c#作为HTML5 Websocket连接的Websocket服务器

本文关键字:Websocket 服务器 连接 HTML5 作为 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:03:33

我想是时候问别人了。是否有可能创建一个websocket服务器使用c#和服务器请求从HTML5代码?

我目前正在使用websocket的系统包。我有一个从网上下载的代码,它是:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Linq;
using System.Text;
namespace WebSocketChatServer
{
    using WebSocketServer;
    class ChatServer
    {
        WebSocketServer wss;
        List<User> Users = new List<User>();
        string unknownName = "john doe";

        public ChatServer()
        {
            // wss = new WebSocketServer(8181, "http://localhost:8080", "ws://localhost:8181/chat");
            wss = new WebSocketServer(8080, "http://localhost:8080", "ws://localhost:8080/dotnet/Chats");

            wss.Logger = Console.Out;
            wss.LogLevel = ServerLogLevel.Subtle;
            wss.ClientConnected += new ClientConnectedEventHandler(OnClientConnected);
            wss.Start();
            KeepAlive();


        }
        private void KeepAlive()
        {
            string r = Console.ReadLine();
            while (r != "quit")
            {
                if(r == "users")
                {
                    Console.WriteLine(Users.Count);
                }
                r = Console.ReadLine();
            }
        }

        void OnClientConnected(WebSocketConnection sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("test");
            Users.Add(new User() { Connection = sender });
            sender.Disconnected += new WebSocketDisconnectedEventHandler(OnClientDisconnected);
            sender.DataReceived += new DataReceivedEventHandler(OnClientMessage);
        }
        void OnClientMessage(WebSocketConnection sender, DataReceivedEventArgs e)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(sender);
            User user = Users.Single(a => a.Connection == sender);
            if (e.Data.Contains("/nick"))
            {
                string[] tmpArray = e.Data.Split(new char[] { ' ' });
                if (tmpArray.Length > 1)
                {
                    string myNewName = tmpArray[1];
                    while (Users.Where(a => a.Name == myNewName).Count() != 0)
                    {
                        myNewName += "_";
                    }
                    if (user.Name != null)
                        wss.SendToAll("server: '" + user.Name + "' changed name to '" + myNewName + "'");
                    else
                        sender.Send("you are now know as '" + myNewName + "'");
                    user.Name = myNewName;
                }
            }
            else
            {
                string name = (user.Name == null) ? unknownName : user.Name;
                wss.SendToAllExceptOne(name + ": " + e.Data, sender);
                sender.Send("me: " + e.Data);
            }
        }
        void OnClientDisconnected(WebSocketConnection sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            try
            {
                User user = Users.Single(a => a.Connection == sender);
                string name = (user.Name == null) ? unknownName : user.Name;
                wss.SendToAll("server: "+name + " disconnected");
                Users.Remove(user);
            }
            catch (Exception exc)
            {
                Console.WriteLine("ehm...");
            }
        }
    }
}

客户端代码:

<!HTML>
    <head>
        <script src="//ajax.googleapis.com/ajax/libs/jquery/1.8.3/jquery.min.js">
        </script>
        <script language="javascript" type="text/javascript">  
        jQuery(document).ready(function(){
            var socket = new WebSocket("ws://localhost:8080");  
            socket.onopen = function(){  
                alert("Socket has been opened!");  
            }  
        });
        </script>  
    </head>
</HTML>

当我运行我的c#控制台应用程序并加载客户端页面时,应用程序告诉我有人在它正在侦听的端口中连接。但是在我的客户端,当我查看firebug的控制台时,它给了我初学者的经典错误:

