JavaScriptConverter, ExpandoObject和动态类型
本文关键字:动态 类型 ExpandoObject JavaScriptConverter | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 17:49:27
我有一个像这样的小测试类:
public class Command
{
public dynamic MyData { get; set; }
}
作为dynamic MyData
,我想使用ExpandoObject,所以我可以这样做:
Command cmd = new Command();
cmd.MyData = new ExpandoObject();
cmd.MyData.SomeStuff = 4;
cmd.MyData.SomeOtherStuff = "hi";
我正在尝试从json序列化/反序列化。为此,我使用JavaScriptSerializer
。
我希望上面的示例对象序列化为:
{
MyData : {
SomeStuff : 4,
SomeOtherStuff : "hi"
}
}
要做到这一点,我需要一个JavaScriptConverter
(取自本网站):
public class ExpandoJsonConverter : JavaScriptConverter
{
public override object Deserialize(IDictionary<string, object> dictionary, Type type, JavaScriptSerializer serializer)
{
return dictionary.ToExpando();
}
public override IDictionary<string, object> Serialize(object obj, JavaScriptSerializer serializer)
{
var result = new Dictionary<string, object>();
var dictionary = obj as IDictionary<string, object>;
foreach (var item in dictionary)
result.Add(item.Key, item.Value);
return result;
}
public override IEnumerable<Type> SupportedTypes
{
get
{
return new ReadOnlyCollection<Type>(new Type[] { typeof(ExpandoObject) });
}
}
}
public static class IDictionaryExtensions {
/// <summary>
/// Extension method that turns a dictionary of string and object to an ExpandoObject
/// Snagged from http://theburningmonk.com/2011/05/idictionarystring-object-to-expandoobject-extension-method/
/// </summary>
public static ExpandoObject ToExpando(this IDictionary<string, object> dictionary) {
var expando = new ExpandoObject();
var expandoDic = (IDictionary<string, object>)expando;
// go through the items in the dictionary and copy over the key value pairs)
foreach (var kvp in dictionary) {
// if the value can also be turned into an ExpandoObject, then do it!
if (kvp.Value is IDictionary<string, object>) {
var expandoValue = ((IDictionary<string, object>)kvp.Value).ToExpando();
expandoDic.Add(kvp.Key, expandoValue);
}
else if (kvp.Value is ICollection) {
// iterate through the collection and convert any strin-object dictionaries
// along the way into expando objects
var itemList = new List<object>();
foreach (var item in (ICollection)kvp.Value) {
if (item is IDictionary<string, object>) {
var expandoItem = ((IDictionary<string, object>)item).ToExpando();
itemList.Add(expandoItem);
}
else {
itemList.Add(item);
}
}
expandoDic.Add(kvp.Key, itemList);
}
else {
expandoDic.Add(kvp);
}
}
return expando;
}
}
现在这对于序列化来说工作得很好,但是反序列化有以下问题:
- 由于
MyData
是dynamic
对象,而ExpandoJsonConverter
期望ExpandoObject,因此反序列化到MyData
的数据类型为IDictionary<string, object>
。 - 如果我将
dynamic MyData
改为ExpandoObject MyData
,我将无法说cmd.MyData.SomeStuff = 4;
,编译器会告诉我"ExpandoObject没有名为SomeStuff的属性"。 - 最后,我可以将
dynamic
添加到ExpandoJsonConverter
的支持类型列表中,等等,你不能做typeof(dynamic)
。
有人知道一个整洁的解决方案吗?我真的很喜欢这个功能,但是我不能使用像Newtonsoft这样的第三方序列化库。谢谢。
反序列化为ExpandoObject
,但声明变量dynamic
,即您需要的是dynamic d = js.Deserialize<ExpandoObject>(json)
:
string json = @"{
MyData : {
SomeStuff : 4,
SomeOtherStuff : ""hi""
}
}";
var js = new JavaScriptSerializer();
js.RegisterConverters(new[] { new ExpandoJsonConverter() });
dynamic d = js.Deserialize<ExpandoObject>(json);
Console.WriteLine(d.MyData.SomeOtherStuff);
输出:嗨
如果您需要一个Command
对象,只需手动构造一个,并注入从序列化器返回的dynamic
对象:
var cmd = new Command { MyData = d };
Console.WriteLine(cmd.MyData.SomeStuff);