使用 Linq to XML 而不是 XML 读取器/编写器

本文关键字：XML 读取 Linq to 使用 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:37:28

我正在尝试创建一个简单的工具来解析xml文件，如果/当找到某个元素时，它会获取该值，然后使用该值执行代码，然后执行的代码输出一个新值，然后将其替换并保存一个新的XML文件。事实证明，这比看起来值得的要困难得多。

现在我正在使用XML阅读器和XML编写器的组合。它非常冗长，我似乎遇到了一些小问题，很难解决。您可以在此处查看我之前的方法的示例及其代码。

我想知道是否有人可以帮助我弄清楚如何使用Linq to XML来完成这项工作。我需要筛选原始文档的XML以查找"ClInclude"和"ClCompile"，当找到它们时，我需要执行代码并将这些属性字符串替换为新值。为了更好地说明我正在完成的工作，您可以在最后一个帖子之前查看帖子。

我做了很多尝试，并决定永远抛弃读者/作家。谁能帮我做到这一点？以下是我在 Linq to XML 上所做的一次尝试：

                string baseDir = (textBox2.Text + "''" + safeFileName);
                string vcName = Path.GetFileName(textBox1.Text);
                string vcProj = Path.Combine(baseDir, vcName);
                XDocument xmlDoc = XDocument.Load(textBox1.Text);
                var items = from item in xmlDoc.Elements()
                            select item;
                foreach (XElement itemElement in items)
                {
                    if (itemElement.Name == "ClInclude")
                    {
                        // itemElement.SetElementValue("Include", "include/");
                        textBox3.AppendText(itemElement.Value);
                    }
                }
                xmlDoc.Save(vcProj);

现在我只是将它们附加到文本框中，只是为了测试它。我似乎无法使用Clinclude或ClCompile带回任何元素。以下是我试图获取值并替换的行的示例：

<ClCompile Include="..'..'lib'projx'conf.c" />
    <ClCompile Include="..'..'lib'projx'hash.c" />
    <ClCompile Include="..'..'lib'projx'init.c" />

