在 UWP(通用 Windows 应用)、Windows 10 中创建自定义形状控件
本文关键字:Windows 自定义 创建 控件 UWP 通用 应用 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:36:52
我想创建一个自定义Shape
控件,根据一些自定义属性绘制不同的形状,如Polygon
、Ellipse
、Rectangle
等。
我能够创建一个自定义模板控件ColorShape
如下所示:
<Style TargetType="local:CustomShape">
<Setter Property="Template">
<Setter.Value>
<ControlTemplate TargetType="local:CustomShape">
<ContentControl x:Name="shapeParent">
</ContentControl>
</ControlTemplate>
</Setter.Value>
</Setter>
</Style>
然后,重写 OnTemplateChanged
方法,并在shapeParent
ContentControl
内插入相应的 Shape
控件
但我想要的是实际扩展Shape
,这样我就可以以相同的方式处理所有形状、框架和自定义。
在 WPF 中,我们能够扩展Shape
并覆盖属性DefiningGeometry
。在 UWP 中,不存在任何要重写的DefiningGeometry
属性。
如何创建自定义Shape
控件并定义相应的几何图形?
我发现在 UWP 中创建自定义形状的唯一方法是扩展 Path
类并设置其 Data
属性。
在布局相关部分(如 LayoutUpdated
事件或 ArrangeOverride
方法)时,不得更新 Data
属性以考虑其他依赖项属性(如 Width
)中的更改。
Data
会导致另一个布局运行,因此在期间调用的任何内容中设置它都会导致异常:
检测到布局周期。布局无法完成
我使用的方法是为属性更改事件注册处理程序并更新其中的Data
。
我写了一篇博客文章,更详细地解释了它。
这是我使用的示例:
public class CandlestickShape : Path
{
public double StartValue
{
get { return Convert.ToDouble(GetValue(StartValueProperty)); }
set { SetValue(StartValueProperty, value); }
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty StartValueProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register("StartValue", typeof(double), typeof(CandlestickShape), new PropertyMetadata(0));
public double EndValue
{
get { return Convert.ToDouble(GetValue(EndValueProperty)); }
set { SetValue(EndValueProperty, value); }
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty EndValueProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register("EndValue", typeof(double), typeof(CandlestickShape), new PropertyMetadata(0));
public double MinValue
{
get { return Convert.ToDouble(GetValue(MinValueProperty)); }
set { SetValue(MinValueProperty, value); }
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty MinValueProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register("MinValue", typeof(double), typeof(CandlestickShape), new PropertyMetadata(0));
public double MaxValue
{
get { return Convert.ToDouble(GetValue(MaxValueProperty)); }
set { SetValue(MaxValueProperty, value); }
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty MaxValueProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register("MaxValue", typeof(double), typeof(CandlestickShape), new PropertyMetadata(0));
/// <summary>
/// Defines how many Pixel should be drawn for one Point
/// </summary>
public double PixelPerPoint
{
get { return Convert.ToDouble(GetValue(PointsPerPixelProperty)); }
set { SetValue(PointsPerPixelProperty, value); }
}
public static readonly DependencyProperty PointsPerPixelProperty =
DependencyProperty.Register("PixelPerPoint", typeof(double), typeof(CandlestickShape), new PropertyMetadata(0));
public CandlestickShape()
{
this.RegisterPropertyChangedCallback(CandlestickShape.WidthProperty, new DependencyPropertyChangedCallback(RenderAffectingPropertyChanged));
this.RegisterPropertyChangedCallback(CandlestickShape.StartValueProperty, new DependencyPropertyChangedCallback(RenderAffectingPropertyChanged));
this.RegisterPropertyChangedCallback(CandlestickShape.EndValueProperty, new DependencyPropertyChangedCallback(RenderAffectingPropertyChanged));
this.RegisterPropertyChangedCallback(CandlestickShape.MinValueProperty, new DependencyPropertyChangedCallback(RenderAffectingPropertyChanged));
this.RegisterPropertyChangedCallback(CandlestickShape.MaxValueProperty, new DependencyPropertyChangedCallback(RenderAffectingPropertyChanged));
this.RegisterPropertyChangedCallback(CandlestickShape.PointsPerPixelProperty, new DependencyPropertyChangedCallback(RenderAffectingPropertyChanged));
}
private void RenderAffectingPropertyChanged(DependencyObject o, DependencyProperty e)
{
(o as CandlestickShape)?.SetRenderData();
}
private void SetRenderData()
{
var maxBorderValue = Math.Max(this.StartValue, this.EndValue);
var minBorderValue = Math.Min(this.StartValue, this.EndValue);
double topLineLength = (this.MaxValue - maxBorderValue) * this.PixelPerPoint;
double bottomLineLength = (minBorderValue - this.MinValue) * this.PixelPerPoint;
double bodyLength = (this.EndValue - this.StartValue) * this.PixelPerPoint;
var fillColor = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Green);
if (bodyLength < 0)
fillColor = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Red);
bodyLength = Math.Abs(bodyLength);
var bodyGeometry = new RectangleGeometry
{
Rect = new Rect(new Point(0, topLineLength), new Point(this.Width, topLineLength + bodyLength)),
};
var topLineGeometry = new LineGeometry
{
StartPoint = new Point(this.Width / 2, 0),
EndPoint = new Point(this.Width / 2, topLineLength)
};
var bottomLineGeometry = new LineGeometry
{
StartPoint = new Point(this.Width / 2, topLineLength + bodyLength),
EndPoint = new Point(this.Width / 2, topLineLength + bodyLength + bottomLineLength)
};
this.Data = new GeometryGroup
{
Children = new GeometryCollection
{
bodyGeometry,
topLineGeometry,
bottomLineGeometry
}
};
this.Fill = fillColor;
this.Stroke = new SolidColorBrush(Colors.Black);
}
protected override Size ArrangeOverride(Size finalSize)
{
double height = (MaxValue - MinValue) * PixelPerPoint;
return new Size(this.Width, height);
}
protected override Size MeasureOverride(Size availableSize)
{
double height = (MaxValue - MinValue) * PixelPerPoint;
return new Size(this.Width, height);
}
}