Firefox can't establish a connection to the server at ws://localhost:8080/

我想要实现的是首先建立一个成功的websocket连接,并从我的服务器向我的客户端推送值。

我考虑过炼金术,但我的版本是Visual Studio express 2010,免费版本,它说"解决方案文件夹不支持这个版本的应用程序"。

c#作为HTML5 Websocket连接的Websocket服务器

我已经为JavaScript/HTML 5游戏开发了一个服务器大约7个月了,现在你看过Alchemy Websockets吗?它非常容易使用。

的例子:

using Alchemy;
using Alchemy.Classes;
namespace GameServer
{
    static class Program
    {
        public static readonly ConcurrentDictionary<ClientPeer, bool> OnlineUsers = new ConcurrentDictionary<ClientPeer, bool>();
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            var aServer = new WebSocketServer(4530, IPAddress.Any)
            {
                OnReceive = context => OnReceive(context),
                OnConnected = context => OnConnect(context),
                OnDisconnect = context => OnDisconnect(context),
                TimeOut = new TimeSpan(0, 10, 0),
                FlashAccessPolicyEnabled = true
            };
        }
        private static void OnConnect(UserContext context)
        {
            var client = new ClientPeer(context);
            OnlineUsers.TryAdd(client, false);
            //Do something with the new client
        }
    }
}

正如你所看到的,它很容易使用,我发现他们的文档非常好(注意ClientPeer是我的一个自定义类,只是用它作为一个例子)。

如果你看一下ASP,你想要达到的目标将会容易得多。净SignalR

它支持高级集线器来实现实时通信,也有一个持久连接低级类来对通信进行细粒度的控制。

支持多种客户端类型和回退,如果不支持websockets在通信的两端(它可以选择使用长轮询或永久帧)。

出现此错误的原因(可能)是因为您没有响应握手。一旦连接建立,浏览器发送一些数据,服务器必须适当响应(否则浏览器将关闭连接)。您可以在wiki上或直接在规范中阅读更多相关内容。

我修改了我从网上下载的代码,下面是我现在得到的:

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net;
using System.IO;
using System.Security.Cryptography;
using System.Threading;


namespace WebSocketServer
{
    public enum ServerLogLevel { Nothing, Subtle, Verbose };
    public delegate void ClientConnectedEventHandler(WebSocketConnection sender, EventArgs e);
    public class WebSocketServer
    {
        #region private members
        private string webSocketOrigin;     // location for the protocol handshake
        private string webSocketLocation;   // location for the protocol handshake
        #endregion
        static private string guid = "258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11";
        static IPEndPoint ipLocal;
        public event ClientConnectedEventHandler ClientConnected;
        /// <summary>
        /// TextWriter used for logging
        /// </summary>
        public TextWriter Logger { get; set; }     // stream used for logging
        /// <summary>
        /// How much information do you want, the server to post to the stream
        /// </summary>
        public ServerLogLevel LogLevel = ServerLogLevel.Subtle;
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the connections of the server
        /// </summary>
        public List<WebSocketConnection> Connections { get; private set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// Gets the listener socket. This socket is used to listen for new client connections
        /// </summary>
        public Socket ListenerSocker { get; private set; }
        /// <summary>
        /// Get the port of the server
        /// </summary>
        public int Port { get; private set; }

        public WebSocketServer(int port, string origin, string location)
        {
            Port = port;
            Connections = new List<WebSocketConnection>();
            webSocketOrigin = origin;
            webSocketLocation = location;
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Starts the server - making it listen for connections
        /// </summary>
        public void Start()
        {
            // create the main server socket, bind it to the local ip address and start listening for clients
            ListenerSocker = new Socket(AddressFamily.InterNetwork, SocketType.Stream, ProtocolType.IP);
            ipLocal = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.Loopback, Port);
            ListenerSocker.Bind(ipLocal);
            ListenerSocker.Listen(100);

