时区的缩写
本文关键字：缩写 时区 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:03:06
TimeZoneInfo不提供给定时区的缩写或短名称。唯一的好方法是有一个字典，它将缩写映射到Timezone.id, StandardName或DaylightName属性。但是，我搜索的所有资源的缩写列表都有不同的时区名称，即与Windows中的不同。
如何在。net中显示非全名、id或任何其他名称的用户?我不想要UtcOffset，而是要时区的缩写- PST代表太平洋，UTC代表通用，EST代表东部标准等等。是否有任何c#兼容列表或数据库与所有可能的时区和他们的缩写，与那些TimeZoneInfo.GetSystemTimeZones()给你兼容?
更新答案
我的原始回复如下，仍然有效。但是现在有一种更简单的方法，使用timezonnames库。从Nuget安装后，您可以做以下操作:
string tzid = theTimeZoneInfo.Id; // example: "Eastern Standard time"
string lang = CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.Name; // example: "en-US"
var abbreviations = TZNames.GetAbbreviationsForTimeZone(tzid, lang);
结果对象的属性类似于:
abbreviations.Generic == "ET"
abbreviations.Standard == "EST"
abbreviations.Daylight == "EDT"
您还可以使用相同的库来获得时区的完全本地化名称。该库使用嵌入的CLDR数据的自包含副本。
原始回答
正如其他人提到的，时区缩写是不明确的。但如果你真的想要一个显示，你需要一个IANA/Olson时区数据库。
您可以从Windows时区切换到IANA/Olson时区，也可以从其他方向切换。但请注意，对于任何给定的Windows区域，可能存在多个IANA/Olson区域。这些映射在这里的CLDR中进行维护。
nodeatime同时拥有数据库和映射。您可以从。net DateTime或DateTimeOffset与TimeZoneInfo切换到nodeatime Instant和DateTimeZone。从那里，您可以获得缩写名称。
// starting with a .Net TimeZoneInfo
var timeZoneInfo = TimeZoneInfo.FindSystemTimeZoneById("Pacific Standard Time");
// You need to resolve to a specific instant in time - a noda Instant
// For illustrative purposes, I'll start from a regular .Net UTC DateTime
var dateTime = DateTime.UtcNow;
var instant = Instant.FromDateTimeUtc(dateTime);
// note that if we really wanted to just get the current instant,
// it's better and easier to use the following:
// var instant = SystemClock.Instance.Now;
// Now let's map the Windows time zone to an IANA/Olson time zone,
// using the CLDR mappings embedded in NodaTime. This will use
// the *primary* mapping from the CLDR - that is, the ones marked
// as "territory 001".
// we need the NodaTime tzdb source. In NodaTime 1.1.0+:
var tzdbSource = TzdbDateTimeZoneSource.Default;
// in previous NodaTime releases:
// var tzdbSource = new TzdbDateTimeZoneSource("NodaTime.TimeZones.Tzdb");
// map to the appropriate IANA/Olson tzid
var tzid = tzdbSource.MapTimeZoneId(timeZoneInfo);
// get a DateTimeZone from that id
var dateTimeZone = DateTimeZoneProviders.Tzdb[tzid];
// Finally, let's figure out what the abbreviation is
// for the instant and zone we have.
// now get a ZoneInterval for the zone and the instant
var zoneInterval = dateTimeZone.GetZoneInterval(instant);
// finally, you can get the correct time zone abbreviation
var abbreviation = zoneInterval.Name;
// abbreviation will be either PST or PDT depending
// on what instant was provided
Debug.WriteLine(abbreviation);
这是一个棘手的要求，你能做的最好的是得到你选择的列表，并创建一个扩展/助手方法来获得给定TimeZoneInfo的缩写。
一旦开始的地方是http://www.timeanddate.com/library/abbreviations/timezones/，它有一个版本的列表，其中涵盖了我所知道的区域。
问题在于在给定时区存在多个缩写时选择合适的缩写。例如UTC可以表示为UTC或WET(西欧时间)或WEZ (Westeuropäische Zeit)或WT(西撒哈拉标准时间)。
您可能希望与您的涉众就您将遵循的给定选择的命名约定达成一致。
您的问题没有指出您的应用程序必须在哪个时区内运行，但在我的特定实例中，我只需要关注美国时区和UTC。
美国时区的缩写总是时区名称中每个单词的第一个字符。例如，"山区标准时间"的缩写是"MST"，"东部夏令时"的缩写是"EDT"。
如果您有类似的需求，您可以轻松地直接从本地时区的名称派生出本地时区的时区缩写，如下所示(注意:这里我是根据当前日期和时间确定适当的名称):
string timeZoneName = TimeZone.CurrentTimeZone.IsDaylightSavingTime(DateTime.Now)
? TimeZone.CurrentTimeZone.DaylightName
: TimeZone.CurrentTimeZone.StandardName;
string timeZoneAbbrev = GetTzAbbreviation(timeZoneName);
GetTzInitials()函数的代码非常简单。值得一提的是，有些时区可能被设置为墨西哥或加拿大，这些时区的名称将与国家名称一起出现在括号中，例如"太平洋标准时间(墨西哥)"。为了解决这个问题，任何加括号的数据都被直接传回。上面返回的缩写将是"PST(Mexico)"，这对我来说是有效的。
string GetTzAbbreviation(string timeZoneName) {
string output = string.Empty;
string[] timeZoneWords = timeZoneName.Split(' ');
foreach (string timeZoneWord in timeZoneWords) {
if (timeZoneWord[0] != '(') {
