对拼写错误的单词进行排序树视图

我无法重现您的问题，因为您没有显示如何在重新加载之前清除预先存在的节点树。 在显示的代码中，您只是不允许在树中重新加载节点。

通常，如果要将树更新为某些分层数据，则需要合并每个级别的列表，使用节点的名称或标记对节点进行键控。 例如，以下内容似乎适用于您的 XML：

    private void LoadXML_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        treeView1.BeginUpdate();
        try
        {
            //Add the "Ignored" Top Level node. 
            if (!treeView1.Nodes.ContainsKey("Ignored List"))
                treeView1.Nodes.Add(new TreeNode { Name = "Ignored List", Text = "Ignored List" });
            var xmldoc = GetXmlDocument(); // From your UI
            int changed = AddOrMergeNodes(xmldoc);
            Debug.WriteLine("Added or removed " + changed + " nodes");
            if (changed > 0)
            {
                treeView1.ExpandAll();
                treeView1.Sort();
            }
        }
        finally
        {
            treeView1.EndUpdate();
        }
        treeView1.Focus();
    }
    private void clearXML_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
    {
        treeView1.Nodes.Clear();
    }
    static Dictionary<string, List<TreeNode>> ToNodeDictionary(TreeNodeCollection nodes)
    {
        return nodes.Cast<TreeNode>().Aggregate(new Dictionary<string, List<TreeNode>>(), (d, n) => { d.Add(n.Name, n); return d; });
    }
    int AddOrMergeNodes(XmlDocument xmldoc)
    {
        var dict = ToNodeDictionary(treeView1.Nodes);
        return AddOrMergeNode(treeView1.Nodes, dict, xmldoc.DocumentElement);
    }
    static int AddOrMergeNodes(TreeNodeCollection treeNodeCollection, XmlNodeList xmlNodeList)
    {
        int changed = 0;
        var dict = ToNodeDictionary(treeNodeCollection);
        foreach (XmlNode inXmlNode in xmlNodeList)
        {
            changed += AddOrMergeNode(treeNodeCollection, dict, inXmlNode);
        }
        foreach (var leftover in dict.Values.SelectMany(l => l))
        {
            treeNodeCollection.Remove(leftover);
            changed++;
        }
        return changed;
    }
    static int AddOrMergeNode(TreeNodeCollection treeNodeCollection, Dictionary<string, List<TreeNode>> dict, XmlNode inXmlNode)
    {
        int changed = 0;
        var name = inXmlNode.Name;
        TreeNode node;
        if (!dict.TryRemoveFirst(name, out node))
        {
            node = new TreeNode { Name = name, Text = name };
            treeNodeCollection.Add(node);
            changed++;
        }
        Debug.Assert(treeNodeCollection.Contains(node), "treeNodeCollection.Contains(node)");
        if (inXmlNode.HasChildNodes)
        {
            var text = name;
            if (node.Text != text)
                node.Text = name;
            changed += AddOrMergeNodes(node.Nodes, inXmlNode.ChildNodes);
        }
        else
        {
            var text = (inXmlNode.OuterXml).Trim();
            if (node.Text != text)
                node.Text = text;
            node.Nodes.Clear();
        }
        return changed;
    }

然后是一些处理列表字典的扩展方法，为方便起见：

public static class DictionaryExtensions
{
    public static void Add<TKey, TValueList, TValue>(this IDictionary<TKey, TValueList> listDictionary, TKey key, TValue value)
        where TValueList : IList<TValue>, new()
    {
        if (listDictionary == null)
            throw new ArgumentNullException();
        TValueList values;
        if (!listDictionary.TryGetValue(key, out values))
            listDictionary[key] = values = new TValueList();
        values.Add(value);
    }
    public static bool TryGetValue<TKey, TValueList, TValue>(this IDictionary<TKey, TValueList> listDictionary, TKey key, int index, out TValue value)
        where TValueList : IList<TValue>
    {
        TValueList list;
        if (!listDictionary.TryGetValue(key, out list))
            return Returns.False(out value);
        if (index < 0 || index >= list.Count)
            return Returns.False(out value);
        value = list[index];
        return true;
    }
    public static bool TryRemoveFirst<TKey, TValueList, TValue>(this IDictionary<TKey, TValueList> listDictionary, TKey key, out TValue value)
        where TValueList : IList<TValue>
    {
        TValueList list;
        if (!listDictionary.TryGetValue(key, out list))
            return Returns.False(out value);
        var count = list.Count;
        if (count > 0)
        {
            value = list[0];
            list.RemoveAt(0);
            if (--count == 0)
                listDictionary.Remove(key);
            return true;
        }
        else
        {
            listDictionary.Remove(key); // Error?
            return Returns.False(out value);
        }
    }
}
public static class Returns
{
    public static bool False<TValue>(out TValue value)
    {
        value = default(TValue);
        return false;
    }
}