从类更新UI(多线程)

本文关键字:多线程 UI 更新 | 更新日期: 2023-09-27 17:53:30

可能重复:
如何从C#中的另一个线程更新GUI?

如何从线程类更新UI?无法从线程访问更新表单控件。我想根据每个特定线程的进度更新我的UI。

class MyClass
    {
        public delegate void CountChangedEventHandler(int vCount, int vIndex);
        public event CountChangedEventHandler CountChanged;
        private int count;
        private int index;
        public MyClass(int index)
        {
            this.index = index;
        }
        public int Count
        {
            get { return this.count; }
            set
            {
                this.count = value;
                if (this.CountChanged != null)
                    this.CountChanged(value, this.index);
            }
        }
        public void DoWork(object o)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 10000; i++)
            {
                this.Count = i;
            }
        }
    }
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }
        private void button1_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            for (int i = 0; i < 3; i++)
            {
                MyClass myCount = new MyClass(i);
                myCount.CountChanged += new MyClass.CountChangedEventHandler(UpdateUI);
                ListViewItem lvi = new ListViewItem();
                lvi.Text = "Thread #" + i.ToString();
                lvi.SubItems.Add("");
                listView1.Items.Add(lvi);
                ThreadPool.QueueUserWorkItem(new WaitCallback(myCount.DoWork));
            }
        }
        private void UpdateUI (int index, int count)
        {
            listView1.Items[index].SubItems[0].Text = count.ToString();
        }
    }

从类更新UI(多线程)

您需要使用InvokeBeginInvoke将UI访问封送回UI线程。

我建议在这种情况下使用Invoke,因为这会阻止你的循环过于超前:

private void UpdateUI (int index, int count)
{
  Invoke( ( MethodInvoker ) (
    () => listView1.Items[index].SubItems[0].Text = count.ToString()
  ) );
}

有多种方法可以实现这一点。这里有几个选项:

1( BackgroundWorker-你可以在网上找到很多关于如何使用它的例子,只要你在这个过程中只需要将进度(整数(传递回UI,这是可以接受的。

2( 带有计时器的消息队列-为您提供了将进度返回到UI的选项。

下面是我编写的WPF应用程序中选项2的一个示例,它将字符串传递回UI,当然,您可以用任何想要的自定义对象替换字符串。此外,需要.NET 3.0或更高版本:

private static List<string> MessageQueue = new List<string>();
private void Window_Loaded(object sender, RoutedEventArgs e)
{
    DispatcherTimer messageQueueTimer = new DispatcherTimer();
    messageQueueTimer.Tick += messageQueueTimer_Elapsed;
    messageQueueTimer.Interval = new TimeSpan(1); //1 tick
    messageQueueTimer.Start();
}
protected void messageQueueTimer_Elapsed(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
    lock(MessageQueue)
    {
        //Read message from queue and remove it.
    }
}
//WriteLine can be called from any asyncronous method spawed from the UI.
public void WriteLine(string message)
{
    lock(MessageQueue)
    {
        //Insert message into the queue.        
    }
}

还有其他几种方法可以实现这一点,但这应该让你开始。希望这能有所帮助!