注册已使用的热键

本文关键字:注册 | 更新日期: 2024-10-25 06:19:56

背景:

我想全局收听热键序列(Ctrl+Alt+Left),所以我使用:

[DllImport("user32.dll")]
private static extern bool RegisterHotKey(IntPtr hWnd, int id, uint fsModifiers, uint vk);

这适用于许多其他热键序列,例如Ctrl+Alt+PageUpCtrl+Alt+PageDown等...但是Ctrl+Alt+Left出现问题,特别是。


问题:

在一台计算机上,它像任何其他热键序列一样工作正常,但在另一台计算机上,Ctrl+Alt+Arrow用于旋转屏幕,它无法注册热键(即返回零并且不会回调窗口句柄)。

MSDN 说: 如果为热键指定的击键已被另一个热键注册,则注册热键将失败。

我希望无论如何都能够注册该热键序列,并在需要时覆盖它。我当然希望屏幕保持不旋转,至少在我的程序运行时

。更改热键序列

实际上不是一种选择,因为其他计算机可能还有其他可能导致故障的热键序列。


问题:

作为屏幕旋转热键的Ctrl+Alt+Left和作为保存热键的Ctrl+S有什么区别,导致一个失败而不是另一个?(也许是因为一个是全局热键,第二个是上下文相关的?

是否可以完全覆盖热键?这是个好主意吗?

最重要的是,我如何确保我的热键将被注册?

