使用 VID 和 PID 识别连接到 x64 的 USB 设备的 COM 端口
本文关键字:USB 端口 COM x64 VID PID 识别 连接 使用 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:32:39
如下,我能够通过给定的pid和vid将USB com端口名称附加到32位win7OS机器,但是在x64中运行时,它卡在以下行:
comports.Add((string)rk6.GetValue("PortName"));
这是我的代码
static List<string> ComPortNames(String VID, String PID)
{
String pattern = String.Format("^VID_{0}.PID_{1}", VID, PID);
Regex _rx = new Regex(pattern, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
List<string> comports = new List<string>();
RegistryKey rk1 = Registry.LocalMachine;
RegistryKey rk2 = rk1.OpenSubKey("SYSTEM''CurrentControlSet''Enum");
foreach (String s3 in rk2.GetSubKeyNames())
{
RegistryKey rk3 = rk2.OpenSubKey(s3);
foreach (String s in rk3.GetSubKeyNames())
{
if (_rx.Match(s).Success)
{
RegistryKey rk4 = rk3.OpenSubKey(s);
foreach (String s2 in rk4.GetSubKeyNames())
{
RegistryKey rk5 = rk4.OpenSubKey(s2);
RegistryKey rk6 = rk5.OpenSubKey("Device Parameters");
comports.Add((string)rk6.GetValue("PortName"));
}
}
}
}
return comports;
}
实际代码到这里,那么如何在x64中获取com端口名称,有什么建议吗?
当我在 Windows 10 x64 下测试优光的答案时,我得到了一些奇怪的结果,并查看我机器上的注册表,LocationInformation
键包含字符串,例如Port_#0002.Hub_#0003
因此它们与设备连接到的 USB 集线器/端口相关,而不是 Windows 分配的 COM 端口。
所以就我而言,我得到了COM2,它是主板上的硬件端口,它跳过了我期望的COM5端口,但它位于PortName
注册表项下。我不确定自您使用的 Windows 版本以来是否发生了某些变化,但我认为您的主要问题可能是没有检查键上的空值。
以下略微修改的版本似乎在各种或Windows 7/10和x32/64系统上工作正常,我还添加了一个检查SerialPort.GetPortNames()
以确保设备可用并在返回之前插入系统:
static List<string> ComPortNames(String VID, String PID)
{
String pattern = String.Format("^VID_{0}.PID_{1}", VID, PID);
Regex _rx = new Regex(pattern, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
List<string> comports = new List<string>();
RegistryKey rk1 = Registry.LocalMachine;
RegistryKey rk2 = rk1.OpenSubKey("SYSTEM''CurrentControlSet''Enum");
foreach (String s3 in rk2.GetSubKeyNames())
{
RegistryKey rk3 = rk2.OpenSubKey(s3);
foreach (String s in rk3.GetSubKeyNames())
{
if (_rx.Match(s).Success)
{
RegistryKey rk4 = rk3.OpenSubKey(s);
foreach (String s2 in rk4.GetSubKeyNames())
{
RegistryKey rk5 = rk4.OpenSubKey(s2);
string location = (string)rk5.GetValue("LocationInformation");
RegistryKey rk6 = rk5.OpenSubKey("Device Parameters");
string portName = (string)rk6.GetValue("PortName");
if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(portName) && SerialPort.GetPortNames().Contains(portName))
comports.Add((string)rk6.GetValue("PortName"));
}
}
}
}
return comports;
}
通过阅读您的代码,我发现您在注册表中查看的当前路径不包含有关端口的任何信息。但是我找到了一种通过做这个小改动来阅读它的方法:
static List<string> ComPortNames(String VID, String PID)
{
String pattern = String.Format("^VID_{0}.PID_{1}", VID, PID);
Regex _rx = new Regex(pattern, RegexOptions.IgnoreCase);
List<string> comports = new List<string>();
RegistryKey rk1 = Registry.LocalMachine;
RegistryKey rk2 = rk1.OpenSubKey("SYSTEM''CurrentControlSet''Enum");
foreach (String s3 in rk2.GetSubKeyNames())
{
RegistryKey rk3 = rk2.OpenSubKey(s3);
foreach (String s in rk3.GetSubKeyNames())
{
if (_rx.Match(s).Success)
{
RegistryKey rk4 = rk3.OpenSubKey(s);
foreach (String s2 in rk4.GetSubKeyNames())
{
RegistryKey rk5 = rk4.OpenSubKey(s2);
string location = (string)rk5.GetValue("LocationInformation");
if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(location))
{
string port = location.Substring(location.IndexOf('#') + 1, 4).TrimStart('0');
if (!String.IsNullOrEmpty(port)) comports.Add(String.Format("COM{0:####}", port));
}
//RegistryKey rk6 = rk5.OpenSubKey("Device Parameters");
//comports.Add((string)rk6.GetValue("PortName"));
}
}
}
}
return comports;
}
它确实完美地工作。顺便说一下,谢谢你的代码...它对我帮助很大!