            LogLine(DateTime.Now + "> server stated on " + ListenerSocker.LocalEndPoint, ServerLogLevel.Subtle);
            ListenForClients();
        }
        // look for connecting clients
        private void ListenForClients()
        {
            ListenerSocker.BeginAccept(new AsyncCallback(OnClientConnect), null);
        }
        private void OnClientConnect(IAsyncResult asyn)
        {
            byte[] buffer = new byte[1024];
            string headerResponse = "";
            // create a new socket for the connection
            var clientSocket = ListenerSocker.EndAccept(asyn);
            var i = clientSocket.Receive(buffer);
            headerResponse = (System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetString(buffer)).Substring(0, i);
            //Console.WriteLine(headerResponse);

            if (clientSocket != null)
            {
                // Console.WriteLine("HEADER RESPONSE:"+headerResponse);
                var key = headerResponse.Replace("ey:", "`")
                              .Split('`')[1]                     // dGhlIHNhbXBsZSBub25jZQ== 'r'n .......
                              .Replace("'r", "").Split(''n')[0]  // dGhlIHNhbXBsZSBub25jZQ==
                              .Trim();
                var test1 = AcceptKey(ref key);
                var newLine = "'r'n";
                var name = "Charmaine";
                var response = "HTTP/1.1 101 Switching Protocols" + newLine
                         + "Upgrade: websocket" + newLine
                         + "Connection: Upgrade" + newLine
                         + "Sec-WebSocket-Accept: " + test1 + newLine + newLine
                         + "Testing lang naman po:" + name
                         ;
                // which one should I use? none of them fires the onopen method
                clientSocket.Send(System.Text.Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(response));
            }


            // keep track of the new guy
            var clientConnection = new WebSocketConnection(clientSocket);
            Connections.Add(clientConnection);
            // clientConnection.Disconnected += new WebSocketDisconnectedEventHandler(ClientDisconnected);
            Console.WriteLine("New user: " + ipLocal);
            // invoke the connection event
            if (ClientConnected != null)
                ClientConnected(clientConnection, EventArgs.Empty);
            if (LogLevel != ServerLogLevel.Nothing)
                clientConnection.DataReceived += new DataReceivedEventHandler(DataReceivedFromClient);

            // listen for more clients
            ListenForClients();
        }
        void ClientDisconnected(WebSocketConnection sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            Connections.Remove(sender);
            LogLine(DateTime.Now + "> " + sender.ConnectionSocket.LocalEndPoint + " disconnected", ServerLogLevel.Subtle);
        }
        void DataReceivedFromClient(WebSocketConnection sender, DataReceivedEventArgs e)
        {
            Log(DateTime.Now + "> data from " + sender.ConnectionSocket.LocalEndPoint, ServerLogLevel.Subtle);
            Log(": " + e.Data + "'n" + e.Size + " bytes", ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
            LogLine("", ServerLogLevel.Subtle);
        }

        /// <summary>
        /// send a string to all the clients (you spammer!)
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data">the string to send</param>
        public void SendToAll(string data)
        {
            Connections.ForEach(a => a.Send(data));
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// send a string to all the clients except one
        /// </summary>
        /// <param name="data">the string to send</param>
        /// <param name="indifferent">the client that doesn't care</param>
        public void SendToAllExceptOne(string data, WebSocketConnection indifferent)
        {
            foreach (var client in Connections)
            {
                if (client != indifferent)
                    client.Send(data);
            }
        }
        /// <summary>
        /// Takes care of the initial handshaking between the the client and the server
        /// </summary>

        private void Log(string str, ServerLogLevel level)
        {
            if (Logger != null && (int)LogLevel >= (int)level)
            {
                Logger.Write(str);
            }
        }
        private void LogLine(string str, ServerLogLevel level)
        {
            Log(str + "'r'n", level);
        }
        private static string AcceptKey(ref string key)
        {
            string longKey = key + guid;
            byte[] hashBytes = ComputeHash(longKey);
            return Convert.ToBase64String(hashBytes);
        }
        static SHA1 sha1 = SHA1CryptoServiceProvider.Create();
        private static byte[] ComputeHash(string str)
        {
            return sha1.ComputeHash(System.Text.Encoding.ASCII.GetBytes(str));
        }

        private void ShakeHands(Socket conn)
        {
            using (var stream = new NetworkStream(conn))
            using (var reader = new StreamReader(stream))
            using (var writer = new StreamWriter(stream))
            {
                //read handshake from client (no need to actually read it, we know its there):
                LogLine("Reading client handshake:", ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
                string r = null;
                while (r != "")
                {
                    r = reader.ReadLine();
                    LogLine(r, ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
                }
                // send handshake to the client
                writer.WriteLine("HTTP/1.1 101 Web Socket Protocol Handshake");
                writer.WriteLine("Upgrade: WebSocket");
                writer.WriteLine("Connection: Upgrade");
                writer.WriteLine("WebSocket-Origin: " + webSocketOrigin);
                writer.WriteLine("WebSocket-Location: " + webSocketLocation);
                writer.WriteLine("");
            }

