限制嵌套并行循环派生的并行线程总数

把这些任务推送到共享任务工厂怎么样？如何：创建一个限制并发的任务调度程序

Shark探员的回答成功了。我想我会分享我的工作例子，并讨论我遇到的一些事情。

起初，我使用的是嵌套并行。ForEach循环。但我突然想到，如果我在第一个循环中将线程/任务计数限制为小于总数的#，那么就没有线程来处理第二个循环，因此例程永远不会完成。所以这根本不起作用。

这就留下了代理Shark的共享队列的想法，您可以将任务推送到线程释放时运行的队列上。

以下是我的解决方案。

    internal class Program
    {
        private static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            // setup the factory
            LimitedConcurrencyLevelTaskScheduler lcts = new LimitedConcurrencyLevelTaskScheduler(9);
            TaskFactory f = new TaskFactory(lcts);
            // create my shared task queue
            ConcurrentDictionary<string, Task> waiting = new ConcurrentDictionary<string, Task>();
            ConcurrentBag<Task> finished = new ConcurrentBag<Task>();
            // some numbers....
            List<int> nums = new List<int>() { 1, 2, 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, 0 };
            foreach (int n in nums)
            {
                int i = n; // if you don't do this, n is 0 when it writes to the Debug console....
                Task t = f.StartNew(() =>
                {
                    Debug.WriteLine(i);
                    // some more numbers....
                    List<int> other = new List<int>() { 10, 11, 12, 13, 14, 15, 16, 17, 18, 19, 20 };
                    foreach (int nm in other)
                    {
                        int j = i;
                        int w = nm;
                        Task tk = f.StartNew(() =>
                        {
                            Debug.WriteLine(j + "," + w);
                            Thread.Sleep(1000);
                        });
                        waiting.TryAdd(j + "," + w, tk);
                    }
                    Thread.Sleep(500);
                });
                waiting.TryAdd(i.ToString(), t);
            }
            // loop until no further tasks are waiting.
            while (waiting.Count > 0)
            {
                // run the tasks...
                Task.WaitAll(waiting.Values.ToArray());
                // remove the finised tasks from the waiting list.
                foreach (KeyValuePair<string, Task> pair in waiting)
                {
                    if (pair.Value.IsCompleted)
                    {
                        finished.Add(pair.Value);
                        Task o;
                        waiting.TryRemove(pair.Key, out o);
                    }
                }
                Thread.Sleep(100);
            }
        }
    }
    /// <summary>
    /// Provides a task scheduler that ensures a maximum concurrency level while
    /// running on top of the ThreadPool.
    /// </summary>
    public class LimitedConcurrencyLevelTaskScheduler : TaskScheduler
    {
        /// <summary>Whether the current thread is processing work items.</summary>
        [ThreadStatic]
        private static bool _currentThreadIsProcessingItems;
        /// <summary>The list of tasks to be executed.</summary>
        private readonly LinkedList<Task> _tasks = new LinkedList<Task>(); // protected by lock(_tasks)
        /// <summary>The maximum concurrency level allowed by this scheduler.</summary>
        private readonly int _maxDegreeOfParallelism;
        /// <summary>Whether the scheduler is currently processing work items.</summary>
        private int _delegatesQueuedOrRunning = 0; // protected by lock(_tasks)
        /// <summary>
        /// Initializes an instance of the LimitedConcurrencyLevelTaskScheduler class with the
        /// specified degree of parallelism.
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="maxDegreeOfParallelism">The maximum degree of parallelism provided by this scheduler.</param>
        public LimitedConcurrencyLevelTaskScheduler(int maxDegreeOfParallelism)
        {
            if (maxDegreeOfParallelism < 1) throw new ArgumentOutOfRangeException("maxDegreeOfParallelism");
            _maxDegreeOfParallelism = maxDegreeOfParallelism;
        }
        /// <summary>Queues a task to the scheduler.</summary>
        /// <param name="task">The task to be queued.</param>
        protected sealed override void QueueTask(Task task)
        {
            // Add the task to the list of tasks to be processed.  If there aren't enough
            // delegates currently queued or running to process tasks, schedule another.
            lock (_tasks)
            {
                _tasks.AddLast(task);
                if (_delegatesQueuedOrRunning < _maxDegreeOfParallelism)
                {
                    ++_delegatesQueuedOrRunning;
                    NotifyThreadPoolOfPendingWork();
                }
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Informs the ThreadPool that there's work to be executed for this scheduler.
        /// </summary>
        private void NotifyThreadPoolOfPendingWork()
        {
            ThreadPool.UnsafeQueueUserWorkItem(_ =>
            {
                // Note that the current thread is now processing work items.
                // This is necessary to enable inlining of tasks into this thread.
                _currentThreadIsProcessingItems = true;
                try
                {
                    // Process all available items in the queue.
                    while (true)
                    {
                        Task item;
                        lock (_tasks)
                        {
                            // When there are no more items to be processed,
                            // note that we're done processing, and get out.
                            if (_tasks.Count == 0)
                            {
                                --_delegatesQueuedOrRunning;
                                break;
                            }
                            // Get the next item from the queue
                            item = _tasks.First.Value;
                            _tasks.RemoveFirst();
                        }
                        // Execute the task we pulled out of the queue
                        base.TryExecuteTask(item);
                    }
                }
                // We're done processing items on the current thread
                finally { _currentThreadIsProcessingItems = false; }
            }, null);
        }
        /// <summary>Attempts to execute the specified task on the current thread.</summary>
        /// <param name="task">The task to be executed.</param>
        /// <param name="taskWasPreviouslyQueued"></param>
        /// <returns>Whether the task could be executed on the current thread.</returns>
        protected sealed override bool TryExecuteTaskInline(Task task, bool taskWasPreviouslyQueued)
        {
            // If this thread isn't already processing a task, we don't support inlining
            if (!_currentThreadIsProcessingItems) return false;
            // If the task was previously queued, remove it from the queue
            if (taskWasPreviouslyQueued) TryDequeue(task);
            // Try to run the task.
            return base.TryExecuteTask(task);
        }
        /// <summary>Attempts to remove a previously scheduled task from the scheduler.</summary>
        /// <param name="task">The task to be removed.</param>
        /// <returns>Whether the task could be found and removed.</returns>
        protected sealed override bool TryDequeue(Task task)
        {
            lock (_tasks) return _tasks.Remove(task);
        }
        /// <summary>Gets the maximum concurrency level supported by this scheduler.</summary>
        public sealed override int MaximumConcurrencyLevel { get { return _maxDegreeOfParallelism; } }
        /// <summary>Gets an enumerable of the tasks currently scheduled on this scheduler.</summary>
        /// <returns>An enumerable of the tasks currently scheduled.</returns>
        protected sealed override IEnumerable<Task> GetScheduledTasks()
        {
            bool lockTaken = false;
            try
            {
                Monitor.TryEnter(_tasks, ref lockTaken);
                if (lockTaken) return _tasks.ToArray();
                else throw new NotSupportedException();
            }
            finally
            {
                if (lockTaken) Monitor.Exit(_tasks);
            }
        }
    }