。

如果我定义

class Bar : IConvertible { /* left out IConvertible impl */ }

并做了一个var bars = new MyList<Bar>()很明显,向柱线中添加字符串对于泛型类中的该代码来说是一个问题。

刚刚有一个更复杂的版本,我不是100%确定你到底想表达什么。也许类FooMapper根本不应该是通用的,应该只采用IMapper<IEnumerable<Lookup>, string>的实例。