下面是我正在解析的 XML 的完整示例：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8"?>
<Project DefaultTargets="Build" ToolsVersion="4.0" xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/developer/msbuild/2003">
  <ItemGroup Label="ProjectConfigurations">
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Debug|Win32">
      <Configuration>Debug</Configuration>
      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
    <ProjectConfiguration Include="Release|Win32">
      <Configuration>Release</Configuration>
      <Platform>Win32</Platform>
    </ProjectConfiguration>
  </ItemGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Label="Globals">
    <ProjectGuid>{57900E99-A405-49F4-83B2-0254117D041B}</ProjectGuid>
    <Keyword>Win32Proj</Keyword>
    <RootNamespace>libprojx</RootNamespace>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)'Microsoft.Cpp.Default.props" />
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>DynamicLibrary</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>true</UseDebugLibraries>
    <CharacterSet>MultiByte</CharacterSet>
    <PlatformToolset>v110</PlatformToolset>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'" Label="Configuration">
    <ConfigurationType>DynamicLibrary</ConfigurationType>
    <UseDebugLibraries>false</UseDebugLibraries>
    <WholeProgramOptimization>true</WholeProgramOptimization>
    <CharacterSet>MultiByte</CharacterSet>
    <PlatformToolset>v110</PlatformToolset>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)'Microsoft.Cpp.props" />
  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionSettings">
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)'Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)'Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <ImportGroup Label="PropertySheets" Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
    <Import Project="$(UserRootDir)'Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props" Condition="exists('$(UserRootDir)'Microsoft.Cpp.$(Platform).user.props')" Label="LocalAppDataPlatform" />
  </ImportGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Label="UserMacros" />
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
    <LinkIncremental>true</LinkIncremental>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <PropertyGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
    <LinkIncremental>false</LinkIncremental>
  </PropertyGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Debug|Win32'">
    <ClCompile>
      <PrecompiledHeader>
      </PrecompiledHeader>
      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
      <Optimization>MaxSpeed</Optimization>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;projx_EXPORTS;_DEBUG;_WINDOWS;_USRDLL;LIBprojx_EXPORTS;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>..'..'Win32;..'..'lib;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
      <BasicRuntimeChecks>Default</BasicRuntimeChecks>
      <DebugInformationFormat>ProgramDatabase</DebugInformationFormat>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
      <AdditionalLibraryDirectories>..'..'..'..'Debug;%(AdditionalLibraryDirectories)</AdditionalLibraryDirectories>
      <AdditionalDependencies>libdirect.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
    </Link>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemDefinitionGroup Condition="'$(Configuration)|$(Platform)'=='Release|Win32'">
    <ClCompile>
      <WarningLevel>Level3</WarningLevel>
      <PrecompiledHeader>
      </PrecompiledHeader>
      <Optimization>MaxSpeed</Optimization>
      <FunctionLevelLinking>true</FunctionLevelLinking>
      <IntrinsicFunctions>true</IntrinsicFunctions>
      <PreprocessorDefinitions>WIN32;projx_EXPORTS;NDEBUG;_WINDOWS;_USRDLL;LIBprojx_EXPORTS;%(PreprocessorDefinitions)</PreprocessorDefinitions>
      <AdditionalIncludeDirectories>..'..'Win32;..'..'lib;%(AdditionalIncludeDirectories)</AdditionalIncludeDirectories>
    </ClCompile>
    <Link>
      <SubSystem>Windows</SubSystem>
      <GenerateDebugInformation>true</GenerateDebugInformation>
      <EnableCOMDATFolding>true</EnableCOMDATFolding>
      <OptimizeReferences>true</OptimizeReferences>
      <AdditionalLibraryDirectories>..'..'..'..'Debug;%(AdditionalLibraryDirectories)</AdditionalLibraryDirectories>
      <AdditionalDependencies>libdirect.lib;%(AdditionalDependencies)</AdditionalDependencies>
    </Link>
  </ItemDefinitionGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <ClCompile Include="..'..'lib'projx'conf.c" />
    <ClCompile Include="..'..'lib'projx'hash.c" />
    <ClCompile Include="..'..'lib'projx'init.c" />
    <ClCompile Include="..'..'lib'projx'shmalloc.c" />
    <ClCompile Include="..'..'lib'projx'shm'fake.c" />
    <ClCompile Include="..'..'lib'projx'vector.c" />
    <ClCompile Include="dllmain.c" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <ItemGroup>
    <ClInclude Include="..'..'lib'projx'conf.h" />
    <ClInclude Include="..'..'lib'projx'hash.h" />
    <ClInclude Include="..'..'lib'projx'shmalloc.h" />
    <ClInclude Include="..'..'lib'projx'types.h" />
    <ClInclude Include="..'..'lib'projx'vector.h" />
  </ItemGroup>
  <Import Project="$(VCTargetsPath)'Microsoft.Cpp.targets" />
  <ImportGroup Label="ExtensionTargets">
  </ImportGroup>
</Project>

使用 Linq to XML 而不是 XML 读取器/编写器

首先你需要找到你的ClInclude，正如我的理解：var includs = xdoc.Descendants("ClInclude")会给你所有的ClInclude。如果您需要具有一些特殊包含属性值的特定 ClInclude，您可以这样做： 

var specificInclude = xdoc.Descendants("ClInclude")
      .Where(inc => inc.Attribute("Include").Value == yourValue).FirstOrDefault();

接下来，您需要将包含属性值替换为新的属性值，如下所示：

specificInclude.Attribute("Include").Value = newValue;

控制台应用的完整示例：

string xml = @"<root><ItemGroup><ClInclude id=""1""></ClInclude><ClInclude id=""2""></ClInclude></ItemGroup></root>";
var newxDoc = XDocument.Parse(xml);
Console.WriteLine("Before");
Console.WriteLine(newxDoc.ToString());
var s = newxDoc.Descendants("ClInclude").Where(b => b.Attribute("id").Value == "2").FirstOrDefault();
s.Attribute("id").Value = "3";
Console.WriteLine("After");
Console.WriteLine(newxDoc.ToString());
Console.ReadLine();

希望对您有所帮助！

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