属性的派生类被丢弃(即:(用基类代替),用于XML反序列化
本文关键字:基类 反序列化 XML 用于 派生 属性 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:04:41
我有一个游戏数据类,看起来像这样:
public class SaveGameData {
public virtual List<PropertyContainer> properties {get; set; }
}
还有这些类:
public class PropertyContainer {
public Property property {get; set; }//Could be set to DerivedProperty
}
public class Property {
public int BasePropertyData {get; set;}
}
public class DerivedProperty : Property {
public int DerivedPropertyData {get; set; }
}
并且我试图在游戏会话之间保存/加载此数据,我正在使用XML序列化/反序列化此过程。
问题是,在PropertyContainer类中,有时使用派生属性来替代property类,如下所示:PropertyContainer container = new PropertyContainer();
container.property = derivedProperty;
当容器被序列化时,派生类及其特殊属性也被保存,这里没有问题。
序列化代码:
serializer = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(typeof(SaveGameData));
SaveGameData dataToSave = GetSaveGameData();
using (var stream = new StringWriter()) {
serializer.Serialize(stream, dataToSave);
...write to file...
}
序列化过程似乎正在工作,因为派生类被正确识别并保存到XML文件中,XML输出如下所示:
<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-16"?>
<SaveGameData xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xmlns:xsd="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema">
<properties>
<PropertyContainer>
<property xsi:type="DerivedProperty">
<BasePropertyData>1</BasePropertyData>
<DerivedPropertyData>1</DerivedPropertyData>
</property>
</PropertyContainer>
</properties>
</SaveGameData>
但是当XML文件被反序列化时,所有派生类都被丢弃。以下是反序列化代码:
SaveGameData result;
string data = ReadSaveGameData();
System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer serializer = new System.Xml.Serialization.XmlSerializer(typeof(SaveGameData));
using (StringReader stream = new StringReader(savedGame)) {
result = (SaveGameData)serializer.Deserialize(stream);
}
这意味着加载XML数据后,调用GetType()
派生属性(例如:saveGameData.properties[0].GetType()
(假设属性为DerivedProperty)将生成基类,即Property
;通过扩展,它会丢弃DerivedProperty的所有属性。这就是问题所在。
p。史:我尝试添加XmlInclude
属性,但没有改变:
[System.Xml.Serialization.XmlInclude(typeof(DerivedProperty))]
public class Property {
...
}
如何解决这个问题?有可行的替代方法吗?
用[XmlInclude(typeof(DerivedProperty))]
装饰Property
类应该是有效的。实际上,如果没有它,XmlSerializer
甚至不会让您首先序列化DerivedProperty
!
下面的程序是基于您的代码的工作示例。请确认您的机器上的控制台输出也为True
。如果是,您将需要确定代码与最初的尝试有何不同。那就把你的问题更新一下,这样我们就可以深入研究了。
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.IO;
using System.Xml.Serialization;
class Program
{
static void Main()
{
string savedGame = @"
<SaveGameData xmlns:xsi='http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance'>
<properties>
<PropertyContainer>
<property xsi:type='DerivedProperty'>
<BasePropertyData>1</BasePropertyData>
<DerivedPropertyData>1</DerivedPropertyData>
</property>
</PropertyContainer>
</properties>
</SaveGameData>";
XmlSerializer serializer = new XmlSerializer(typeof(SaveGameData));
SaveGameData result;
using (StringReader stream = new StringReader(savedGame))
{
result = (SaveGameData)serializer.Deserialize(stream);
}
Console.WriteLine(result.properties[0].property is DerivedProperty); // True
}
}
public class SaveGameData
{
public virtual List<PropertyContainer> properties { get; set; }
}
public class PropertyContainer
{
public Property property { get; set; }//Could be set to DerivedProperty
}
[XmlInclude(typeof(DerivedProperty))]
public class Property
{
public int BasePropertyData { get; set; }
}
public class DerivedProperty : Property
{
public int DerivedPropertyData { get; set; }
}
一种选择是切换到DataContractSerializer
。然后使用KnownTypeAttribute
来识别子类。
public class PropertyContainer {
public Property property {get; set; }//Could be set to DerivedProperty
}
[KnownType(typeof(DerivedProperty))]
public class Property {
public int BasePropertyData {get; set;}
}
public class DerivedProperty : Property {
public int DerivedPropertyData {get; set; }
}