            // tell the nerds whats going on
            LogLine("Sending handshake:", ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
            LogLine("HTTP/1.1 101 Web Socket Protocol Handshake", ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
            LogLine("Upgrade: WebSocket", ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
            LogLine("Connection: Upgrade", ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
            LogLine("WebSocket-Origin: " + webSocketOrigin, ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
            LogLine("WebSocket-Location: " + webSocketLocation, ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
            LogLine("", ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
            LogLine("Started listening to client", ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
            //conn.Listen();
        }

    }
}

连接问题解决,下一步是发送数据到客户端。

只需在WebSocketServer.cs文件中使用下面的代码更改握手解决方案,您的错误就会消失。

private void ShakeHands(Socket conn)
    {
        using (var stream = new NetworkStream(conn))
        using (var reader = new StreamReader(stream))
        using (var writer = new StreamWriter(stream))
        {
            //read handshake from client (no need to actually read it, we know its there):
            LogLine("Reading client handshake:", ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
            string r = null;
            Dictionary<string, string> headers = new Dictionary<string, string>();
            while (r != "")
            {
                r = reader.ReadLine();
                string[] tokens = r.Split(new char[] { ':' }, 2);
                if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(r) && tokens.Length > 1)
                {
                    headers[tokens[0]] = tokens[1].Trim();
                }
                LogLine(r, ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
            }

            //string line = string.Empty;
            //while ((line = reader.ReadLine()) != string.Empty)
            //{
            //    string[] tokens = line.Split(new char[] { ':' }, 2);
            //    if (!string.IsNullOrWhiteSpace(line) && tokens.Length > 1)
            //    {
            //        headers[tokens[0]] = tokens[1].Trim();
            //    }
            //}
            string responseKey = "";
            string key = string.Concat(headers["Sec-WebSocket-Key"], "258EAFA5-E914-47DA-95CA-C5AB0DC85B11");
            using (SHA1 sha1 = SHA1.Create())
            {
                byte[] hash = sha1.ComputeHash(Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes(key));
                responseKey = Convert.ToBase64String(hash);
            }

            // send handshake to the client
            writer.WriteLine("HTTP/1.1 101 Web Socket Protocol Handshake");
            writer.WriteLine("Upgrade: WebSocket");
            writer.WriteLine("Connection: Upgrade");
            writer.WriteLine("WebSocket-Origin: " + webSocketOrigin);
            writer.WriteLine("WebSocket-Location: " + webSocketLocation);
            //writer.WriteLine("Sec-WebSocket-Protocol: chat");
            writer.WriteLine("Sec-WebSocket-Accept: " + responseKey);
            writer.WriteLine("");
        }

        // tell the nerds whats going on
        LogLine("Sending handshake:", ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
        LogLine("HTTP/1.1 101 Web Socket Protocol Handshake", ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
        LogLine("Upgrade: WebSocket", ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
        LogLine("Connection: Upgrade", ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
        LogLine("WebSocket-Origin: " + webSocketOrigin, ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
        LogLine("WebSocket-Location: " + webSocketLocation, ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
        LogLine("", ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
        LogLine("Started listening to client", ServerLogLevel.Verbose);
        //conn.Listen();
    }

你也可以看一下WebSocketRPC库,它应该非常容易使用,无论是"原始"连接还是RPC连接(消息也可以混合)。


以下可能对你有用:
负责发送/接收原始消息的代码位于Connection类中。在存储库中,您还可以找到如何实现基本JavaScript客户端。

免责声明:我是作者。