已放弃的命名信号量未释放
本文关键字:信号量 释放 放弃 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:24:27
当C#程序持有一个命名信号量时,当应用程序提前终止时(例如按Ctrl+C或关闭控制台窗口),它似乎不会被释放。至少在流程的所有实例都终止之前不会。
对于命名互斥,在这种情况下会引发一个废弃互斥异常,但对于信号量则不会。当另一程序实例提前终止时,如何防止一个程序实例停滞?
class Program
{
// Same with count > 1
private static Semaphore mySemaphore = new Semaphore(1, 1, "SemaphoreTest");
static void Main(string[] args)
{
try
{
// Blocks forever if the first process was terminated
// before it had the chance to call Release
Console.WriteLine("Getting semaphore");
mySemaphore.WaitOne();
Console.WriteLine("Acquired...");
}
catch (AbandonedMutexException)
{
// Never called!
Console.WriteLine("Acquired due to AbandonedMutexException...");
}
catch (System.Exception ex)
{
Console.WriteLine(ex);
}
Thread.Sleep(20 * 1000);
mySemaphore.Release();
Console.WriteLine("Done");
}
}
通常,不能保证线程在退出时释放信号量。您可以编写try/finally块和关键终结器,但如果程序异常终止,这些块并不总是有效的。而且,与互斥锁不同的是,如果线程在保持信号量时退出,则不会通知其他线程。
原因是.NET信号量对象所基于的Windows信号量对象没有跟踪哪些线程已经获取了它,因此不能抛出类似于AbandonedMutexException
的异常。
也就是说,当用户关闭窗口时,可以通知您。您需要设置一个控件处理程序来侦听特定的事件。您调用Windows API函数SetConsoleCtrlHandler,向其传递一个回调函数(委托),用于处理您感兴趣的事件。我这样做已经有一段时间了,但总体而言。
为SetConsoleCtrlHandler
函数创建一个托管原型,然后回调:
/// <summary>
/// Control signals received by the console control handler.
/// </summary>
public enum ConsoleControlEventType: int
{
/// <summary>
/// A CTRL+C signal was received, either from keyboard input or from a
/// signal generated by the GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent function.
/// </summary>
CtrlC = 0,
/// <summary>
/// A CTRL+BREAK signal was received, either from keyboard input or from
/// a signal generated by GenerateConsoleCtrlEvent.
/// </summary>
CtrlBreak = 1,
/// <summary>
/// A signal that the system sends to all processes attached to a console
/// when the user closes the console (either by clicking Close on the console
/// window's window menu, or by clicking the End Task button command from
/// Task Manager).
/// </summary>
CtrlClose = 2,
// 3 and 4 are reserved, per WinCon.h
/// <summary>
/// A signal that the system sends to all console processes when a user is logging off.
/// </summary>
CtrlLogoff = 5,
/// <summary>
/// A signal that the system sends to all console processes when the system is shutting down.
/// </summary>
CtrlShutdown = 6
}
/// <summary>
/// Control event handler delegate.
/// </summary>
/// <param name="CtrlType">Control event type.</param>
/// <returns>Return true to cancel the control event. A return value of false
/// will terminate the application and send the event to the next control
/// handler.</returns>
public delegate bool ConsoleCtrlHandlerDelegate(ConsoleControlEventType CtrlType);
[DllImport("kernel32.dll", SetLastError=true)]
public static extern bool SetConsoleCtrlHandler(
ConsoleCtrlHandlerDelegate HandlerRoutine,
bool Add);
现在,创建您的处理程序方法:
private static bool ConsoleCtrlHandler(ConsoleControlEventType CtrlType)
{
switch (CtrlType)
{
case CtrlClose:
// handle it here
break;
case CtrlBreak:
// handle it here
break;
}
// returning false ends up calling the next handler
// returning true will prevent further handlers from being called.
return false;
}
最后,在初始化过程中,您需要设置控制处理程序:
SetConsoleCtrlHandler(ConsoleControlHandler);
现在,当用户关闭窗口时,将调用您的控件处理程序。这将允许您释放信号量或进行其他清理。
您可能对我的ConsoleDotNet软件包感兴趣。我写了三篇关于这些东西的文章,最后两篇仍然可以在DevSource上找到。我不知道第一个发生了什么。
- .NET中的控制台输入
- 在.NET中使用控制台屏幕缓冲区
您可以编写mySemaphore.Release();类内析构函数
class Program
{
~Program() // destructor
{
mySemaphore.Release();
}
}
或者在您的try''chutch 中添加一个finally pharse
try{}
catch{}
finally
{
mySemaphore.Release();
}
如果你使用的是asp.net,你也可以使用位于Global.asax.cs 中的Application_End
protected void Application_End(Object sender, EventArgs eventArgs)
{
mySemaphore.Release();
}