如何对ASP进行单元测试.NET核心MVC控制器返回匿名对象

本文关键字：控制器 MVC 返回 对象 核心 NET ASP 单元测试 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 17:57:33

我在单元测试ASP时遇到问题。NET核心MVC控制器返回匿名对象。单元测试是在一个单独的项目中设置的，并直接从主项目中调用控制器方法。

控制器方法返回IActionResult，但通常是OkObjectResult和BadRequestObjectResult对象，它们被转换为具有适当HTTP状态代码的JSON响应。匿名对象作为ObjectResult对象的构造函数参数传递，我正试图对其进行断言（可通过ObjectResult.Value访问）。

我发现了这个问题（我如何访问asp.net 5中的内部），答案是使用动态并添加

[assembly: InternalsVisibleTo("Namespace")]

以允许测试项目访问匿名对象的内部对象属性。然而，最新版本的ASP。NET Core MVC没有AssemblyInfo.cs，并且按照链接问题的答案中的建议添加一个也不起作用。

现在是否有其他位置可以添加InternalsVisibleTo，或者我遗漏了什么？

如何对ASP进行单元测试.NET核心MVC控制器返回匿名对象

这个答案的原始想法采用了更通用的方法。使用自定义DynamicObject作为通过反射检查值的包装器，不需要添加InternalsVisibleTo

public class DynamicObjectResultValue : DynamicObject, IEquatable<DynamicObjectResultValue> {
    private readonly object value;
    public DynamicObjectResultValue(object value) {
        this.value = value;
    }
    #region Operators
    public static bool operator ==(DynamicObjectResultValue a, DynamicObjectResultValue b) {
        // If both are null, or both are same instance, return true.
        if (System.Object.ReferenceEquals(a, b)) {
            return true;
        }
        // If one is null, but not both, return false.
        if (ReferenceEquals((object)a, null) || ReferenceEquals((object)b, null)) {
            return false;
        }
        // Return true if the fields match:
        return a.value == b.value;
    }
    public static bool operator !=(DynamicObjectResultValue a, DynamicObjectResultValue b) {
        return !(a == b);
    }
    #endregion
    public override IEnumerable<string> GetDynamicMemberNames() {
        return value.GetType().GetProperties().Select(p => p.Name);
    }
    public override bool TryGetMember(GetMemberBinder binder, out object result) {
        //initialize value
        result = null;
        //Search possible matches and get its value
        var property = value.GetType().GetProperty(binder.Name);
        if (property != null) {
            // If the property is found, 
            // set the value parameter and return true. 
            var propertyValue = property.GetValue(value, null);
            result = propertyValue;
            return true;
        }
        // Otherwise, return false. 
        return false;
    }
    public override bool Equals(object obj) {
        if (obj is DynamicObjectResultValue)
            return Equals(obj as DynamicObjectResultValue);
        // If parameter is null return false.
        if (ReferenceEquals(obj, null)) return false;
        // Return true if the fields match:
        return this.value == obj;
    }
    public bool Equals(DynamicObjectResultValue other) {
        // If parameter is null return false.
        if (ReferenceEquals(other, null)) return false;
        // Return true if the fields match:
        return this.value == other.value;
    }
    public override int GetHashCode() {
        return ToString().GetHashCode();
    }
    public override string ToString() {
        return string.Format("{0}", value);
    }
}

假设以下控制器

public class FooController : Controller {
    public IActionResult GetAnonymousObject() {
        var jsonResult = new {
            id = 1,
            name = "Foo",
            type = "Bar"
        };
        return Ok(jsonResult);
    }
    public IActionResult GetAnonymousCollection() {
        var jsonResult = Enumerable.Range(1, 20).Select(x => new {
            id = x,
            name = "Foo" + x,
            type = "Bar" + x
        }).ToList();
        return Ok(jsonResult);
    }
}

测试可能看起来像

[TestMethod]
public void TestDynamicResults() {
    //Arrange
    var controller = new FooController();
    //Act
    var result = controller.GetAnonymousObject() as OkObjectResult;
    //Assert
    dynamic obj = new DynamicObjectResultValue(result.Value);
    Assert.IsNotNull(obj);
    Assert.AreEqual(1, obj.id);
    Assert.AreEqual("Foo", obj.name);
    Assert.AreEqual(3, obj.name.Length);
    Assert.AreEqual("Bar", obj.type);
}
[TestMethod]
public void TestDynamicCollection() {
    //Arrange
    var controller = new FooController();
    //Act
    var result = controller.GetAnonymousCollection() as OkObjectResult;
    //Assert
    Assert.IsNotNull(result, "No ActionResult returned from action method.");
    dynamic jsonCollection = result.Value;
    foreach (dynamic value in jsonCollection) {
        dynamic json = new DynamicObjectResultValue(value);
        Assert.IsNotNull(json.id,
            "JSON record does not contain '"id'" required property.");
        Assert.IsNotNull(json.name,
            "JSON record does not contain '"name'" required property.");
        Assert.IsNotNull(json.type,
            "JSON record does not contain '"type'" required property.");
    }
}
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