Akka.使用TestKit创建/监督网络测试子角色

本文关键字：网络 测试 角色 使用 TestKit 创建 Akka | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:18:53

我有Akka。Net代码类似于以下，我正试图为它编写测试:

public class DoesSomethingActor : UntypedActor
{
    protected override void OnReceive(object message)
    {
    }
}
public class ForwardsMessagesActor : UntypedActor
{
    protected override void OnReceive(object message)
    {
        var actor = Context.ActorOf(Context.DI().Props<DoesSomethingActor>(), "DoesSomethingWorker");
        for (int i = 0; i < 5; i++)
        {
            actor.Tell(message + " " + i);
        }
    }
}

我已经得到了这个测试工作，但我显然错过了一些东西，因为我根本没有使用太多的TestKit。是否仍然没有关于如何使用TestKit进行测试的官方文档?

//creating actor mocks with Moq seems to confuse Akka - it just doesn't work 
//but creating mock classes manually like this, 
//then configuring them in the DI container works
public class DoesSomethingActorSpy : DoesSomethingActor
{
    public static List<object> ReceivedMessages = new List<object>();
    protected override void OnReceive(object message)
    {
        ReceivedMessages.Add(message);
    }
}
    [TestMethod]
    public void ForwardsMessagesActor_Creates5Messages()
    {
        //set up DI container to use DoesSomethingActorSpy as a child actor
        ContainerBuilder builder = new ContainerBuilder();
        builder.RegisterType<ForwardsMessagesActor>();
        builder.RegisterType<DoesSomethingActorSpy>().As<DoesSomethingActor>();
        IContainer container = builder.Build();
        var propsResolver = new AutoFacDependencyResolver(container, Sys);
        var actor = ActorOfAsTestActorRef<ForwardsMessagesActor>(propsResolver.Create<ForwardsMessagesActor>());
        actor.Tell("Test");
        //this looks wrong, I probably should be using something from TestKit
        Thread.Sleep(10);
        CollectionAssert.AreEquivalent(
            new[] { "Test 0", "Test 1", "Test 2", "Test 3", "Test 4" },
            DoesSomethingActorSpy.ReceivedMessages);
    }

我应该如何创建模拟演员?我可以调用TestKit上的任何方法来等待所有消息被处理?

Akka.使用TestKit创建/监督网络测试子角色

引自《如何测试Akka》。. NET演员:单元测试w/Akka.TestKit:

测试父/子关系更复杂。这是Akka。. NET对提供简单抽象的承诺使得测试更加困难。

测试这种关系最简单的方法是使用消息传递。例如，您可以创建一个父参与者，它的子参与者一旦启动就会向另一个参与者发送消息。或者你可以让父节点转发一条消息给子节点，然后子节点可以回复原始发送者，例如:

public class ChildActor : ReceiveActor
{
    public ChildActor()
    {
        ReceiveAny(o => Sender.Tell("hello!"));
    }
}
public class ParentActor : ReceiveActor
{
    public ParentActor()
    {
        var child = Context.ActorOf(Props.Create(() => new ChildActor()));
        ReceiveAny(o => child.Forward(o));
    }
}
[TestFixture]
public class ParentGreeterSpecs : TestKit
{
    [Test]
    public void Parent_should_create_child()
    {
        // verify child has been created by sending parent a message
        // that is forwarded to child, and which child replies to sender with
        var parentProps = Props.Create(() => new ParentActor());
        var parent = ActorOfAsTestActorRef<ParentActor>(parentProps, TestActor);
        parent.Tell("this should be forwarded to the child");
        ExpectMsg("hello!");
    }
}

关于测试亲子关系的警告

避免将代码与层次结构过度耦合!

过度测试父/子关系可以将测试与层次结构实现耦合。这增加了稍后重构代码的成本，因为它会迫使许多测试重写。你需要在验证你的意图和测试你的实现之间取得平衡。

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