如何在Azure应用程序服务中使用X509Certificate2与WCF

本文关键字：X509Certificate2 WCF 服务 Azure 应用程序 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:06:00

我目前正在开发一个运行在Azure应用服务中的应用程序，该应用程序使用WCF与TransportWithMessageCredential调用另一个服务，用于消息凭据的安全性和基于证书的身份验证。我能够从Azure密钥库检索证书，并将该证书用于我的WCF ChannelFactory客户端，以便在我的本地开发盒上提供服务。但是，一旦我在Azure应用程序服务vm上运行应用程序，我就会得到以下所有调用的异常:

System.Security.Cryptography.CryptographicException: m_safeCertContext is an invalid handle.
   at System.Runtime.AsyncResult.End (System.ServiceModel.Internals, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.ServiceChannel+SendAsyncResult.End (System.ServiceModel, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.ServiceChannel.EndCall (System.ServiceModel, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.ServiceModel.Channels.ServiceChannelProxy+TaskCreator+<>c__DisplayClass7_0`1.<CreateGenericTask>b__0 (System.ServiceModel, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.Threading.Tasks.TaskFactory`1.FromAsyncCoreLogic (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at MyAzureAppServiceApp.Util.ServiceModelClient.ChannelFactoryExtensions+<UsingResultAsync>d__3`2.MoveNext (MyAzureAppServiceApp.Util.ServiceModelClient, Version=1.2.906.10, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at MyAzureAppServiceApp.Data.WidgetRepository+<GetWidgetsByProjectAsync>d__5.MoveNext (MyAzureAppServiceApp.Data, Version=1.2.906.10, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at MyAzureAppServiceApp.Service.Controllers.WidgetController+<GetWidgetsByProjectNumberAsync>d__6.MoveNext (MyAzureAppServiceApp.Service, Version=1.2.906.10, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=null)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.Threading.Tasks.TaskHelpersExtensions+<CastToObject>d__3`1.MoveNext (System.Web.Http, Version=5.2.2.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.Web.Http.Controllers.ApiControllerActionInvoker+<InvokeActionAsyncCore>d__0.MoveNext (System.Web.Http, Version=5.2.2.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.Web.Http.Controllers.ActionFilterResult+<ExecuteAsync>d__2.MoveNext (System.Web.Http, Version=5.2.2.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.Web.Http.Filters.AuthorizationFilterAttribute+<ExecuteAuthorizationFilterAsyncCore>d__2.MoveNext (System.Web.Http, Version=5.2.2.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.Web.Http.Filters.AuthorizationFilterAttribute+<ExecuteAuthorizationFilterAsyncCore>d__2.MoveNext (System.Web.Http, Version=5.2.2.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.ThrowForNonSuccess (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.Runtime.CompilerServices.TaskAwaiter.HandleNonSuccessAndDebuggerNotification (mscorlib, Version=4.0.0.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=b77a5c561934e089)
   at System.Web.Http.Controllers.ExceptionFilterResult+<ExecuteAsync>d__0.MoveNext (System.Web.Http, Version=5.2.2.0, Culture=neutral, PublicKeyToken=31bf3856ad364e35)

从我到目前为止能够确定的情况来看，看起来X509Certificate2将在ChannelFactory的调用中使用，它已经是Dispose() d了。我也已经尝试将证书的新副本注入我的ChannelFactory s，我仍然得到同样的错误。有没有人在尝试从Azure应用程序服务应用程序中使用WCF时遇到过类似的问题?

如何在Azure应用程序服务中使用X509Certificate2与WCF

纠结了几天之后，我被作者引导到了这篇博文。将此与一些改进的异常处理和测试相结合，我发现您需要为X509Certificate2的构造函数指定加载标志MachineKeySet | Exportable，否则证书将无法在Azure应用服务环境中正确加载。这是因为Azure应用服务虚拟机不运行本地用户配置文件，因此没有可用的用户密钥存储。这与X509Certificate2的构造函数及其存储私钥的默认方式有关。

我也面临着同样的问题。对我来说，问题是我的代码是这样的:

using(var certificate = new X509Certificate2(privateKeyBytes, ...)
{
    ...
    return certificate;
}

似乎证书在返回之前被处理掉了。删除using声明后，它开始工作。

不确定是否与您的场景有关，但我认为值得在某处记录下来:)

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