c#中不接受null对象

本文关键字:对象 null 不接受 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:02:37

当我运行我的代码时,它告诉我adr的对象是null,这是真的,但是为什么当它在相同方法的副本中工作时,它会工作,除了insert而不是select。

代码是这样的:

public City doesExist(string postnr, string navn, City city, SqlConnection con)
{
    DatabaseConnection.openConnection(con);
    using (var command = new SqlCommand("select Id from [By] where Postnummer='" + postnr + "' and Navn='" + navn + "'", con))
    {
        command.Connection = con;
        SqlDataReader reader = command.ExecuteReader();
        if (reader.Read())
        {
            city.id = reader.GetInt32(0);
            city.postnr = postnr;
            city.navn = navn;
            reader.Close();
            return city;
        }
        reader.Close();
        return null;
    }
}
public City create(string postnr, string navn, City city, SqlConnection con)
{
    DatabaseConnection.openConnection(con);
    using (var command = new SqlCommand("insert into [By] (Postnummer, Navn) values ('" + postnr + "', '" + navn + "'); select @@identity as 'identity';", con))
    {
        object ID = command.ExecuteScalar();
        city.id = Convert.ToInt32(ID);
        city.postnr = postnr;
        city.navn = navn;
        return city;
    }
}

调用是这样的:

City city = new City();
city = city.doesExist(zip, by, city, connection); // this works fine
if (city == null)
{
     // I know that city is null
     // tried inserting City city = new City(); same error
     city = city.create(zip, by, city, connection); // this is where the null error occours
}

c#中不接受null对象

嗯,是的,看:

if (city == null)
{
    // If we've got in here, we know that city is a null reference, but...
    city = city.create(...);
}

绝对为null的引用上调用方法。这保证会抛出一个NullReferenceException

您几乎肯定想使您的create方法静态(并将其重命名以符合正常的。net命名约定),并将其称为

city = City.Create(...);

您还需要从方法调用中删除city参数,并在方法中创建一个新的City对象。例如:

public static City Create(string postnr, string navn, SqlConnection con)
{
    DatabaseConnection.openConnection(con);
    using (var command = new SqlCommand
         ("insert into [By] (Postnummer, Navn) values (@postnr, @navn); "+
          "select @@identity as 'identity';", con))
    {
        command.Parameters.Add("@postnr", SqlDbType.NVarChar).Value = postnr;
        command.Parameters.Add("@navn", SqlDbType.NVarChar).Value = navn;
        object ID = command.ExecuteScalar();
        City = new City();
        city.id = Convert.ToInt32(ID);
        city.postnr = postnr;
        city.navn = navn;
        return city;
    }
}

注意我是如何改变你的代码来使用参数化SQL的。你真的,真的,不应该像那样把值直接放进你的SQL语句中——这会使你的系统受到SQL注入攻击,并使各种转换变得混乱。

此外,我建议为每个数据库操作创建一个新的SqlConnection(并关闭它)。

坦率地说,doesExist是一个实例方法有点奇怪,太…再一次,它接受一个city参数。

我建议改变这个设计,这样你就有一个CityRepository(或类似的东西)知道连接字符串,并暴露:

// I'd rename these parameters to be more meaningful, but as I can't work out what they're
// meant to mean now, it's hard to suggest alternatives.
public City Lookup(string postnr, string nav)
public City Create(string postnr, string nav)

存储库将知道相关的连接字符串,并将负责所有数据库操作。City类型对数据库一无所知。

您正在尝试调用尚未初始化/为空的对象类的方法。

您需要将City.create设置为静态成员。

public static City create(string postnr, string navn, City city, SqlConnection con)
{
    DatabaseConnection.openConnection(con);
    using (var command = new SqlCommand("insert into [By] (Postnummer, Navn) values ('" + postnr + "', '" + navn + "'); select @@identity as 'identity';", con))
    {
        object ID = command.ExecuteScalar();
        city.id = Convert.ToInt32(ID);
        city.postnr = postnr;
        city.navn = navn;
        return city;
    }
}

并像这样使用:

if(city==null) 
{
    City city = City.create(... );
}

更好的方式:

 static public City create(string postnr, string navn, SqlConnection con)
 {
     DatabaseConnection.openConnection(con);
     using (var command = new SqlCommand("insert into [By] (Postnummer, Navn) values ('" + postnr + "', '" + navn + "'); select @@identity as 'identity';", con))
     {
         object ID = command.ExecuteScalar();
         City city = new City();
         city.id = Convert.ToInt32(ID);
         city.postnr = postnr;
         city.navn = navn;
         return city;
     }
     return null;
 }

Create方法必须是静态的,不需要有city in参数。调用它:

 if (city == null)
 {
      city = City.Create(.....);
 }