对此的看法(即使它不是对Q的直接A)
- USB 设备始终(并且始终)在
HKLM'SYSTEM'CurrentControlSet'Enum'USB
下枚举(注意末尾的USB
) - 设备节点的格式
VID_xxxx&PID_xxxx*
其中xxxx
是十六进制的,末尾可能会有一些额外的函数数据
- 设备节点的格式
- 每个设备节点都有一个基于设备和功能的序列号或其他数据的子标识符节点
- 标识符节点可以具有值
"FriendlyName"
有时在参数中具有 COM 例如"虚拟串行端口 (COM6)"
- 标识符节点可以具有值
- 结果路径:
HKLM'SYSTEM'CurrentControlSet'Enum'USB'VID_xxxx&PID_xxxx*'*'Device Parameters'
具有名为"PortName"
的值
- 结果路径:
- 当前可用的 COM 端口按
System.IO.Ports.SerialPort.GetPortNames()
列出 OpenSubKey
实现IDisposable
,应该有using
或.Dispose()
using System.IO.Ports; using System.Linq; using Microsoft.Win32; public class UsbSerialPort { public readonly string PortName; public readonly string DeviceId; public readonly string FriendlyName; private UsbSerialPort(string name, string id, string friendly) { PortName = name; DeviceId = id; FriendlyName = friendly; } private static IEnumerable<RegistryKey> GetSubKeys(RegistryKey key) { foreach (string keyName in key.GetSubKeyNames()) using (var subKey = key.OpenSubKey(keyName)) yield return subKey; } private static string GetName(RegistryKey key) { string name = key.Name; int idx; return (idx = name.LastIndexOf('''')) == -1 ? name : name.Substring(idx + 1); } public static IEnumerable<UsbSerialPort> GetPorts() { var existingPorts = SerialPort.GetPortNames(); using (var enumUsbKey = Registry.LocalMachine.OpenSubKey(@"SYSTEM'CurrentControlSet'Enum'USB")) { if (enumUsbKey == null) throw new ArgumentNullException("USB", "No enumerable USB devices found in registry"); foreach (var devBaseKey in GetSubKeys(enumUsbKey)) { foreach (var devFnKey in GetSubKeys(devBaseKey)) { string friendlyName = (string) devFnKey.GetValue("FriendlyName") ?? (string) devFnKey.GetValue("DeviceDesc"); using (var devParamsKey = devFnKey.OpenSubKey("Device Parameters")) { string portName = (string) devParamsKey?.GetValue("PortName"); if (!string.IsNullOrEmpty(portName) && existingPorts.Contains(portName)) yield return new UsbSerialPort(portName, GetName(devBaseKey) + @"'" + GetName(devFnKey), friendlyName); } } } } } public override string ToString() { return string.Format("{0} Friendly: {1} DeviceId: {2}", PortName, FriendlyName, DeviceId); } }
好的,使用ManagementObjectSearcher(它给出COM端口索引和VID和PID,如果它们存在):
List < List <string>> USBCOMlist = new List<List<string>>();
try
{
ManagementObjectSearcher searcher =
new ManagementObjectSearcher("root''CIMV2",
"SELECT * FROM Win32_PnPEntity");
foreach (ManagementObject queryObj in searcher.Get())
{
if (queryObj["Caption"].ToString().Contains("(COM"))
{
List<string> DevInfo = new List<string>();
string Caption = queryObj["Caption"].ToString();
int CaptionIndex = Caption.IndexOf("(COM");
string CaptionInfo = Caption.Substring(CaptionIndex + 1).TrimEnd(')'); // make the trimming more correct
DevInfo.Add(CaptionInfo);
string deviceId = queryObj["deviceid"].ToString(); //"DeviceID"
int vidIndex = deviceId.IndexOf("VID_");
int pidIndex = deviceId.IndexOf("PID_");
string vid = "", pid = "";
if (vidIndex != -1 && pidIndex != -1)
{
string startingAtVid = deviceId.Substring(vidIndex + 4); // + 4 to remove "VID_"
vid = startingAtVid.Substring(0, 4); // vid is four characters long
//Console.WriteLine("VID: " + vid);
string startingAtPid = deviceId.Substring(pidIndex + 4); // + 4 to remove "PID_"
pid = startingAtPid.Substring(0, 4); // pid is four characters long
}
DevInfo.Add(vid);
DevInfo.Add(pid);
USBCOMlist.Add(DevInfo);
}
}
}
catch (ManagementException e)
{
MessageBox.Show(e.Message);
}
我认为ManagementObjectSearcher可能是比直接读取注册表更好的方法。
下面是虚拟 COM 端口的示例。