倒置的后台工作者

本文关键字:工作者 后台 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 18:04:09

我有许多类来做一些事情,通常是遍历一个记录集并为每个记录调用一个或两个web服务。

目前这一切都运行在GUI线程和挂画。第一个想法是使用BackgroundWorker并实现一个不错的进度条,处理错误,完成等。所有后台工作人员能做的好事。

代码一出现在屏幕上就开始发臭了。我在每个类中编写了很多后台工作人员,在bw_DoWork方法中重复大部分ProcessRows方法,并认为应该有更好的方法,而且可能已经完成了。

在我开始重新发明轮子之前,是否有一种模式或实现将类与后台工作者分开?它将采用实现接口(如ibackgroundable)的类,但这些类仍然可以独立运行,并且需要最小的更改来实现接口。

编辑:@Henk请求的简化示例:

:

    private void buttonUnlockCalls_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        UnlockCalls unlockCalls = new UnlockCalls();
        unlockCalls.MaxRowsToProcess = 1000;
        int processedRows = unlockCalls.ProcessRows();
        this.textProcessedRows.text = processedRows.ToString();
    }

I think I want:

    private void buttonUnlockCalls_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        UnlockCalls unlockCalls = new UnlockCalls();
        unlockCalls.MaxRowsToProcess = 1000;
        PushToBackground pushToBackground = new PushToBackground(unlockCalls)
        pushToBackground.GetReturnValue = pushToBackground_GetReturnValue;
        pushToBackground.DoWork();
    }
    private void pushToBackground_GetReturnValue(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        int processedRows = e.processedRows;
        this.textProcessedRows.text = processedRows.ToString();
    }

我可以继续这样做,但不想重新发明。

我正在寻找的答案将沿着"是的,Joe做了一个很好的实现(这里)"或"这是一个代理小部件模式,去阅读它(这里)"这条线。

倒置的后台工作者

每个操作需要实现以下接口:

/// <summary>
/// Allows progress to be monitored on a multi step operation
/// </summary>
interface ISteppedOperation
{
    /// <summary>
    /// Move to the next item to be processed.
    /// </summary>
    /// <returns>False if no more items</returns>
    bool MoveNext();
    /// <summary>
    /// Processes the current item
    /// </summary>
    void ProcessCurrent();
    int StepCount { get; }
    int CurrentStep { get; }
}

这将步骤的枚举与处理分开。

下面是一个示例操作:
class SampleOperation : ISteppedOperation
{
    private int maxSteps = 100;
    //// The basic way of doing work that I want to monitor
    //public void DoSteppedWork()
    //{
    //    for (int currentStep = 0; currentStep < maxSteps; currentStep++)
    //    {
    //        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(100);
    //    }
    //}
    // The same thing broken down to implement ISteppedOperation
    private int currentStep = 0; // before the first step
    public bool MoveNext()
    {
        if (currentStep == maxSteps)
            return false;
        else
        {
            currentStep++;
            return true;
        }
    }
    public void ProcessCurrent()
    {
        System.Threading.Thread.Sleep(100);
    }
    public int StepCount
    {
        get { return maxSteps; }
    }
    public int CurrentStep
    {
        get { return currentStep; }
    }
    // Re-implement the original method so it can still be run synchronously
    public void DoSteppedWork()
    {
        while (MoveNext())
            ProcessCurrent();
    }
}

可以像这样从表单中调用:

private void BackgroundWorkerButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs eventArgs)
{
    var operation = new SampleOperation();
    BackgroundWorkerButton.Enabled = false;
    BackgroundOperation(operation, (s, e) =>
        {
            BackgroundWorkerButton.Enabled = true;
        });
}
private void BackgroundOperation(ISteppedOperation operation, RunWorkerCompletedEventHandler runWorkerCompleted)
{
    var backgroundWorker = new BackgroundWorker();
    backgroundWorker.RunWorkerCompleted += runWorkerCompleted;
    backgroundWorker.WorkerSupportsCancellation = true;
    backgroundWorker.WorkerReportsProgress = true;
    backgroundWorker.DoWork += new DoWorkEventHandler((s, e) =>
    {
        while (operation.MoveNext())
        {
            operation.ProcessCurrent();
            int percentProgress = (100 * operation.CurrentStep) / operation.StepCount;
            backgroundWorker.ReportProgress(percentProgress);
            if (backgroundWorker.CancellationPending) break;
        }
    });
    backgroundWorker.ProgressChanged += new ProgressChangedEventHandler((s, e) =>
    {
        var progressChangedEventArgs = e as ProgressChangedEventArgs;
        this.progressBar1.Value = progressChangedEventArgs.ProgressPercentage;
    });
    backgroundWorker.RunWorkerAsync();
}

我还没有这样做,但我将把BackgroundOperation()移动到它自己的类中,并实现取消操作的方法。

我会把我的非ui代码放到一个新类中,并使用线程(而不是后台worker)。要显示进度,让新类将事件发送回UI并使用Dispatcher。调用来更新UI。

这里有一些编码,但它更干净,更有效。并且比使用后台worker(它实际上只用于小任务)更易于维护。