output += timeZoneWord[0];
} else {
output += timeZoneWord;
}
}
return output;
}
下面是另一个使用nodeatime的代码片段:
NodaTime.ZonedDateTime hereAndNow = NodaTime.SystemClock.Instance.Now.InZone(
NodaTime.DateTimeZoneProviders.Tzdb.GetSystemDefault());
System.TimeSpan zoneOffset = hereAndNow.ToDateTimeOffset().Offset;
string sTimeDisplay = string.Format("{0:G} {1} (UTC{2}{3:hh'':mm} {4})",
hereAndNow.ToDateTimeOffset(),
hereAndNow.Zone.GetZoneInterval(hereAndNow.ToInstant()).Name,
zoneOffset < TimeSpan.Zero ? "-" : "+",
zoneOffset,
hereAndNow.Zone.Id);
在我的系统上，它产生:"4/11/2013 5:03:23 PM CDT (UTC-05:00美国/芝加哥)"
(感谢Matt Johnson的回答，该缩写存在于TimeZoneInterval中)
如果noatime。ZonedDateTime有一个GetZoneInterval方法，但也许我遗漏了一些东西。
这对任何在iOS或Android上使用Xamarin的人都很有帮助，因为根据文档"显示名称是根据Windows操作系统安装的文化进行本地化的"。当在中央时区使用此函数时，对于日期时间"2016-09-01 12:00:00 GMT"，此函数返回"CDT"，这正是我遇到此问题时所需要的。
public static string GetTimeZoneAbbreviation(DateTime time)
{
string timeZoneAbbr;
if(time.IsDaylightSavingTime() == true)
{
timeZoneAbbr = TimeZoneInfo.Local.DaylightName;
}
else
{
timeZoneAbbr = TimeZoneInfo.Local.StandardName;
}
return timeZoneAbbr;
}
我将所有日期存储在UTC中，并且经常必须以本地时间显示它们，因此我创建了一个扩展方法ToAbbreviation()
public static string ToAbbreviation(this TimeZone theTimeZone)
{
string timeZoneString = theTimeZone.StandardName;
string result = string.Concat(System.Text.RegularExpressions.Regex
.Matches(timeZoneString, "[A-Z]")
.OfType<System.Text.RegularExpressions.Match>()
.Select(match => match.Value));
return result;
}
使用例子:
string tz = TimeZone.CurrentTimeZone.ToAbbreviation();
string formattedDate = String.Format("{0:yyyy/MM/dd hh:mm:ss} {1}", myDate, tz);
或者，如果您只想从DateTime对象中获取格式化的日期字符串:
public static string ToLocalTimeWithTimeZoneAbbreviation(this DateTime dt)
{
DateTime localtime = dt.ToLocalTime();
string tz = TimeZone.CurrentTimeZone.ToAbbreviation();
string formattedDate = String.Format("{0:yyyy/MM/dd hh:mm:ss} {1}", localtime, tz);
return formattedDate;
}
，使用方法如下:
string formattedDate = myDateTimeObject.ToLocalTimeWithTimeZoneAbbreviation()
输出:2019-06-24 02:26:31 EST
void Main()
{
Console.WriteLine(TimeZoneDecoder(TimeZoneInfo.Local.Id));
}
private string TimeZoneDecoder(string timeZone)
{
string abb;
switch (timeZone)
{
case "Eastern Standard Time":
abb = "ET";
break;
case "Central Standard Time":
abb = "CT";
break;
case "Mountain Standard Time":
abb = "MST";
break;
case "Pacific Standard Time":
abb = "PT";
break;
case "Alaskan Standard Time":
abb = "AK";
break;
case "Hawaiian Standard Time":
abb = "HAST";
break;
case "Atlantic Standard Time":
abb = "AST";
break;
case "Morocco Standard Time":
abb = "MOST";
break;
case "UTC":
abb = "UTC";
break;
case "GMT Standard Time":
abb = "GMT";
break;
case "Greenwich Standard Time":
abb = "GST";
break;
case "West Europe Standard Time":
abb = "WET";
break;
case "Central Europe Standard Time":
abb = "CET";
break;
case "Romance Standard Time":
abb = "RST";
break;
case "Central European Standard Time":
abb = "CEST";
break;
case "W. Central Africa Standard Time":
abb = "ECT";
break;
case "Jordan Standard Time":
abb = "JST";
break;
case "GTB Standard Time":
abb = "GTBST";
break;
case "Middle East Standard Time":
abb = "MEST";
break;
case "Egypt Standard Time":
abb = "EGST";
break;
case "Syria Standard Time":
abb = "SST";
break;
case "South Africa Standard Time":
abb = "SAST";
break;
case "FLE Standard Time":
abb = "EET";
break;
case "Israel Standard Time":
abb = "ISST";
break;
case "E. Europe Standard Time":
abb = "EEST";
break;
case "Namibia Standard Time":
abb = "NMST";
break;
case "Arabic Standard Time":
abb = "ARST";
break;
case "Arab Standard Time":
abb = "ABST";
break;
case "Russian Standard Time":
abb = "MSK";
break;
