操作系统上的c#图形编程
本文关键字:图形 编程 操作系统 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 17:49:25
这是一个奇怪的问题。我对在计算机上构建一个导航应用程序很感兴趣。当用户完成某件事时,我想给他们"物理提示"。例如,当单击文件夹时,白色的光环会展开。这可以用c#实现吗?一位用户建议我用更多的细节来扩展它,使其更具体。我想用Kinect让用户在操作系统中导航。然而,我希望他们能够使用双手,所以我不想只是将手连接到鼠标指针。我想给用户一些视觉反馈,他们与操作系统的互动。我想不出最好的方法来做这件事。所以我想在操作系统上创造视觉效果,但不是在任何特定的窗口,如游戏窗口。
我看到的大多数图形教程要么涉及构建窗口并为该窗口渲染管道;或者使用WPF和Silverlight图形和动画。我需要更多的灵活性,因为这将是针对操作系统的,而不是针对特定的应用程序。我不知道从哪里开始,如果它甚至可能使用。net或Mono框架。
我用c++来完成这个目标是不是更好?如果这是一个开放式的问题,请让我知道。我正在努力寻找如何开始做这样的事情。谢谢!
。.NET WinForms,像c++ WinForms使用GDI+一样,.NET只是更加抽象。您仍然可以通过p/invoke访问本机代码,并且能够在抽象的BCL中覆盖受保护的成员,这意味着您仍然具有相当程度的控制。所以,除非你谈论的是一个特定的图形库,否则我认为。net WinForms并不比c++差。在这种情况下。
关于你的任务,我将研究分层窗口。对不起,我没有任何全面的参考资料,因为我在学习的时候很难找到它们,但这里有一个我聚集在一起的课程,可以帮助你开始在分层窗口上画画。而不是从Form
派生你的主要形式从SingleLayeredForm
派生:
public class SingleLayeredForm : Form
{
public new event PaintEventHandler Paint;
public SingleLayeredForm()
{
this.SetStyle(ControlStyles.OptimizedDoubleBuffer, true);
this.FormBorderStyle = FormBorderStyle.FixedSingle;
this.StartPosition = FormStartPosition.Manual;
}
protected override CreateParams CreateParams
{
get
{
if (DesignMode) return base.CreateParams;
CreateParams createParams = base.CreateParams;
createParams.ExStyle = createParams.ExStyle | 0x80000;
return createParams;
}
}
public void SetBitmap(Bitmap bitmap)
{
if (!IsHandleCreated || DesignMode) return;
IntPtr oldBits = IntPtr.Zero;
IntPtr screenDC = WinAPI.GetDC(IntPtr.Zero);
IntPtr hBitmap = IntPtr.Zero;
IntPtr memDC = WinAPI.CreateCompatibleDC(screenDC);
try
{
Point topLocation = new Point(this.Left, this.Top);
Size bitmapSize = new Size(bitmap.Width, bitmap.Height);
WinAPI.BLENDFUNCTION blendFunc = new WinAPI.BLENDFUNCTION();
Point sourceLocation = Point.Empty;
hBitmap = bitmap.GetHbitmap(Color.FromArgb(0));
oldBits = WinAPI.SelectObject(memDC, hBitmap);
blendFunc.BlendOp = WinAPI.AC_SRC_OVER;
blendFunc.SourceConstantAlpha = 255;
blendFunc.AlphaFormat = WinAPI.AC_SRC_ALPHA;
blendFunc.BlendFlags = 0;
WinAPI.UpdateLayeredWindow(Handle, screenDC, ref topLocation, ref bitmapSize, memDC, ref sourceLocation, 0, ref blendFunc, WinAPI.ULW_ALPHA);
}
finally
{
if (hBitmap != IntPtr.Zero)
{
WinAPI.SelectObject(memDC, oldBits);
WinAPI.DeleteObject(hBitmap);
}
WinAPI.ReleaseDC(IntPtr.Zero, screenDC);
WinAPI.DeleteDC(memDC);
}
}
public new void Invalidate()
{
using (Bitmap bitmap = new Bitmap(this.ClientSize.Width, this.ClientSize.Height))
{
using (Graphics graphics = Graphics.FromImage(bitmap))
{
graphics.SmoothingMode = SmoothingMode.HighSpeed;
graphics.CompositingMode = CompositingMode.SourceCopy;
if (this.Paint != null)
this.Paint(this, new PaintEventArgs(graphics, Rectangle.Empty));
}
SetBitmap(bitmap);
}
}
}
public sealed class WinAPI
{
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern bool HideCaret(IntPtr hWnd);
[DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, ExactSpelling = true, CallingConvention = CallingConvention.Winapi)]
public static extern short GetKeyState(int keyCode);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern bool RegisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id, uint fsModifiers, uint vk);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern bool UnregisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll", SetLastError = true)]
public static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleDC(IntPtr hdc);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr GetDC(IntPtr hWnd);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll", ExactSpelling = true, PreserveSig = true, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern IntPtr SelectObject(IntPtr hdc, IntPtr hgdiobj);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern bool ReleaseDC(IntPtr hWnd, IntPtr hDC);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
public static extern bool DeleteDC(IntPtr hdc);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
public static extern bool DeleteObject(IntPtr hObject);
[DllImport("user32.dll", ExactSpelling = true, SetLastError = true)]
public static extern bool UpdateLayeredWindow(IntPtr hwnd, IntPtr hdcDst, ref Point pptDst, ref Size psize, IntPtr hdcSrc, ref Point pptSrc, uint crKey, [In] ref BLENDFUNCTION pblend, uint dwFlags);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr GetDesktopWindow();
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr GetWindowDC(IntPtr ptr);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr CreateCompatibleBitmap(IntPtr hdc, int nWidth, int nHeight);
[DllImport("gdi32.dll")]
public static extern bool BitBlt(IntPtr hdcDest, int xDest, int yDest, int wDest, int hDest, IntPtr hdcSource, int xSrc, int ySrc, CopyPixelOperation rop);
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern IntPtr GetForegroundWindow();
[DllImport("user32.dll")]
public static extern bool GetWindowRect(IntPtr hWnd, out RECT rect);
public const byte AC_SRC_OVER = 0;
public const byte AC_SRC_ALPHA = 1;
public const byte ULW_ALPHA = 2;
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential, Pack = 1)]
public struct BLENDFUNCTION
{
public byte BlendOp;
public byte BlendFlags;
public byte SourceConstantAlpha;
public byte AlphaFormat;
}
[StructLayout(LayoutKind.Sequential)]
public struct RECT
{
public int Left;
public int Top;
public int Right;
public int Bottom;
}
}