注册已使用的热键

我刚刚将我的方法从热键更改为钩子。我正在收听任何低级键盘按下事件,并在使用 winAPI 触发时获取修饰符的状态。然后我有关于当前按下序列的完整信息。

完成所有这些操作的代码非常冗长且丑陋,但最终它很容易使用。

/// <summary>
/// A class that manages a global low level keyboard hook
/// </summary>
class GlobalKeyboardHook
{
    #region Constant, Structure and Delegate Definitions
    /// <summary>
    /// defines the callback type for the hook
    /// </summary>
    public delegate int KeyboardHookProc(int code, int wParam, ref KeyboardHookStruct lParam);
    public struct KeyboardHookStruct
    {
        public int vkCode;
        public int scanCode;
        public int flags;
        public int time;
        public int dwExtraInfo;
    }
    private const int WH_KEYBOARD_LL = 13;
    private const int WM_KEYDOWN = 0x100;
    private const int WM_KEYUP = 0x101;
    private const int WM_SYSKEYDOWN = 0x104;
    private const int WM_SYSKEYUP = 0x105;
    #endregion
    /// <summary>
    /// The collections of keys to watch for
    /// </summary>
    public List<Keys> HookedKeys = new List<Keys>();
    /// <summary>
    /// Handle to the hook, need this to unhook and call the next hook
    /// </summary>
    private IntPtr _hhook = IntPtr.Zero;
    /// <summary>
    /// Initializes a new instance of the <see cref="GlobalKeyboardHook"/> class and installs the keyboard hook.
    /// </summary>
    public GlobalKeyboardHook()
    {
        this.Hook();
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// Releases unmanaged resources and performs other cleanup operations before the
    /// <see cref="GlobalKeyboardHook"/> is reclaimed by garbage collection and uninstalls the keyboard hook.
    /// </summary>
    ~GlobalKeyboardHook()
    {
        this.Unhook();
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// Installs the global hook
    /// </summary>
    public void Hook()
    {
        IntPtr hInstance = LoadLibrary("User32");
        this._hhook = SetWindowsHookEx(WH_KEYBOARD_LL, this.HookProc, hInstance, 0);
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// Uninstalls the global hook
    /// </summary>
    public void Unhook()
    {
        UnhookWindowsHookEx(this._hhook);
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// The callback for the keyboard hook
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="code">The hook code, if it isn't >= 0, the function shouldn't do anyting</param>
    /// <param name="wParam">The event type</param>
    /// <param name="lParam">The keyhook event information</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    private int HookProc(int code, int wParam, ref KeyboardHookStruct lParam)
    {
        if (code >= 0)
        {
            var key = (Keys) lParam.vkCode;
            if (this.HookedKeys.Contains(key))
            {
                var handler = this.KeyPressed;
                if ((wParam == WM_KEYDOWN || wParam == WM_SYSKEYDOWN) && (handler != null))
                {
                    ModifierKeys mods = 0;
                    if (Keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.Control) || Keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.ControlKey) ||
                        Keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.LControlKey) || Keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.RControlKey))
                    {
                        mods |= ModifierKeys.Control;
                    }
                    if (Keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.Shift) || Keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.ShiftKey) ||
                        Keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.LShiftKey) || Keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.RShiftKey))
                    {
                        mods |= ModifierKeys.Shift;
                    }
                    if (Keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.LWin) || Keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.RWin))
                    {
                        mods |= ModifierKeys.Win;
                    }
                    if (Keyboard.IsKeyDown(Keys.Alt))
                    {
                        mods |= ModifierKeys.Alt;
                    }
                    handler(this, new KeyPressedEventArgs(mods, key));
                }
            }
        }
        return CallNextHookEx(this._hhook, code, wParam, ref lParam);
    }
    public event EventHandler<KeyPressedEventArgs> KeyPressed;
    #region DLL imports
    /// <summary>
    /// Sets the windows hook, do the desired event, one of hInstance or threadId must be non-null
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="idHook">The id of the event you want to hook</param>
    /// <param name="callback">The callback.</param>
    /// <param name="hInstance">The handle you want to attach the event to, can be null</param>
    /// <param name="threadId">The thread you want to attach the event to, can be null</param>
    /// <returns>a handle to the desired hook</returns>
    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    private static extern IntPtr SetWindowsHookEx(int idHook, KeyboardHookProc callback, IntPtr hInstance, uint threadId);
    /// <summary>
    /// Unhooks the windows hook.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="hInstance">The hook handle that was returned from SetWindowsHookEx</param>
    /// <returns>True if successful, false otherwise</returns>
    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    private static extern bool UnhookWindowsHookEx(IntPtr hInstance);
    /// <summary>
    /// Calls the next hook.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="idHook">The hook id</param>
    /// <param name="nCode">The hook code</param>
    /// <param name="wParam">The wparam.</param>
    /// <param name="lParam">The lparam.</param>
    /// <returns></returns>
    [DllImport("user32.dll")]
    private static extern int CallNextHookEx(IntPtr idHook, int nCode, int wParam, ref KeyboardHookStruct lParam);
    /// <summary>
    /// Loads the library.
    /// </summary>
    /// <param name="lpFileName">Name of the library</param>
    /// <returns>A handle to the library</returns>
    [DllImport("kernel32.dll")]
    private static extern IntPtr LoadLibrary(string lpFileName);
    #endregion
}
static class Keyboard
{
    [Flags]
    private enum KeyStates
    {
        None = 0,
        Down = 1,
        Toggled = 2
    }
    [DllImport("user32.dll", CharSet = CharSet.Auto, ExactSpelling = true)]
    private static extern short GetKeyState(int keyCode);
    private static KeyStates GetKeyState(Keys key)
    {
        KeyStates state = KeyStates.None;
        short retVal = GetKeyState((int)key);
        //If the high-order bit is 1, the key is down
        //otherwise, it is up.
        if ((retVal & 0x8000) == 0x8000)
            state |= KeyStates.Down;
        //If the low-order bit is 1, the key is toggled.
        if ((retVal & 1) == 1)
            state |= KeyStates.Toggled;
        return state;
    }
    public static bool IsKeyDown(Keys key)
    {
        return KeyStates.Down == (GetKeyState(key) & KeyStates.Down);
    }
    public static bool IsKeyToggled(Keys key)
    {
        return KeyStates.Toggled == (GetKeyState(key) & KeyStates.Toggled);
    }
}
/// <summary>
/// Event Args for the event that is fired after the hot key has been pressed.
/// </summary>
class KeyPressedEventArgs : EventArgs
{
    internal KeyPressedEventArgs(ModifierKeys modifier, Keys key)
    {
        this.Modifier = modifier;
        this.Key = key;
        this.Ctrl = (modifier & ModifierKeys.Control) != 0;
        this.Shift = (modifier & ModifierKeys.Shift) != 0;
        this.Win = (modifier & ModifierKeys.Win) != 0;
        this.Alt = (modifier & ModifierKeys.Alt) != 0;
    }
    public ModifierKeys Modifier { get; private set; }
    public Keys Key { get; private set; }
    public readonly bool Ctrl;
    public readonly bool Shift;
    public readonly bool Win;
    public readonly bool Alt;
}
/// <summary>
/// The enumeration of possible modifiers.
/// </summary>
[Flags]
public enum ModifierKeys : uint
{
    Alt = 1,
    Control = 2,
    Shift = 4,
    Win = 8
}