case "E. Africa Standard Time":
abb = "EAT";
break;
case "Iran Standard Time":
abb = "IRST";
break;
case "Arabian Standard Time":
abb = "ARBST";
break;
case "Azerbaijan Standard Time":
abb = "AZT";
break;
case "Mauritius Standard Time":
abb = "MUT";
break;
case "Georgian Standard Time":
abb = "GET";
break;
case "Caucasus Standard Time":
abb = "AMT";
break;
case "Afghanistan Standard Time":
abb = "AFT";
break;
case "Ekaterinburg Standard Time":
abb = "YEKT";
break;
case "Pakistan Standard Time":
abb = "PKT";
break;
case "West Asia Standard Time":
abb = "WAST";
break;
case "India Standard Time":
abb = "IST";
break;
case "Sri Lanka Standard Time":
abb = "SLT";
break;
case "Nepal Standard Time":
abb = "NPT";
break;
case "Central Asia Standard Time":
abb = "BTT";
break;
case "Bangladesh Standard Time":
abb = "BST";
break;
case "N. Central Asia Standard Time":
abb = "NCAST";
break;
case "Myanmar Standard Time":
abb = "MYST";
break;
case "SE Asia Standard Time":
abb = "THA";
break;
case "North Asia Standard Time":
abb = "KRAT";
break;
case "China Standard Time":
abb = "CST";
break;
case "North Asia East Standard Time":
abb = "IRKT";
break;
case "Singapore Standard Time":
abb = "SNST";
break;
case "W. Australia Standard Time":
abb = "AWST";
break;
case "Taipei Standard Time":
abb = "TIST";
break;
case "Ulaanbaatar Standard Time":
abb = "UST";
break;
case "Tokyo Standard Time":
abb = "TST";
break;
case "Korea Standard Time":
abb = "KST";
break;
case "Yakutsk Standard Time":
abb = "YAKT";
break;
case "Cen. Australia Standard Time":
abb = "CAUST";
break;
case "AUS Central Standard Time":
abb = "ACST";
break;
case "E. Australia Standard Time":
abb = "EAST";
break;
case "AUS Eastern Standard Time":
abb = "AEST";
break;
case "West Pacific Standard Time":
abb = "WPST";
break;
case "Tasmania Standard Time":
abb = "TAST";
break;
case "Vladivostok Standard Time":
abb = "VLAT";
break;
case "Central Pacific Standard Time":
abb = "SBT";
break;
case "New Zealand Standard Time":
abb = "NZST";
break;
case "UTC+12":
abb = "UTC12";
break;
case "Fiji Standard Time":
abb = "FJT";
break;
case "Kamchatka Standard Time":
abb = "PETT";
break;
case "Tonga Standard Time":
abb = "PHOT";
break;
case "Azores Standard Time":
abb = "AZOST";
break;
case "Cape Verde Standard Time":
abb = "CVT";
break;
case "E. South America Standard Time":
abb = "ESAST";
break;
case "Argentina Standard Time":
abb = "ART";
break;
case "SA Eastern Standard Time":
abb = "SAEST";
break;
case "Greenland Standard Time":
abb = "GNST";
break;
case "Montevideo Standard Time":
abb = "MVST";
break;
case "Newfoundland Standard Time":
abb = "NST";
break;
case "Paraguay Standard Time":
abb = "PRST";
break;
case "Central Brazilian Standard Time":
abb = "CBST";
break;
case "SA Western Standard Time":
abb = "SAWST";
break;
case "Pacific SA Standard Time":
abb = "PSAST";
break;
case "Venezuela Standard Time":
abb = "VST";
break;
case "SA Pacific Standard Time":
abb = "SAPST";
break;
case "US Eastern Standard Time":
abb = "EST";
break;
case "Central America Standard Time":
abb = "CAST";
break;
case "Central Standard Time (Mexico)":
abb = "CST";
break;
case "Canada Central Standard Time":
abb = "CCST";
break;
case "Mountain Standard Time (Mexico)":
abb = "MSTM";
break;
case "Pacific Standard Time (Mexico)":
abb = "PST";
break;
case "Samoa Standard Time":
abb = "SMST";
break;
case "Dateline Standard Time":
abb = "BIT";
break;
default:
abb = timeZone;
break;
}
return abb;
}
您可以将此电子表格与所有时区缩写组合使用，如:
COUNTRY_CODE STD_UTC_OFFSET DST_UTC_OFFSET STD_ABBREVIATION DST_ABBREVIATION
MX −08:00 −07:00 PST PDT
COORDINATES IANA DESCRIPTION LOCATION
America/Ensenada Pitcairn Standard Time Pacific