从 XML 文件中读取元素

本文关键字：读取 元素 文件 XML | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:35:43

我正在尝试从XML文件中读取并使用它来填充我创建的问题对象。这是 XML：

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="utf-8" ?>
<quiz>
  <problem>
    <question>Which of the following languages could be used in both Visual Studio and Unity?</question>
    <answerA>Cobol</answerA>
    <answerB>C#</answerB>
    <answerC>C−−</answerC>
    <answerD>French</answerD>
    <correct>B</correct>
  </problem>
  <problem>
    <question>What does XML stand for?</question>
    <answerA>eXtremely Muddy Language</answerA>
    <answerB>Xerxes, the Magnificent Chameleon</answerB>
    <answerC>eXtensible Markup Language</answerC>
    <answerD>eXecutes with Multiple Limitations</answerD>
    <correct>C</correct>
  </problem>
</quiz>

这是我正在使用的类。问题出在 loadQuestions（） 方法中。

public partial class frmQuestions : Form
    {
        private XmlDocument doc;
        private XmlNode theQuiz;
        private List<Question> questions;
        private Random random;
        public frmQuestions(string docName)
        {
            InitializeComponent();
            doc = new XmlDocument();
            doc.Load(docName);
            questions = new List<Question>();          
            loadQuestions();
            displayQuestion();
        }
        private void frmQuestions_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
        }
        private void loadQuestions()
        {
            string question, a, b, c, d, correct;
            theQuiz = doc.FirstChild;
            for(int i = 0; i < theQuiz.ChildNodes.Count; i++)
            {
                XmlNode theQuestion = theQuiz.ChildNodes[i];
                question = theQuestion["question"].InnerText;
                a = theQuestion["answerswerA"].InnerText;
                b = theQuestion["answerswerB"].InnerText;
                c = theQuestion["answerswerC"].InnerText;
                d = theQuestion["answerswerD"].InnerText;
                correct = theQuestion["correct"].InnerText;
                questions.Add(new Question(question, a, b, c, d, correct));
            }
        }
        private void displayQuestion()
        {
            Random random = new Random();
            int randomNumber = random.Next(1, questions.Count);
            lblQuestion.Text = questions[randomNumber].getQuestion();
            lblA.Text = questions[randomNumber].getA();
            lblB.Text = questions[randomNumber].getB();
            lblC.Text = questions[randomNumber].getC();
            lblD.Text = questions[randomNumber].getD();
        }
    }

我发现的问题是Quiz.ChildNodes.Count = 0。

有人知道我哪里出错了吗？

从 XML 文件中读取元素

在代码中将theQuiz = doc.FirstChild;更改为 

theQuiz = doc.LastChild;

其余的看起来不错。（我找不到你在哪里定义测验）。我尝试了代码，它正在使用var theQuiz = doc.LastChild;

如果要使用 LINQ，可以尝试以下操作：

XDocument xDoc = XDocument.Load("XMLFile1.xml");
            var query = (from x in xDoc.Descendants("quiz").Elements("problem")
                        select new Question
                        {
                            question = x.Element("question").Value,
                            answerA = x.Element("answerswerA").Value,
                            answerB = x.Element("answerswerB").Value,
                            answerC = x.Element("answerswerC").Value,
                            answerD = x.Element("answerswerD").Value,
                            correct = x.Element("correct").Value
                        }).ToList();

这是假设您有一个类问题，其属性显示为问题，答案A ...等等。

使用 LINQ to XML：

使用 LINQ to XML：

XDocument doc = XDocument.Load("YOURXML.xml");
var quiz = from elements in doc.Elements("quiz").Elements("problem")
           select elements;
foreach (var item in quiz)
{
question = item.Element("question").Value;
                    a = item.Element("answerswerA").Value; 
                    b = item.Element("answerswerB").Value; 
                    c = item.Element("answerswerC").Value; 
                    d = item.Element("answerswerD").Value; 
                    correct = item.Element("correct").Value; 
 questions.Add(new Question(question, a, b, c, d, correct));
}
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